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ASTM C331-03

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Lightweight Aggregates for Concrete Masonry Units

Standard Specification for Lightweight Aggregates for Concrete Masonry Units

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers lightweight aggregates intended for use in concrete masonry units when a prime consideration is to reduce the density of the units.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values shown in parentheses are for information purposes only.
1.3 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory materials. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Feb-2003
ICS
91.100.30 - Concrete and concrete products
Technical Committee
C09 - Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
Drafting Committee
C09.21 - Lightweight Aggregates and Concrete
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM C331-02 - Standard Specification for Lightweight Aggregates for Concrete Masonry Units
Effective Date
10-Feb-2003
Replaced By
ASTM C331-03a - Standard Specification for Lightweight Aggregates for Concrete Masonry Units
Effective Date
01-Dec-2003
Referred By
ASTM C1790-21 - Standard Specification for Fly Ash Facing Brick
Effective Date
10-Feb-2003

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ASTM C331-03 - Standard Specification for Lightweight Aggregates for Concrete Masonry UnitsASTM C331-03 - Standard Specification for Lightweight Aggregates for Concrete Masonry Units
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ASTM C331-03 - Standard Specification for Lightweight Aggregates for Concrete Masonry Units
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: C 331 – 03
Standard Specification for
1
Lightweight Aggregates for Concrete Masonry Units
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 331; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
4
1. Scope * lated Concrete Units
5
D 75 Practice for Sampling Aggregates
1.1 This specification covers lightweight aggregates in-
tended for use in concrete masonry units when a prime
3. Aggregate Types
consideration is to reduce the density of the units.
3.1 Three general types of lightweight aggregates are cov-
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
ered by this specification, as follows:
standard. The values shown in parentheses are for information
3.1.1 Aggregates prepared by expanding, pelletizing, or
purposes only.
sintering products such as blast-furnace slag, clay, diatomite,
1.3 The text of this specification references notes and
fly ash, shale, or slate, and
footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and
3.1.2 Aggregates prepared by processing natural materials,
footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be
such as pumice, scoria, or tuff, and
considered as requirements of the standard.
3.1.3 Aggregates consisting of end products of coal or coke
2. Referenced Documents combustion.
3.2 The aggregates shall be composed predominately of
2.1 ASTM Standards:
lightweight-cellular and granular inorganic material.
C 29/C 29M Test Method for Bulk Density (“Unit Weight”)
2
and Voids in Aggregate
4. Chemical Composition
C 40 Test Method for Organic Impurities in Fine Aggre-
2
4.1 Lightweight aggregates shall not contain excessive
gates for Concrete
amounts of deleterious substances, as determined by the
C 114 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic
3
following limits:
Cement
4.1.1 Organic Impurities (Test Method C 40)—Lightweight
C 136 Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse
2
aggregates subjected to the test for organic impurities that
Aggregates
produce a color darker than the standard shall be rejected,
C 142 Test Method for Clay Lumps and Friable Particles in
2
unless it is demonstrated that the discoloration is due to small
Aggregates
quantities of materials not harmful to the concrete.
C 151 Test Method for Autoclave Expansion of Portland
3 4.1.2 Staining (Test Method C 641)—An aggregate produc-
Cement
ing a stain index of 60 or higher shall be rejected when the
C 157/C 157M Test Method for Length Change of Hard-
2 deposited stain is found upon chemical analysis to contain an
ened Hydraulic-Cement, Mortar, and Concrete
iron content, expressed as Fe O equal to or greater than 1.5
2 3
C 641 Test Method for Staining Materials in Lightweight
2 mg/200 g of sample.
Concrete Aggregates
4.1.3 Loss on Ignition (Test Methods C 114)—Loss on
C 702 Practice for Reducing Samples of Aggregate to
2 ignition of aggregates, consisting of end products of coal or
Testing Size
coke combustion, shall not exceed 12 %. Loss on ignition of
C 1262 Test Method for Evaluating the Freeze-Thaw Dura-
other aggregates shall not exceed 5 %.
bility of Manufactured Concrete Masonry Units and Re-
NOTE 1—Certain processed aggregates may be hydraulic in character
and may be partially hydrated during production; if so, the quality of the
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on
product is not reduced thereby. Other aggregates may, in their natural
Concrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
states, contain innocuous carbonates or water of crystallization, which will
C09.21 on Lightweight Aggregates and Concrete.
Current edition approved Feb. 10, 2003. Published May 2003. Originally
approved in 1953. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as C 331–02.
2 4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.05.
3 5
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.01. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.03.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
C331–03
contribute to the loss on ignition. Therefore, consideration should be given
5.2.3 Drying Shrinkage—Drying shrinkage of concrete
to the type of material when evaluating the pro
...

