ASTM D6907-05
(Practice)Standard Practice for Sampling Soils and Contaminated Media with Hand-Operated Bucket Augers
Standard Practice for Sampling Soils and Contaminated Media with Hand-Operated Bucket Augers
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes the procedures and equipment used to collect surface and subsurface soil and contaminated media samples for chemical analysis using a hand-operated bucket auger (hereafter referred to as a bucket auger; sometimes referred to as a barrel auger). Several types of bucket augers exist and are designed for sampling various types of soil. All bucket augers collect disturbed samples, but bucket augers can also be used to auger to the desired sampling depth and then, using a core-type sampler, collect a relatively undisturbed sample.
1.2 This practice does not cover the use of large (12-in. or greater diameter) bucket augers mechanically operated by large drill rigs or similar equipment, such as those described in Practice D 1452, section 3.2.4.
1.3 The term bucket auger is used to differentiate this type of hand operated auger from others of the solid or hollow stem types that are also hand held or operated.
1.4 This practice does not address sampling objectives (see Practice D 5792), general sample planning (see Guide D 4687), sampling design (for example, where to collect samples and what depth to sample [see Guide D 6044]), sampling for volatile organic compounds (see Guide D 4547), equipment cleaning and decontamination (see Practice D 5088), sample handling after collection such as compositing and subsampling (see Guide D 6051), and sample preservation. For information on other types of augers, see Practice D 1452 and Guide D 4700.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D6907–05
Standard Practice for
Sampling Soils and Contaminated Media with Hand-
Operated Bucket Augers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6907; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
1.1 This practice describes the procedures and equipment 2.1 ASTM Standards:
used to collect surface and subsurface soil and contaminated D 1452 Practice for Soil Investigation and Sampling by
media samples for chemical analysis using a hand-operated Auger Borings
bucket auger (hereafter referred to as a bucket auger; some- D 4547 Guide for Sampling Wastes and Soils for Volatile
times referred to as a barrel auger). Several types of bucket Organic Compounds
augers exist and are designed for sampling various types of D 4687 Guide for General Planning of Waste Sampling
soil. All bucket augers collect disturbed samples, but bucket D 4700 Guide for Soil Sampling from the Vadose Zone
augers can also be used to auger to the desired sampling depth D 5088 Practice for Decontamination of Field Equipment
and then, using a core-type sampler, collect a relatively used at Waste Sites
undisturbed sample. D 5283 Practice for Generation of Environmental Data
1.2 This practice does not cover the use of large (12-in. or Related to Waste Management Activities: Quality Assur-
greaterdiameter)bucketaugersmechanicallyoperatedbylarge ance and Quality Control Planning and Implementation
drill rigs or similar equipment, such as those described in D 5434 Guide for Field Logging of Subsurface Explora-
Practice D 1452, section 3.2.4. tions of Soil and Rock
1.3 The term bucket auger is used to differentiate this type D 5681 Terminology for Waste and Waste Management
of hand operated auger from others of the solid or hollow stem D 5792 Practice for Generation of Environmental Data
types that are also hand held or operated. Related to Waste ManagementActivities: Development of
1.4 This practice does not address sampling objectives (see Data Quality Objectives
PracticeD 5792),generalsampleplanning(seeGuideD 4687), D 6044 Guide for Representative Sampling for Manage-
sampling design (for example, where to collect samples and ment of Waste and Contaminated Media
what depth to sample [see Guide D 6044]), sampling for D 6051 Guide for Composite Sampling and Field Subsam-
volatile organic compounds (see Guide D 4547), equipment pling for Environmental Waste Management Activities
cleaning and decontamination (see Practice D 5088), sample D 6232 Guide for Selection of Sampling Equipment for
handling after collection such as compositing and subsampling Waste and Contaminated Media Data CollectionActivities
(see Guide D 6051), and sample preservation. For information D 6282 Guide for Direct Push Soil Sampling for Environ-
on other types of augers, see Practice D 1452 and Guide mental Soil Characterization
D 4700. D 6286 Guide for Selection of Drilling Methods for Envi-
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the ronmental Site Characterization
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1 2
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on Waste For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Management and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.01 on Monitor- contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
ing and Characterization. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2005. Published March 2005. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D6907–05
3. Terminology 6. Apparatus
6.1 Bucket Augers:
3.1 Definitions—Except where noted, all terms and symbols
6.1.1 Bucket augers for soil sampling generally consist of a
in this practice are in accordance with the following publica-
tubular auger head with cutting bits, an extension rod or rods,
tions. In order of consideration they are:
and a “T” handle (see Fig. 1). The auger is rotated using the
3.1.1 Terminology D 5681 for Waste and Waste Manage-
“T” handle until the bucket is full, the device retrieved and
ment,
emptied, and the process repeated.
