ASTM B247-00
(Specification)Standard Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Die Forgings, Hand Forgings, and Rolled Ring Forgings
Standard Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Die Forgings, Hand Forgings, and Rolled Ring Forgings
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers aluminum-alloy (Note 1) die forgings, hand forgings, and rolled ring forgings as shown in Tables 2, 3, and 4 and in Section 10 for heat-treatable alloy forgings supplied in the F and 01 tempers. The maximum thicknesses for forgings within the scope of this specification are as indicated in those tables. Note 1-Throughout this specification use of the term alloy in the general sense includes aluminum as well as aluminum alloy. Note 2-For forging stock supplied as rolled or cold-finished bar or rod see Specification B211. For forging stock supplied as extruded bar or rod see Specification B221.
1.2 Alloy and temper designations are in accordance with ANSI H35.1. The equivalent Unified Numbering System alloy designations are those of Table 1 preceded by A9, for example, A91100 for aluminum 1100 in accordance with Practice E527.
1.3 For acceptance criteria for inclusion of new aluminum and aluminum alloys in this specification, see Annex A2.
1.4 A complete metric standard to Specification B247 has been developed-Specification B247M; therefore, no metric equivalents are presented in this specification.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Please contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: B 247 – 00
Standard Specification for
Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Die Forgings, Hand
Forgings, and Rolled Ring Forgings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 247; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (ϵ) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* B 597 Practice for Heat Treatment of Aluminum Alloys
2 B 660 Practices for Packaging/Packing of Aluminum and
1.1 This specification covers aluminum-alloy (Note 1) die
Magnesium Products
forgings, hand forgings, and rolled ring forgings as shown in
E10 Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materi-
Tables 1-3 and in Section 10 for heat-treatable alloy forgings
als
supplied in the F and 01 tempers. The maximum thicknesses
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
for forgings within the scope of this specification are as
Determine Conformance with Specifications
indicated in those tables.
E34 Test Methods for ChemicalAnalysis ofAluminum and
NOTE 1—Throughout this specification use of the term alloy in the 6
Aluminum Base Alloys
general sense includes aluminum as well as aluminum alloy.
E55 PracticeforSamplingWroughtNonferrousMetalsand
NOTE 2—For forging stock supplied as rolled or cold-finished bar or
Alloys for Determination of Chemical Composition
rod see Specification B 211. For forging stock supplied as extruded bar or
E 165 Practice for Liquid Penetrant Examination
rod see Specification B 221.
E 227 Test Method for Optical Emission Spectrometric
1.2 Alloy and temper designations are in accordance with
Analysis of Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys by the
ANSI H35.1. The equivalent Unified Numbering System alloy
Point-to-Plane Technique
designations are those ofTable 4 preceded byA9, for example,
E 527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS)
A91100 for aluminum 1100 in accordance with Practice
E 607 Test Method for Optical Emission Spectrometric
E 527E 527.
Analysis of Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys by the
1.3 For acceptance criteria for inclusion of new aluminum
Point-to-Plane Technique, Nitrogen Atmosphere
and aluminum alloys in this specification, see Annex A2.
E 716 Practices for Sampling Aluminum and Aluminum
1.4 A complete metric standard to Specification B 247 has
Alloys for Spectrochemical Analysis
been developed—Specification B 247M; therefore, no metric
E 1004 Test Method for Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current)
equivalents are presented in this specification.
Measurements of Electrical Conductivity
E 1251 Test Method for Optical Emission Spectrometric
2. Referenced Documents
Analysis ofAluminum andAluminumAlloys by theArgon
2.1 The following documents of the issue in effect on date
Atmosphere, Point-to-Plane, Unipolar Self-Initiating Ca-
of material purchase form a part of this specification to the
pacitor Discharge
extent referenced herein:
G47 Test Method for Determining Susceptibility to Stress-
2.2 ASTM Standards:
Corrosion Cracking of High-Strength Aluminum-Alloy
B 557 Test Methods of Tension Testing Wrought and Cast
Products
Aluminum- and Magnesium-Alloy Products
2.3 ANSI Standard:
B 594 Practice for Ultrasonic Inspection of Aluminum-
H35.1 Alloy and Temper Designation Systems for Alumi-
Alloy Wrought Products for Aerospace Applications
num
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B07 on Light
Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B07.03 on Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.
Aluminum-Alloy Wrought Products. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
Current edition approved May 10, 2000. Published August 2000. Originally Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.05.
published as B 247–50T. Last previous edition B 247–95a. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.03.
