ASTM F1731-96(2013)
(Practice)Standard Practice for Body Measurements and Sizing of Fire and Rescue Services Uniforms and Other Thermal Hazard Protective Clothing
Standard Practice for Body Measurements and Sizing of Fire and Rescue Services Uniforms and Other Thermal Hazard Protective Clothing
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Sizing is a critical factor that must be considered when selecting and using protective clothing. Properly sized garments add to the safety and performance of wearer by not restricting movement. A work uniform that restricts movement or exposes skin to hazardous environments will result in lost efficiency and may promote injury.
5.2 In those cases where work uniforms become an element of a multi-layered protective ensemble, it is essential that uniform fit does not restrict the wearer's movements or interfere with the fit and use of other safety related clothing and equipment.
5.3 This practice can be used for selecting the proper size and fit of work uniforms for fire and rescue personnel and personnel in other occupations where hazardous thermal exposures may exist.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice is intended to assist in size selection of work uniforms for fire and rescue services personnel and workers who may be exposed to thermal hazards. Work uniform ensembles consist of a shirt and trouser apparel combination.
1.2 This practice is applicable to uniforms for both male and female personnel.
1.3 This practice provides a standard means for measuring human body dimensions for the selection and ordering shirts and trousers.
1.4 This practice provides a means for evaluating the fit of selected uniform sizes.
1.5 This practice provides a standard list of textile and apparel terminology specific to the clothing industry which is used in determining size and fit of garments. This vocabulary will be useful in communications between buyers and sellers.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The inch-pound equivalents given in parentheses are for information only and may be approximate.
1.7 This standard is not intended for use in evaluating the fire resistive performance or durability of work uniforms. In addition, this practice does not provide a means to quantify the likelihood of human injuries that may be related to the fit of uniforms or protective clothing.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Note 1.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation: F1731 − 96 (Reapproved 2013)
Standard Practice for
Body Measurements and Sizing of Fire and Rescue Services
Uniforms and Other Thermal Hazard Protective Clothing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1731; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
The selection of proper uniform size is important to fit and appearance for all users, but more
importantly, it relates directly to garment function. In certain occupations, such as fire and rescue
services,properfitandfunctionrelatesdirectlytotheindividual’sabilitytoperformjobsthatareoften
hazardous. Issues of proper fit are directly associated with the risk of injury. A work uniform that
restricts movement or exposes the skin to hazardous environments will result in lost efficiency and
may promote injury and illness. Proper sizing is a factor in the ability of a person to perform tasks that
often involve life or death situations. A work uniform must also fit well to function properly when
additional outer protective garments and safety equipment are worn.
This practice establishes a standard method for measuring body dimensions pertinent to the
determination of a garment size which provides good fit. It also presents issues critical to garment size
selection as it relates to fit. Functional methods are provided for determining proper fit of a uniform.
Information is provided on garment shrinkage which results from the clothing being laundered.
Maternity wear and unique sizing issues are addressed.
1. Scope used in determining size and fit of garments. This vocabulary
will be useful in communications between buyers and sellers.
1.1 This practice is intended to assist in size selection of
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
work uniforms for fire and rescue services personnel and
workers who may be exposed to thermal hazards. Work standard. The inch-pound equivalents given in parentheses are
for information only and may be approximate.
uniform ensembles consist of a shirt and trouser apparel
combination.
1.7 This standard is not intended for use in evaluating the
fire resistive performance or durability of work uniforms. In
1.2 Thispracticeisapplicabletouniformsforbothmaleand
addition, this practice does not provide a means to quantify the
female personnel.
likelihood of human injuries that may be related to the fit of
1.3 This practice provides a standard means for measuring
uniforms or protective clothing.
human body dimensions for the selection and ordering shirts
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the
and trousers.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1.4 This practice provides a means for evaluating the fit of
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
selected uniform sizes.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
1.5 This practice provides a standard list of textile and
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau-
apparel terminology specific to the clothing industry which is
tionary statements are given in Note 1.
1.9 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F23 on Personal
Protective Clothing and Equipment and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
F23.60 on Human Factors.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
Current edition approved July 1, 2013. Published July 2013. Originally approved
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as F1731 - 96 (2008). DOI:
10.1520/F1731-96R13. Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F1731 − 96 (2013)
2. Referenced Documents 3.1.8 cervical, n—in body measurements, the most promi-
2 nent bone at the base of the neck.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
3.1.9 chest, n—in garment construction, a measurement
D5219 Terminology Relating to Body Dimensions for Ap- taken from below each armhole seam straight across the
parel Sizing
garment while it is laid flat.
