ASTM E135-01
(Terminology)Standard Terminology Relating to Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
Standard Terminology Relating to Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
SCOPE
1.1 This is a compilation of terms commonly used in analytical chemistry for metals, ores, and related materials. Terms that are generally understood or defined adequately in other readily available sources are either not included or their sources are identified.
1.2 A definition is a single sentence with additional information included in a Discussion.
1.3 Definitions identical to those published by another standards organization or ASTM committee are identified with the name of the organization or the identifying document and ASTM committee.
1.4 Definitions specific to a particular field (such as emission spectroscopy ) are identified with an italicized introductory phrase.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation: E 135 – 01
Standard Terminology Relating to
Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related
1
Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 135; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Terminology Definitions
1.1 This is a compilation of terms commonly used in
absorbance, n—in spectrometry, the logarithm to the base 10
analytical chemistry for metals, ores, and related materials.
of the reciprocal of the transmittance, T.
Terms that are generally understood or defined adequately in
A 5 log 1/T!52log T (1)
~
10 10
other readily available sources are either not included or their
sources are identified.
absorption (of electromagnetic radiation), n—a decrease in
1.2 A definition is a single sentence with additional infor-
radiant energy when passing through matter, resulting in a
mation included in a Discussion.
corresponding increase in the energy of the absorbing
1.3 Definitions identical to those published by another
system.
standards organization or ASTM committee are identified with
absorption spectrometry, n—the branch of spectroscopy
the name of the organization or the identifying document and
pertaining to the absorption of electromagnetic radiation by
ASTM committee.
atoms, ions, radicals, and molecules.
1.4 Definitions specific to a particular field (such as emis-
analytical curve—see calibration curve.
sion spectrometry) are identified with an italicized introductory
analyte, n—in methods of chemical analysis, the component
phrase.
determined by a method.
analytical gap, n—in optical emission spectrometry, the re-
2. Referenced Documents
gion between two electrodes in which the specimen is
2.1 ASTM Standards:
excited and from which radiant energy is used for analysis.
E 180 Practice for Determining the Precision of ASTM
analytical line, n—the particular wavelength of an element
2
Methods for Analysis and Testing of Industrial Chemicals
used in determining the presence or concentration of that
E 876 Practice for Use of Statistics in the Evaluation of
element.
3
Spectrometric Data
anneal, vt—in fire assay, to heat and then gradually cool a
E 1914 Practice for Use of Terms Relating to the Develop-
metal to remove internal stresses and make the material less
3
ment and Evaluation of Methods for Chemical Analysis
brittle.
2.2 ISO Standard:
arc, condensed—see triggered capacitor discharge.
ISO Guide 30—Terms and Definitions Used in Connection
arc, continuous dc, n—a self-maintaining dc discharge.
4
with Reference Materials
arc line—not recommended, see atom line.
arc, noncapacitive ac, n—in optical emission spectrometry,a
3. Significance and Use
series of separate electrical discharges, individually self-
3.1 Definitions given in Section 4 are intended for use in all
initiating or initiated separately by another means, in which
standards on analytical chemistry for metals, ores, and related
each current pulse has a polarity that is reversed from the
materials. The definitions should be used uniformly and
previous one.
consistently. The purpose of this terminology is to promote
arc, noncondensed, intermittent dc—see arc, noncapacitive,
clear understanding and interpretation of the standards in
intermittent dc.
which definitions are used.
atom line, n—a spectral line resulting from radiation emitted
during electron transition as an excited atom returns to a
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E01 on
lower energy level.
Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials and is the direct
atomic absorption spectrometry, n—the branch of spectros-
responsibility of Subcommittee E01.23 on Terminology.
copy pertaining to the absorption of electromagnetic radia-
Current edition approved June 10, 2001. Published August 2001. Originally
published as E 135 – 58. Last previous edition E 135 – 99.
tion by free atoms.
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.05.
buffer, n—in spectrometric analysis, a substance that tends to
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.06.
4 minimize the effects of one or more elements on the
Available from American Standards Institute, 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New
York, NY 10036. emission of other elements.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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E 135
burn, n—in emission spectrometry,(1) that portion of a solid lowest concentration or mass that can be estimated or
specimen from which atoms were volatilized; determined with confidence and that is specific to the
(2) the ac
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