2 8
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi- Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.01.
cation SB-247 in Section II of that Code. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.06.
3 10
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.02. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.02.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Please contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
B247–00
2.4 Military Standards: 4.2.4 For rolled ring forgings, whether tension tests shall be
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage (refer- made in the radial direction (8.3.4),
enced in MIL-STD-649 and applies only to direct ship- 4.2.5 Whether it is required in tension tests that small
ments to Department of Defense agencies). elongations shall be measured by a special procedure (8.4.2),
MIL-STD-410 Nondestructive Testing Personnel Qualifica- 4.2.6 Whether heat treatment in accordance with Practice
tion and Certification (Eddy Current, Liquid Penetrant, B 597B 597 is required (9.2),
Magnetic Particle, Radiographic and Ultrasonic) 4.2.7 Whether 7075-F material shall meet the requirements
2.5 Military Specification: for T73 temper (10.3),
MIL-H-6088 Heat Treatment of Aluminum Alloys 4.2.8 Whether ultrasonic inspection is required (Section 14
2.6 Federal Standard: and Table 6),
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (CivilAgencies) 4.2.9 Whetherliquid-penetrantinspectionisrequired(15.3),
4.2.10 Whether inspection or witness of inspection and tests
3. Terminology
by the purchaser’s representative is required prior to material
3.1 Definitions:
shipment (Section 16),
3.1.1 forging—a metal part worked to a predetermined
4.2.11 Whether certification is required (Section 18),
shape by one or more processes such as hammering, upsetting,
4.2.12 Whether hand forgings shall be marked for identifi-
pressing, rolling, etc.
cation (Section 19), and
3.1.2 die forging—a forging formed to the required shape
4.2.13 Whether Practices B 660B 660 applies and, if so, the
and size by working in impression dies.
levels of preservation, packaging, and packing required (Sec-
3.1.3 blocker-type forging—a die forging made in a single
tion 20).
set of die impressions to the general contour of a finished part.
3.1.4 hand forging—a forging worked between flat or sim-
5. Materials and Manufacture
ply shaped dies by repeated strokes or blows and manipulation
5.1 The forgings may be manufactured by pressing, ham-
of the piece.
mering, or rolling at the option of the producer.
3.1.5 rolled ring forging—a cylindrical product of relatively
short height, circumferentially rolled from a hollow section.
6. Responsibility for Quality Assurance
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
6.1 Responsibility for Inspection and Tests—Unless other-
3.2.1 capable of—The term capable of as used in this
wise specified in the contract or purchase order, the producer is
specification means that the test need not be performed by the
responsible for the performance of all inspection and test
producer of the material. However, should subsequent testing
requirements specified herein. The producer may use his own
by the purchaser establish that the material does not meet the
or any other suitable facilities for the performance of the
requirements, the material shall be subject to rejection.
inspection and test requirements specified herein, unless dis-
4. Ordering Information
approvedbythepurchaserintheorderoratthetimeofcontract
signing. The purchaser shall have the right to perform any of
4.1 Orders for material to this specification shall include the
the inspection and tests set forth in this specification where
following information:
such inspections are deemed necessary to ensure that material
4.1.1 This specification designation (which includes the
conforms to prescribed requirements.
number, the year, and the revision letter, if applicable),
6.2 Lot Definition—An inspection lot shall be defined as
4.1.2 Quantity in pieces or pounds,
follows:
4.1.3 Alloy (Section 7),
6.2.1 For heat-treated tempers, an inspection lot shall con-
4.1.4 Temper (Section 8),
sist of forgings of the same shape, or a group of forgings of
4.1.5 Dimensions(Section13).Adrawingisrequiredfordie
similar size and shape, of the same alloy and heat-treated in the
forgings and for hand forgings whose shapes are not simple
same furnace charge. If forgings are heat-treated in a continu-
rectangles,
ous furnace, forgings charged consecutively during continuous
4.2 Additionally, orders for material to this specification
operation of the furnace shall be considered a furnace charge;
shall include the following information when required by the
for such forgings weighing 5 lb or less the maximum weight of
purchaser:
a lot shall be 2000 lb, and for heavier forgings it shall be 6000
4.2.1 For die forgings, whether tensile property and grain
lb.
flow survey shall be made (8.2.1.1),
6.2.2 For nonheat-treated tempers an inspection lot shall
4.2.2 For die forgings, whether tension tests are required
consist of an identifiable quantity of forgings of similar size
using specimens not parallel to the direction of grain flow and
and shape of the same alloy and temper subjected to inspection
whether such test specimens shall be prepared by a specific
at one time.