F1154 Practices for Qualitatively Evaluating the Comfort,
3.1.10 chest girth, n— in body measurements, the circum-
Fit, Function, and Durability of Protective Ensembles and
ference of the body over the shoulder blades, under the arms
Ensemble Components
and across the upper chest. (See bust girth.)
2.2 AATCC Standards:
3.1.10.1 Discussion—A circumference measurement made
AATCC 96 Dimensional Changes in Laundering of Woven
around the fullest part of the chest keeping the tape parallel to
and Knitted Textiles Except Wool
the floor.
AATCC 135 Dimensional Changes in Automatic Home
3.1.11 crotch, n—in anatomy, the body area adjacent to the
Laundering of Woven and Knit Fabrics
vertex of the included angle between the legs.
AATCC 158 Dimensional Changes in Dry-Cleaning in Per-
chloroethylene: Machine Method
3.1.12 cuff, n—in garment construction, a finished edge at
2.3 NFPA Standards:
the end of either a garment sleeve or trouser leg created by
NFPA 1975 Standard on Station/Work Uniforms for Fire
turning back or rolling up and stitching the fabric.
Fighters
3.1.12.1 Discussion—Long sleeve shirts usually have an
NFPA1977 Standard on Protective Clothing and Equipment
extended cuff which is a band of fabric stitched to the lower
for Wildland Fire Fighting
edge of the sleeve. The most common long sleeve shirt cuff is
the barrel cuff which is a straight cuff stitched to form an
3. Terminology
open-band that laps and buttons at the wrist.Atrouser leg cuff
3.1 Definitions: Definitions are provided to assist the user in
is formed by producing a deep hem which may require over
understanding the language of human body measurements. In
100 mm (4 in.) of fabric. Simple hems may also be used to
addition, other definitions have been added that are used by the
finish trouser legs. (See hem.)
apparel industry to identify garment designs, patterns and
3.1.13 ease, n—in garment construction, the difference
issues of fit.
between garment measurement and body measurement.
3.1.1 armhole, n—in garments construction, the area of a
3.1.13.1 Discussion—There are primarily two types of ease,
garment through which the arm passes or into which a sleeve
wearing ease and design ease. Wearing or comfort ease, which
is fitted. (See armscye.)
allowsforbodyflexingandmovement,dependsonagarment’s
3.1.2 armscye, n—in garment construction, the opening in a
standard for fit. Wearing ease relates to fit of a garment that
garment for the attachment of a fitted sleeve. (See armhole.)
does not impede the wearer from performing any function that
3.1.3 back waist length, n—in body measurements, the
requires dynamic movement. The amount of material added to
vertical distance along the spine from the cervical to the waist.
a garment that exceeds human body measurements, to make
garments more comfortable and to allow for human mobility.
3.1.4 bartack, n—in garment construction, a reinforcement
Designorstyleeaseincludes,inadditiontowearingease,what
at points of strain.
is built into a style to provide the look the designer wants.
3.1.4.1 Discussion—This reinforcement point may consist
of a bar-shaped line of small threads worked across several
3.1.14 elbow, n—in anatomy, the joint that articulates be-
threads.
tween the upper arm and the lower arm.
3.1.5 body dimension, n—in garment construction, a body
3.1.15 fabric, n—in textiles, a planar structure consisting of
measurement which can be used to build a sizing system or to
yarns or fibers.
select an appropriately sized garment.
3.1.16 fit,n—thequality,stateormannerinwhichthelength
3.1.6 body measurement, n—in anthropometry, a standard-
and closeness of clothing, when worn, relates to the human
ized distance between two specified points on the human
body.
anatomy.
3.1.17 garment, n—an article of clothing used to cover the
3.1.7 bust girth, n—in body measurements, the circumfer-
body.
ence of the body over the fullest part of the breasts and parallel
, a circumferential
to the floor. (See chest girth.) 3.1.18 girth, n—in body measurements
measurement around some part of the body, such as neck,
chest, waist, etc.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3.1.19 hem, n—in garment construction, a simple finish in
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
which the raw fabric edge is turned under and stitched to a
the ASTM website.
3 garment. (See cuff.)
Available from American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists
(AATCC), P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, http://
3.1.20 hip, n—in anatomy, the laterally projecting region
www.aatcc.org.
formed by the lateral parts of the pelvis and the upper part of
Available from National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), 1 Batterymarch
Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471, http://www.nfpa.org. the femur together with the flesh covering them.
F1731 − 96 (2013)
3.1.21 hip girth, n—in body measurements, the maximum 3.1.37 sleeve length, n—in body measurements, from center
circumference of the body at the level of maximum promi- of cervical across back and around outside of bent arm, to
nence of the buttocks. below wrist bone and above hand.
