ASTM D1078-11
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Distillation Range of Volatile Organic Liquids
Standard Test Method for Distillation Range of Volatile Organic Liquids
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method provides a method of measurement of distillation range of volatile organic liquids. The relative volatility of organic liquids can be used with other tests for identification and measurement of quality. Therefore, this test method provides a test procedure for assessing compliance with a specification.
This test method also provides an empirical value of residue, solvent recovery capacity, and loss (or non-recovery) on heating. Organic liquids are used as solvents in many chemical processes. As the relative volatility, residual matter and recovery capability affect the efficiency of these processes, this test method is useful in manufacturing control.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the distillation range of liquids boiling between 30 and 350°C, that are chemically stable during the distillation process, by manual or automatic distillation procedures.
1.2 This test method is applicable to organic liquids such as hydrocarbons, oxygenated compounds, chemical intermediates, and blends thereof.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 For purposes of determining conformance of an observed or a calculated value using this test method to relevant specifications, test result(s) shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.5 For hazard information and guidance, see the supplier's Material Safety Data Sheet.
1.6 WarningMercury has been designated by EPA and many state agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s website (http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm) for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, in your state may be prohibited by state law.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Section 7.
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation: D1078 − 11
Designation: 195/98
Standard Test Method for
1
Distillation Range of Volatile Organic Liquids
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1078; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the distil-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard
lation range of liquids boiling between 30 and 350°C, that are
statements are given in Section 7.
chemically stable during the distillation process, by manual or
automatic distillation procedures.
2. Referenced Documents
1.2 This test method is applicable to organic liquids such as 2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
hydrocarbons, oxygenated compounds, chemical
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at
intermediates, and blends thereof.
Atmospheric Pressure
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
standard. Determine Conformance with Specifications
E133 Specification for Distillation Equipment
1.4 For purposes of determining conformance of an ob-
E299 Test Method for Trace Amounts of Peroxides In
served or a calculated value using this test method to relevant
Organic Solvents
specifications, test result(s) shall be rounded off “to the nearest
2.2 ASTM Adjuncts:
unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the
Determination of Precision and Bias for Use in Test
specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method
3
Methods for Petroleum Products and Lubricants
of Practice E29.
1.5 For hazard information and guidance, see the supplier’s 3. Terminology
Material Safety Data Sheet.
3.1 Definitions:
1.6 Warning—Mercury has been designated by EPA and 3.1.1 initial boiling point, n—the temperature indicated by
many state agencies as a hazardous material that can cause
the distillation thermometer at the instant the first drop of
central nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or condensate leaves the condenser tube.
its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to
3.1.2 dry point, n—the temperature indicated at the instant
materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and
the last drop of liquid evaporates from the lowest point in the
mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Ma-
distillation flask, disregarding any liquid on the side of the
terial Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s website
flask.
(http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm) for additional informa-
3.1.3 decomposition point, n—the thermometer reading that
tion. Users should be aware that selling mercury or mercury-
coincideswiththefirstindicationsofthermaldecompositionof
containingproducts,orboth,inyourstatemaybeprohibitedby
the liquid in the flask.
state law.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.2.1 final boiling point, n—the maximum thermometer
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
reading obtained during the test.
1 2
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
and Related Coatings, Materials, andApplications and is the direct responsibility of contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Subcommittee D01.35 on Solvents, Plasticizers, and Chemical Intermediates. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Nov. 15, 2011. Published December 2011. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 1949. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D1078 – 05. DOI: Available from ASTM International Headquarters. Order Adjunct No.
10.1520/D1078-11. ADJD6300.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D1078 − 11
3.2.1.1 Discussion—This usually occurs after the evapora- those obtained when using gas heat. (See Section 9 for factors
tion of all liquid from the bottom of the flask. The term that cause superheating, and Appendix X1 for a discussion on
“maximum temperature” is a frequently
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D1078–05 Designation: D1078 – 11
Designation: 195/98
Standard Test Method for
1
Distillation Range of Volatile Organic Liquids
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1078; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the distillation range of liquids boiling between 30 and 350°C, that are
chemically stable during the distillation process, by manual or automatic distillation procedures.
1.2 This test method is applicable to organic liquids such as hydrocarbons, oxygenated compounds, chemical intermediates, and
blends thereof.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4For1.4 For purposes of determining conformance of an observed or a calculated value using this test method to relevant
specifications, test result(s) shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification
limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.5 For hazard information and guidance, see the supplier’s Material Safety Data Sheet.
1.6
1.6 Warning—Mercury has been designated by EPA and many state agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central
nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution
should be taken when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet
(MSDS) for details and EPA’s website (http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm) for additional information. Users should be aware
that selling mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, in your state may be prohibited by state law.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Section 7.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Atmospheric Pressure
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
E133 Specification for Distillation Equipment
E299 Test Method for Trace Amounts of Peroxides In Organic Solvents
2.2 ASTM Adjuncts:
3
Determination of Precision and Bias for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and Lubricants
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 initial boiling point, n—thetemperatureindicatedbythedistillationthermometerattheinstantthefirstdropofcondensate
leaves the condenser tube.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.35 on Solvents, Plasticizers, and Chemical Intermediates.
Current edition approved MayNov. 15, 2005.2011. Published June 2005.December 2011. Originally approved in 1949. Last previous edition approved in 20032005 as
D1078 – 035. DOI: 10.1520/D1078-05.10.1520/D1078-11.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from ASTM International Headquarters. RequestOrder Adjunct No. ADJD6300.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D1078 – 11
3.1.2 dry point, n—the temperature indicated at the instant the last drop of liquid evaporates from the lowest point in the
distillation flask, disregarding any liquid on the side of the flask.
3.1.3 decomposition point, n—the thermometer reading that coincides with the first indications of thermal decomposition of the
liquid in the flask.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 final boil
...
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