ASTM E1132-21
(Practice)Standard Practice for Health Requirements Relating to Occupational Exposure to Respirable Crystalline Silica
Standard Practice for Health Requirements Relating to Occupational Exposure to Respirable Crystalline Silica
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These practices and criteria were developed for occupational exposures. They are intended to (1) protect against clinical disease from exposure to respirable crystalline silica, (2) be measurable by techniques that are valid, reproducible, and readily available, and (3) be attainable with existing technology and protective practices.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers a description of several actions that should be taken to reduce the risk of harmful occupational exposures to humans in environments containing respirable crystalline silica. This practice is intended for, but not limited to, industries regulated by the U.S. Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) and the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). A separate practice designed for the unique conditions of the construction industry has been designated Practice E2625.
1.2 Nothing in this practice shall be interpreted as requiring any action that violates any statute or requirement of any federal, state, or other regulatory agency.
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E1132 − 21
Standard Practice for
Health Requirements Relating to Occupational Exposure to
1
Respirable Crystalline Silica
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1132; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
Silicondioxide(silica,SiO )isencounteredinnatureandindustryinawidevarietyofforms.These
2
range from essentially anhydrous types with or without a very high degree of crystallinity, to highly
hydroxylated or hydrated types which are amorphous by X-ray diffraction examination. Crystalline
2
silica exists in a number of forms or polymorphs. The three major forms, quartz, cristobalite, and
tridymite, pertain to this practice. Quartz (or alpha quartz) is the more common form encountered as
airborne particulates. Two of the polymorphs, cristobalite and tridymite, are formed at elevated
temperatures and are much less common in nature, but might be encountered in several occupations
3
where silicas are fired (calcined) at high temperatures. These silica materials have a broad range of
physical and chemical properties.
1. Scope* responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
1.1 This practice covers a description of several actions that
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
should be taken to reduce the risk of harmful occupational
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
exposures to humans in environments containing respirable
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
crystalline silica. This practice is intended for, but not limited
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
to, industries regulated by the U.S. Mine Safety and Health
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
Administration (MSHA) and the U.S. Occupational Safety and
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Health Administration (OSHA). A separate practice designed
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
for the unique conditions of the construction industry has been
designated Practice E2625.
2. Referenced Documents
1.2 Nothing in this practice shall be interpreted as requiring
4
2.1 ASTM Standards:
any action that violates any statute or requirement of any
D4532 Test Method for Respirable Dust in Workplace At-
federal, state, or other regulatory agency.
mospheres Using Cyclone Samplers
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded
E1542 Terminology Relating to Occupational Health and
as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in
Safety
this standard.
E2625 Practice for Controlling Occupational Exposure to
Respirable Crystalline Silica for Construction and Demo-
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
lition Activities
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
5
2.2 ANSI Standards:
ANSI/AIHA Z9.2 Fundamentals Governing the Design and
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E34 on Occupa- Operation of Local Exhaust Ventilation Systems
tional Health and Safety and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E34.80 on
ANSI Z9.7 Recirculation of Air from Industrial Process
Industrial Heath.
Exhaust Systems
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2021. Published November 2021. Originally
approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as E1132 – 13. DOI:
10.1520/E1132-21.
2 4
Smith, D. K., “Opal, Cristobalite, and Tridymite: Noncrystallinity versus For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Crystallinity, Nomenclature of the Silica Minerals and Bibliography,” Powder contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Diffraction, Vol 13, 1998, pp. 1–18. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
3
Miles, W. J., “Crystalline Silica Analysis of Wyoming Bentonite by X-ray the ASTM website.
5
Diffraction After Phosphoric Acid Digestion,” Analytical Chemistry Acta, Vol 286, Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
1994, pp. 97–105. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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E1132 − 21
ANSI Z88.2 American Nation
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: E1132 − 13 E1132 − 21
Standard Practice for
Health Requirements Relating to Occupational Exposure to
1
Respirable Crystalline Silica
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1132; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Appendix X1 editorially corrected in August 2013.
INTRODUCTION
Silicon dioxide (silica, SiO ) is encountered in nature and industry in a wide variety of forms. These
2
range from essentially anhydrous types with or without a very high degree of crystallinity, to highly
hydroxylated or hydrated types which are amorphous by x-rayX-ray diffraction examination.
2
Crystalline silica exists in a number of forms or polymorphs. The three major forms, quartz,
cristobalite, and tridymite, pertain to this practice. Quartz (or alpha quartz) is the more common form
encountered as airborne particulates. Two of the polymorphs, cristobalite and tridymite, are formed at
elevated temperatures and are much less common in nature, but might be encountered in several
3
occupations where silicas are fired (calcined) at high temperatures. These silica materials have a
broad range of physical and chemical properties.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This practice covers a description of several actions that should be taken to reduce the risk of harmful occupational exposures
to humans in environments containing respirable crystalline silica. This practice is intended for, but not limited to, industries
regulated by the U.S. Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) and the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health
Administration (OSHA). A separate practice,practice designed for the unique conditions of the construction industry has been
designated Practice E2625.
1.2 Nothing in this practice shall be interpreted as requiring any action that violates any statute or requirement of any federal, state,
or other regulatory agency.
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E34 on Occupational Health and Safety and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E34.80 on Industrial
Heath.
Current edition approved July 1, 2013Nov. 1, 2021. Published July 2013November 2021. Originally approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 20062013 as
E1132 - 06.E1132 – 13. DOI: 10.1520/E1132-13E01.10.1520/E1132-21.
2
Smith, DeaneD. K., Opal, cristobalite,“Opal, Cristobalite, and tridymite:Tridymite: Noncrystallinity versus crystallinity, nomenclatureCrystallinity, Nomenclature of the
silica mineralsSilica Minerals and bibliography,Bibliography,” Powder Diffraction, Vol 13, 1998, pp. 1–18.
3
Miles, W. J., Crystalline silica analysis“Crystalline Silica Analysis of Wyoming bentoniteBentonite by X-ray diffraction after phosphoric acid digestion,Diffraction After
Phosphoric Acid Digestion,” Analytical Chemistry Acta, Vol 286, 1994, pp. 97–105.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E1132 − 21
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. It is the responsibility of the user to consult all material safety data sheets and
labels pertaining to any hazardous materials used in this standard.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
4
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D4532 Test Method for Respirable Dust in Workplace Atmospheres Using Cyclone Samplers
E1542 Terminology Relating to Occupational Health and Safety
E2625 Practice for Controlling Occupational Exposure to Respirable Crystalline Silica for Construction and Demolition
A
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