ASTM E4-03

Standard Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines

SCOPE
1.1 These practices cover procedures for the force verification, by means of standard calibration devices, of tension or compression, or both, static or quasi-static testing machines (which may, or may not, have force-indicating systems). These practices are not intended to be complete purchase specifications for testing machines. Testing machines may be verified by one of the three following methods or combination thereof:
1.1.1 Use of standard weights,
1.1.2 Use of equal-arm balances and standard weights, or
1.1.3 Use of elastic calibration devices.
Note 1—These practices do not cover the verification of all types of testing machines designed to measure forces, for example, the constant-rate-of-loading type which operates on the inclined-plane principle. This type of machine may be verified as directed in the applicable appendix of Specification D 76.
1.2 The procedures of 1.1.1-1.1.3 apply to the verification of the force-indicating systems associated with the testing machine, such as a scale, dial, marked or unmarked recorder chart, digital display, etc. In all cases the buyer/owner/user must designate the force-indicating system(s) to be verified and included in the report.
1.3 Since conversion factors are not required in this practice, either inch-pound units, SI units, or metric values can be used as the standard.
1.4 Forces indicated on displays/printouts of testing machine data systems—be they instantaneous, delayed, stored, or retransmitted—which are verified with provision of 1.1.1, 1.1.2, or 1.1.3, and are within the ± % accuracy requirement, comply with Practices E4.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the application of regulatory limitation prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Aug-2003
• ICS: 19.060 - Mechanical testing
• Technical Committee: E28 - Mechanical Testing
• Drafting Committee: E28.01 - Calibration of Mechanical Testing Machines and Apparatus

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM E4-02 - Standard Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2003
• Replaced By: ASTM E4-07 - Standard Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2007
• Referred By: ASTM C1819-21 - Standard Test Method for Hoop Tensile Strength of Continuous Fiber-Reinforced Advanced Ceramic Composite Tubular Test Specimens at Ambient Temperature Using Elastomeric Inserts
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2003
• Referred By: ASTM D5528/D5528M-21 - Standard Test Method for Mode I Interlaminar Fracture Toughness of Unidirectional Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Matrix Composites
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2003
• Referred By: ASTM C297/C297M-16 - Standard Test Method for Flatwise Tensile Strength of Sandwich Constructions
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2003
• Referred By: ASTM C1469-22 - Standard Test Method for Shear Strength of Joints of Advanced Ceramics at Ambient Temperature
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2003
• Referred By: ASTM F1956-20 - Standard Specification for Rescue Carabiners
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2003
• Referred By: ASTM D3916-22 - Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Pultruded Glass-Fiber-Reinforced<brk /> Plastic Rod
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2003
• Referred By: ASTM F2256-05(2015) - Standard Test Method for Strength Properties of Tissue Adhesives in T-Peel by Tension Loading
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2003
• Referred By: ASTM F3109-23 - Standard Practice for Verification of Multi-Axis Force Measuring Platforms
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2003
• Referred By: ASTM C1624-22 - Standard Test Method for Adhesion Strength and Mechanical Failure Modes of Ceramic Coatings by Quantitative Single Point Scratch Testing
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2003
• Referred By: ASTM E1450-16 - Standard Test Method for Tension Testing of Structural Alloys in Liquid Helium
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2003
• Referred By: ASTM F3043-15 - Standard Specification for &#x201c;Twist Off&#x201d; Type Tension Control Structural Bolt/Nut/Washer Assemblies, Alloy Steel, Heat Treated, 200 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2003
• Referred By: ASTM D7446-09(2017) - Standard Specification for Structural Insulated Panel (SIP) Adhesives for Laminating Oriented Strand Board (OSB) to Rigid Cellular Polystryene Thermal Insulation Core Materials
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2003
• Referred By: ASTM C1802-23 - Standard Specification for Design, Testing, Manufacture, Selection, and Installation of Horizontal Fabricated Metal Access Hatches for Utility, Water, and Wastewater Structures
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2003

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
American Association State
Designation:E4–03 Highway and Transportation Officials Standards
AASHTO No: T67
Standard Practices for
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Force Verification of Testing Machines
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 4; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
1.1 These practices cover procedures for the force verifica- 2.1 ASTM Standards:
tion, by means of standard calibration devices, of tension or D 76 Specification for Tensile Testing Machines for Tex-
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compression, or both, static or quasi-static testing machines tiles
(which may, or may not, have force-indicating systems).These E 74 Practice for Calibration of Force Measuring Instru-
practices are not intended to be complete purchase specifica- ments for Verifying the Force Indication of Testing Ma-
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tionsfortestingmachines.Testingmachinesmaybeverifiedby chines
one of the three following methods or combination thereof: E 467 Practice for Verification of Constant Amplitude Dy-
1.1.1 Use of standard weights, namic Loads on Displacements in an Axial Load Fatigue
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1.1.2 Use of equal-arm balances and standard weights, or Testing System
1.1.3 Use of elastic calibration devices.
3. Terminology
NOTE 1—These practices do not cover the verification of all types of
3.1 Definitions:
testing machines designed to measure forces, for example, the constant-
3.1.1 testing machine (force-measuring type)—a mechani-
rate-of-loading type which operates on the inclined-plane principle. This
cal device for applying a force to a specimen.
type of machine may be verified as directed in the applicable appendix of
Specification D 76.
3.1.1.1 portable testing machine (force-measuring type)—a
device specifically designed to be moved from place to place
1.2 Theproceduresof1.1.1-1.1.3applytotheverificationof
and for applying a force (load) to a specimen.
the force-indicating systems associated with the testing ma-
3.1.2 tension testing machine, CRT (constant-rate-
chine,suchasascale,dial,markedorunmarkedrecorderchart,
oftraverse)—amechanicaldeviceforapplyingaload(force)to
digital display, etc. In all cases the buyer/owner/user must
a specimen and in which the force is measured by means of a
designate the force-indicating system(s) to be verified and
pendulum.
included in the report.
3.1.3 force—in the case of testing machines, a force mea-
1.3 Since conversion factors are not required in this prac-
sured in units such as pound-force, newton, or kilogram-force.
tice, either inch-pound units, SI units, or metric values can be
3.1.3.1 Discussion—The pound-force is that force which
used as the standard.
acting on a 1-lb mass will give to it an acceleration of 9.80665
1.4 Forces indicated on displays/printouts of testing ma-
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m/s (32.1740 ft/s ). The newton is that force which acting on
chine data systems—be they instantaneous, delayed, stored, or
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a 1-kg mass will give to it an acceleration of 1 m/s .
retransmitted—which are verified with provisions of 1.1.1,
3.1.4 accuracy—the specified permissible variation from
1.1.2, or 1.1.3, and are within the 61 % accuracy requirement,
the correct value.Atesting machine is said to be accurate if the
comply with Practices E 4.
indicated force is within the specified permissible variation
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
from the actual force.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.4.1 Discussion—In these methods the word “accurate”
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
applied to a testing machine is used without numerical values,
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
for example, “An accurate testing machine was used for the
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
investigation.”Theaccuracyofatestingmachineshouldnotbe
confused with sensitivity. For example, a testing machine
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might be very sensitive; that is, it might indicate quickly and
These practices are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E28 on
Mechanical Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E28.01 on
Calibration of Mechanical Testing Machines and Apparatus.
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Current edition approved August 10, 2003. Published September 2003. Origi- Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.01.
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nally approved in 1923. Last previous edition approved in 2002 asE4–02. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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