3.1.2 Compilation of ASTM Standard Terminology, and
6.1.2 The advantages and disadvantages of bucket augers
3.1.3 Webster’s New Collegiate Dictionary.
are listed in Table 1.
6.1.3 Bucket augers are generally available with tungsten
4. Summary of Practice
carbide hard surface carbon steel bits, stainless steel cylinder
4.1 Typically, bucket augers are tubular devices with cutting
and carbon steel bail (shank), or in all stainless steel (see Fig.
bits on the bottom that are pushed and twisted into the media
1). Several types of bucket augers are described below. In use,
and removed when the tubular “bucket” section is full. The
bits should be kept sharp for efficient sampling.
borehole is advanced one bucket at a time. The practical depth
6.1.4 Regular Bucket Auger—Used for ordinary soil and
of investigation using a bucket auger is related to the material
waste sampling and for creating a pilot hole from which
being sampled.
subsequent undisturbed core samples can be collected at depth.
4.2 When a sampling interval starting at the surface is to be (See Fig. 2a).
sampled, the same auger can be used to collect all materials to 6.1.5 Sand Bucket Auger—Designed for use in extremely
the bottom of the interval. However, if discrete grab samples dry, sandy soils. The bits are specially formed to retain loose
are to be collected to characterize multiple depths or a depth sand (see Fig. 2b).
interval commences below the surface, a clean bucket auger 6.1.6 Mud Bucket Auger—Features an open cylinder design
should be used to collect the sample. The top material in a to facilitate easier removal of heavy, wet soil or clay samples.
bucket should generally be discarded to minimize chances of Bits are spaced further apart than the regular auger to ease
cross-contamination of the sample from material that sloughs
entry of sticky soils (see Fig. 2c).
from the borehole wall. 6.1.7 The Planer Auger—Used to remove loose material
from the bottom of an augered hole, prior to core sampling. It
4.3 All augers collect disturbed samples that are generally
may also be used to collect samples of solid materials from the
not suitable for analysis of volatile organic compounds.
bottom of drums and tanks (see Fig. 2d).
NOTE 1—Bucket augers may be used to obtain samples of materials
6.1.8 Dutch Auger—Designed to make it an excellent tool
containing volatile organic compounds for field screening purposes. A
for collection of samples in heavily rooted, fibrous or swampy
core or tube type sampler can be pushed into undisturbed soil at the
areas (see Fig. 2e).
bottom of an augered hole to collect a relatively undisturbed sample
6.1.9 Other—Other types of augers include the Eijkelkamp
suitable for chemical analysis.
StonyAugerforgravellysoils,thePost-HoleorIwanAugerfor
5. Significance and Use cohesive soft or hard soils, and augers with reusable liners and
closed tops to reduce contamination from sloughing sidewalls.
5.1 Bucket augers are relatively inexpensive, readily avail-
able, available in different types depending on the media to be
7. Presampling
sampled, and most can be easily operated by one person. They
7.1 Samples should be collected in accordance with an
collect a reasonably cylindrical but disturbed sample of surface
appropriateworkplan(seePracticeD 5283andGuideD 4687)
or subsurface soil or waste. However, they are generally not
and in accordance with the Data Quality Objectives (see
suited for sampling gravelly or coarser soil and are unsuitable
Practice D 5792). The plan should include a worker health and
for sampling rock.
safety plan and safety section due to the hazards of sampling
5.2 Bucket augers are commonly used equipment because
c
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.