ASTM C55-14a
(Specification)Standard Specification for Concrete Building Brick
Standard Specification for Concrete Building Brick
ABSTRACT
This specification covers solid, dry-cast, concrete building brick intended for interior and exterior use in constructing structural masonry, and are made from portland cement, water, and suitable mineral aggregates with or without the inclusion of other materials. Materials to be used in the manufacture of brick include Portland cement, limestone, hydraulic cement, pozzolan, blast furnace slag cement, aggregates, and other constituents like air-entraining agents, coloring pigments, integral water repellents, and finely ground silica. All units shall be sound and free of cracks or other defects that interfere with the proper placement of the units or significantly impair the strength or permanence of the construction.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers solid, dry-cast, concrete building brick intended for interior and exterior use in constructing structural masonry, and are made from portland cement, water, and suitable mineral aggregates with or without the inclusion of other materials.
Note 1: Specification C1634 addresses concrete facing brick used in facing applications and other exposures (previously referred to in earlier editions of this standard as Grade N—for use as architectural veneer and facing units in exterior walls and for use where high-strength and resistance to moisture penetration and severe frost action are desired). This specification differs from C1634 in that it addresses properties for concrete building brick used in non-facing, utilitarian applications (previously referred to in earlier editions of this specification as Grade S—for general use where moderate strength and resistance to frost action and moisture penetration are required).
1.2 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
Note 2: Concrete building brick covered by this specification are made from lightweight or normal weight aggregates, or both.
Note 3: When particular features are desired, such as density classification, high compressive strength, surface textures for appearance or bond, finish, color, fire resistance, insulation, acoustical properties, or other special features, such properties should be specified separately by the purchaser. Suppliers should be consulted as to the availability of concrete building brick having the desired features.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
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Designation:C55 −14a
Standard Specification for
Concrete Building Brick
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C55; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This specification covers solid, dry-cast, concrete build-
C33 Specification for Concrete Aggregates
ing brick intended for interior and exterior use in constructing
C140 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Concrete
structural masonry, and are made from portland cement, water,
Masonry Units and Related Units
and suitable mineral aggregates with or without the inclusion
C150 Specification for Portland Cement
of other materials.
C331 Specification for LightweightAggregates for Concrete
NOTE 1—Specification C1634 addresses concrete facing brick used in
Masonry Units
facing applications and other exposures (previously referred to in earlier
C426 Test Method for Linear Drying Shrinkage of Concrete
editions of this standard as Grade N—for use as architectural veneer and
Masonry Units
facing units in exterior walls and for use where high-strength and
C595 Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements
resistancetomoisturepenetrationandseverefrostactionaredesired).This
specificationdiffersfromC1634inthatitaddressespropertiesforconcrete C618 Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined
building brick used in non-facing, utilitarian applications (previously
Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete
referred to in earlier editions of this specification as Grade S—for general
C989 Specification for Slag Cement for Use in Concrete and
use where moderate strength and resistance to frost action and moisture
Mortars
penetration are required).
C1157 Performance Specification for Hydraulic Cement
1.2 The text of this specification references notes and
C1232 Terminology of Masonry
footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and
C1634 Specification for Concrete Facing Brick
footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be
3. Terminology
considered as requirements of the standard.
3.1 Terminology defined in Terminology C1232 shall apply
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
for this specification.
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
information only.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 concrete building brick, n—a concrete masonry unit,
NOTE 2—Concrete building brick covered by this specification are
with a maximum width of four (4) inches and of a weight that
made from lightweight or normal weight aggregates, or both.
will typically permit it to be lifted and placed with one hand,
NOTE 3—When particular features are desired, such as density
that is manufactured for general use in non-facing, utilitarian
classification, high compressive strength, surface textures for appearance
or bond, finish, color, fire resistance, insulation, acoustical properties, or applications.
other special features, such properties should be specified separately by
3.2.2 concrete facing brick, n—a concrete masonry unit,
the purchaser. Suppliers should be consulted as to the availability of
with a maximum width of four (4) inches and of a weight that
concrete building brick having the desired features.
will typically permit it to be lifted and placed with one hand,
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
that is manufactured to be typically used in an application
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
where one or more faces of the unit is intended to be exposed.
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
and are not considered standard.
4. Materials and Manufacture
4.1 Cementitious Materials—Materials shall conform to the
following applicable specifications:
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C15 on
Manufactured Masonry Units and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
C15.03 on Concrete Masonry Units and Related Units. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2014. Published January 2015. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1924. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as C55 – 14. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/C0055-14A. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
C55−14a
4.1.1 Portland Cement—Specification C150. 5.2 At the time of delivery to the purchaser, the total linear
4.1.2 Modified Portland Cement—Portland cement con- drying shrinkage of units shall not exceed 0.065 % when tested
forming to Specification C150, modified as follows: in accordance with Test Method C426.
4.1.2.1 Limestone—Calcium carbonate, with a minimum
NOTE 4—The purchaser is the public body or authority, association,
85 % CaCO content, is permitted to be added to the cement,
corporation, partnership, or individual entering into a contract or agree-
provided these requirements of Specification C150 as modified
ment to purchase or install, or both, concrete building brick. The time of
delivery to the purchaser is FOB plant when the purchaser or the
are met:
purchaser’s agent transports the concrete building brick, or at the time
(1) Limitation on Insoluble Residue—1.5 %.
unloaded at the worksite if the manufacturer or the manufacturer’s agent
(2) Limitation on Air Content of Mortar—Volume percent,
transports the concrete building brick.
22 % max.
(3) Limitation on Loss on Ignition—7%.