method (8.3.1),
4.2.3 For hand forgings, whether tension tests shall be made
7. Chemical Composition
in other than the long transverse and short transverse directions
(8.3.3),
7.1 Limits—The forgings shall conform to the chemical
composition limits specified in Table 4. Conformance shall be
determined by the producer by analyzing samples taken when
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D,
700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS. the ingots are poured, or samples taken from the finished or
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Please contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
B247–00
semifinished product. If the producer has determined the 8.2.1 For die forgings, hand forgings, and rolled ring forg-
chemical composition during the course of manufacture, he ings, there shall be at least one tension specimen taken from
shall not be required to sample and analyze the finished each lot (see 6.2).
product.
8.2.1.1 For die forgings, when specified, a grain-flow pat-
tern and tensile-property survey shall be made on a forging
NOTE 3—It is standard practice in the United States aluminum industry
representative of the first production parts (see 8.3.2). It shall
to determine conformance to the chemical composition limits prior to
be repeated after any major change in forging technique.
further processing of ingots into wrought products. Due to the continuous
nature of the process, it is not practical to keep a specific ingot analysis
8.3 Test Specimen:
identified with a specific quantity of finished material.
8.3.1 For die forgings, unless otherwise specified by the
purchaser at the time of placing the order, test specimens shall
7.2 Number of Samples—The number of samples taken for
be prepared with the axis of the specimen as nearly parallel to
determination of chemical composition shall be as follows:
the direction of maximum metal flow as possible, and, at the
7.2.1 When samples are taken at the time the ingots are
option of the forging producer, by one of the following
poured, at least one sample shall be taken for each group of
methods:
ingots poured simultaneously from the same source of molten
8.3.1.1 Method 1—Machined from a section of the stock
metal.
used in making the forgings.
7.2.2 When samples are taken from forgings each weighing
5 lb or less, a sample shall be taken to represent each 2000 lb 8.3.1.2 Method 2—Machined from a coupon forged from
the stock.
or fraction thereof of material in the lot.
7.2.3 When samples are taken from forgings each weighing 8.3.1.3 Method 3—Machined from a prolongation of the
forging.
more than 5 lb, a sample shall be taken to represent each 6000
lb or fraction thereof of material in the lot.
8.3.1.4 Method 4—Machined from one of the forgings in
7.3 Methods of Sampling—Samples for determination of the lot.
chemical composition shall be taken in accordance with one of
NOTE 4—Test specimens obtained by Method 1, 2, or 3 will usually
the following methods:
have different properties from those obtained by Method 4. Samples
7.3.1 Samples for chemical analysis shall be taken from the
obtained by Methods 1, 2, or 3 indicate only the general strength level of
material by drilling, sawing, milling, turning, or clipping a the forging that would be obtained with proper heat treatment.
representative piece or pieces to obtain a prepared sample not
8.3.1.5 Specimens representing heat-treated forgings shall
less than 75 g. Sampling shall be in accordance with Practice
be heat-treated with the forgings they represent or shall be
E55E55.
machined from coupons that have been so treated.
7.3.2 Sampling for spectrochemical analysis shall be in
8.3.2 If required, a die forging representative of the first
accordance with Practice E 716E 716. Samples for other meth-
production parts shall be selected after forging techniques have
ods of analysis shall be taken by methods suitable for the form
been established, and shall be tested as follows:
of material being analyzed and the type of analytical method
8.3.2.1 Tension test specimens shall be taken in two direc-
used.
tions: (1) substantially parallel to, and ( 2) not parallel to the
7.4 Methods of Analysis—The determination of chemical
forging flow lines. The locations shall be as indicated on the
composition shall be made in accordance with suitable chemi-
forgingengineeringdrawingor,ifnotindicated,fromgenerally
cal (Test Methods E 34E34) or spectrochemical (Test Methods
representative areas.
E 227, E 607, and E 1251E 227E 607E 1251) methods. Other
8.3.2.2 A sample forging shall be sectioned at the locations
methods may be used only when no published ASTM test
of the specimens, to show the grain flow.
method is available. In case of dispute, the methods of analysis
8.3.3 For hand forgings, the specimens shall be taken from
shall be agreed upon between the producer and purchaser.
a prolongation of the forgings or from a forging chosen to
represent the lot. Tests will regularly be made only in the long
8. Mechanical Properties of Material as Supplied
transverse and short transverse directions, but when r
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.