3.1.22 inseam, n—in garment construction, with the trou-
3.1.38 sleeve length, n—in garment construction, a mea-
sers folded by mating the inside leg seams, measure from
surement from center of shirt’s back below collar band along
center of crotch to bottom edge of trouser’s leg or cuff.
the sleeve to the end of the sleeve or cuff.
3.1.23 inseam length, n—in body measurements, from cen-
3.1.39 station/work uniform, n—a nonprimary protective
ter of crotch to 25.4 mm (1 in.) below top of the shoe.
clothing ensemble consisting of a shirt and pants that is
3.1.24 knee, n—in anatomy, the joint between the lower and intended to be worn by members of the fire and rescue services
while on duty.
upper leg.
3.1.25 maternity wear, n—clothing worn during pregnancy.
3.1.40 thigh, n—in garment construction, with trouser leg
laid out flat, measure from crotch seam straight across to leg
3.1.26 neck base girth, n—in body measurements, the cir-
side seam.
cumference of the neck over the cervical at the back and at the
top of the collar bone at the front.
3.1.41 thigh girth, n— in body measurements, the maximum
3.1.27 neck girth, n—in garment construction, with shirt circumference of the upper leg close to the crotch.
open in front and collar fully extended and laid out flat, 5
3.1.42 torso, n—the human trunk.
measurefromcenterofcollarbuttontothefarendofthebutton
3.1.43 torso, n—in garment construction, a measurement
hole.
from center of neck to end of shirttail.
3.1.28 placket, n—in garment construction, a finished gar-
3.1.44 total crotch length, n—in body measurements, the
ment opening that is usually dependent on mechanical devices
distance from the waist level at center front through the crotch
called closures to secure the opening.
to the waist level at center back.
3.1.28.1 Discussion—In shirt construction, a placket usually
forms the front opening that may extend from the collar band’s
3.1.45 trousers, n, pl—an outer garment extending from the
lower edge to the bottom edge of the shirt’s hem. When the
waist to the ankle covering each leg separately. (Syn. pants.)
shirt is worn, the placket is generally overlapped and fastened
3.1.46 trouser back rise, n—in garment construction,a
by buttons. Plackets are normally designed into garments to
measurement from the crotch seam to bottom edge of waist-
make them easy to don. Fasteners used in placket closures are
band at center of the back.
buttons, button holes, zippers, hooks, snaps, and other devices
used to open, close, and secure garments. 3.1.47 trouser front rise, n—in garment construction,a
measurement from the crotch seam to the bottom edge of
3.1.29 protective clothing, n—an article of clothing used for
waistband at center front.
isolating the human body or parts of the human body from a
potential hazard.
3.1.48 trouser hips, n— in garment construction, the gar-
ments circumference measured at the bottom of pockets or
3.1.30 shirt, n—a cloth garment for the upper part of the
bartack on fly.
body made of either woven or knitted fabric usually having
sleeves, a neck opening, a front opening and a tail long enough
3.1.49 trouser waist, n—in garment construction, with trou-
to be tucked inside trousers or skirt.
sers folded in half by the crease or mating the leg inseams,
3.1.31 shirt back length, n—in garment construction,a measure across waist-band’s width and double the measure-
measurement centered below the collar band to bottom edge of ment.
shirttail.
3.1.50 waist, n—in anatomy, the part of the body at the
3.1.32 shirt front length, n—in garment construction,a
location between the lowest rib and hip identified by bending
measurement from the placket top, below the collar band to the
the body to the side.
bottom edge of the shirt’s hem in front.
3.1.51 waist girth, n— in body measurements, the circum-
3.1.33 shirt sides, n— in garment construction, a measure-
ference of the waist immediately below the lowest rib.
ment of length from below armhole to the bottom hem.
3.1.51.1 Discussion—Circumference around the body
3.1.34 shrinkage, n—a decrease in one or more dimensions
where the trouser waistband would normally be worn.
of an object or material.
3.1.52 wrist, n—in anatomy, the joint which articulates
3.1.35 shrink, vt—to cause to contract, to compact cloth by
between the end of the lower arm and the hand.
causing to contract when subjected to washing, boiling, steam-
3.1.53 wrist girth, n— in body measurements, the circum-
ing or other processes.
ference over the prominence of the inner and outer forearm
3.1.36 size, n—oneofaseriesofgraduatedmeasurementsin
bones.
manufactured articles of clothing conventionally identified by
3.1.53.1 Discussion—Circumference around the largest part
numbers, letters, or words.
of the wrist.
3.2 Other definitions relative to this practice can be found in
Webster’s New Collegiate Dictionary, 1977. Terminology D123 and D5219.
F1731 − 96 (2013)
4. Summa
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