6. Dimensions and Permissible Variations
4.1.3 Blended Hydraulic Cements—Specification C595.
6.1 No overall dimension (width, height, and length) shall
4.1.4 Hydraulic Cement—Specification C1157.
differ by more than 6 ⁄8 in. (3.2 mm) from the specified
4.1.5 Pozzolans—Specification C618.
standard dimensions.
4.1.6 Blast Furnace Slag Cement—Specification C989.
NOTE 5—Standard dimensions of concrete building brick are the
4.2 Aggregates—Aggregates shall conform to the following
manufacturer’s designated dimensions. Nominal dimensions of modular
specifications, except that grading requirements shall not
size concrete building brick are equal to the standard dimensions plus the
necessarily apply:
thickness of one mortar joint. Nominal dimensions of nonmodular size
1 1
concretebuildingbrickusuallyexceedthestandarddimensionsby ⁄8to ⁄4
4.2.1 Normal Weight Aggregates—Specification C33.
in. (3.2 to 6.4 mm).
4.2.2 Lightweight Aggregates—Specification C331.
6.2
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C55 − 14 C55 − 14a
Standard Specification for
Concrete Building Brick
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C55; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers solid, dry-cast, concrete building brick intended for interior and exterior use in constructing
structural masonry, and are made from portland cement, water, and suitable mineral aggregates with or without the inclusion of
other materials.
NOTE 1—Specification C1634 addresses concrete facing brick used in facing applications and other exposures (previously referred to in earlier editions
of this standard as Grade N—for use as architectural veneer and facing units in exterior walls and for use where high-strength and resistance to moisture
penetration and severe frost action are desired). This specification differs from C1634 in that it addresses properties for concrete building brick used in
non-facing, utilitarian applications (previously referred to in earlier editions of this specification as Grade S—for general use where moderate strength
and resistance to frost action and moisture penetration are required).
1.2 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
only.
NOTE 2—Concrete building brick covered by this specification are made from lightweight or normal weight aggregates, or both.
NOTE 3—When particular features are desired, such as density classification, high compressive strength, surface textures for appearance or bond, finish,
color, fire resistance, insulation, acoustical properties, or other special features, such properties should be specified separately by the purchaser. Suppliers
should be consulted as to the availability of concrete building brick having the desired features.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C33 Specification for Concrete Aggregates
C140 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Concrete Masonry Units and Related Units
C150 Specification for Portland Cement
C331 Specification for Lightweight Aggregates for Concrete Masonry Units
C426 Test Method for Linear Drying Shrinkage of Concrete Masonry Units
C595 Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements
C618 Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete
C989 Specification for Slag Cement for Use in Concrete and Mortars
C1157 Performance Specification for Hydraulic Cement
C1232 Terminology of Masonry
C1634 Specification for Concrete Facing Brick
3. Terminology
3.1 Terminology defined in Terminology C1232 shall apply for this specification.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C15 on Manufactured Masonry Units and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C15.03 on
Concrete Masonry Units and Related Units.
Current edition approved July 1, 2014Dec. 1, 2014. Published August 2014January 2015. Originally approved in 1924. Last previous edition approved in 20112014 as
C55 – 11.C55 – 14. DOI: 10.1520/C0055-14.10.1520/C0055-14A.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
C55 − 14a
3.2.1 concrete building brick, n—a concrete masonry unit, with a maximum width of four (4) inches and of a weight that will
typically permit it to be lifted and placed with one hand, that is manufactured for general use in non-facing, utilitarian applications.
3.2.2 concrete facing brick, n—a concrete masonry unit, with a maximum width of four (4) inches and of a weight that will
typically permit it to be lifted and placed with one hand, that is manufactured to be typically used in an application where one or
more faces of the unit is intended to be exposed.
4. Materials and Manufacture
4.1 Cementitious Materials—Materials shall conform to the following applicable specifications:
4.1.1 Portland Cement—Specification C150.
4.1.2 Modified Portland Cement—Portland cement conforming to Specification C150, modified as follows:
4.1.2.1 Limestone—Calcium carbonate, with a minimum 85 % CaCO content, is permitted to be added to the cement, provided
these requirements of Specification C150 as modified are met:
(1) Limitation on Insoluble Residue—1.5 %.
(2) Limitation on Air Content of Mortar—Volume percent, 22 % max.
(3) Limitation on Loss on Ignition—7 %.
4.1.3 Blended Hydraulic Cements—Specification C595.
4.1.4 Hydraulic Cement—Specification C1157.
4.1.5 Pozzolans—Specification C618.
4.1.6 Blast Furnace Slag Cement—Specification C989.
4.2 Aggregates—Aggregates shall conform to the following specifications, except that grading requirements shall not
necessarily apply:
4.2.1 Normal Weight Aggregates—Specification C33.
4.2.2 Lightweight Aggregates—Specification C331.
4.3 Other Constituents—Air-entraining agents, coloring pigments, integral water repellents, finely ground silica, and other
constituents shall be previously established as suitable for use in concrete masonry units and shall conform to applicable ASTM
standards or shall be shown by test or experience not to be detrimental to the durability of the concrete masonry units or any
material customarily used in masonry construction.
5. Physical Requirements
5.1 At the time of delivery to the purchaser, units shall conform to the physical requirements prescribed in Table 1. All units
shall be sound and free of cracks or other defects that interfere with the proper placement of the units or significantly impair the
strength or permanence of the construction. Minor cracks incidental to the usual method of manufacture or minor chipping
resulting from customary methods of handling in shipment and delivery are not grounds for rejection.
5.1.1 When higher compressive strengths than those listed in Table 1 are specified, the tested average net area compressive
strength of three units shall equal or exceed the spe
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