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4.1 This practice provides for using an unbonded capping system in testing hardened concrete cylinders made in accordance with Practices C31/C31M or C192/C192M, or cores obtained in accordance with Test Method C42/C42M in lieu of the capping systems described in Practice C617/C617M.  
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ABSTRACT
This test method covers the determination of strength of cylindrical concrete specimens that have been molded in place using special molds attached to formwork. A concrete cylinder mold assembly consisting of a mold and a tubular support member is fastened within the concrete formwork prior to placement of the concrete. The elevation of the mold upper edge is adjusted to correspond to the plane of the finished slab surface. The mold support prevents direct contact of the slab concrete with the outside of the mold and permits its easy removal from the hardened concrete. Strength of cast-in-place cylinders may be used for various purposes, such as estimating the load-bearing capacity of slabs, determining the time of form and shore removal, and determining the effectiveness of curing and protection. Consolidation of concrete in the mold may be varied to simulate the conditions of placement. Internal vibration of concrete in the mold is prohibited except under special circumstances.
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4.1 Cast-in-place cylinder strength relates to the strength of concrete in the structure due to the similarity of curing conditions because the cylinder is cured within the slab. However, due to differences in moisture condition, degree of consolidation, specimen size, and length-diameter ratio, there is not a unique relationship between the strength of cast-in-place cylinders and cores of the same age. When cores can be drilled undamaged and tested in the same moisture condition as the cast-in-place cylinders, the strength of the cylinders can be expected to be on average 10 % higher than the cores at ages up to 91 days for specimens of the same size and length-diameter ratio.4  
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5.1 Tests performed at the same location across a span of years may be used to detect a reduction of infiltration rate of the pervious concrete, thereby identifying the need for remediation.  
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1.1 This practice covers apparatus, materials, and procedures for capping freshly molded concrete cylinders with neat cement and hardened cylinders and drilled concrete cores with high-strength gypsum paste or sulfur mortar.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method provides a procedure to determine the passing ability of self-consolidating concrete. This test method is applicable for laboratory use in comparing the passing ability of different concrete mixtures. It is also applicable in the field as a quality control test.  
5.2 The difference between the slump flow and J-Ring flow is an indication of the passing ability of the concrete. A difference less than 25 mm [1 in.] indicates good passing ability and a difference greater than 50 mm [2 in.] indicates poor passing ability. The orientation of the mold for the J-Ring test and for the slump flow test without the J-Ring shall be the same.  
5.3 This test method is limited to self-consolidating concrete with nominal maximum size of aggregate of up to 25 mm [1 in.].
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the passing ability of self-consolidating concrete (SCC) by using the J-Ring in combination with a mold.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
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ASTM C173/C173M-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Volumetric Method

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method covers the determination of the air content of freshly mixed concrete. It measures the air contained in the mortar fraction of the concrete, but is not affected by air that may be present inside porous aggregate particles.  
4.1.1 Therefore, this is the appropriate test to determine the air content of concretes containing lightweight aggregates, air-cooled slag, and highly porous or vesicular natural aggregates.  
4.2 This test method requires the addition of sufficient isopropyl alcohol, when the meter is initially being filled with water, so that after the first or subsequent rollings little or no foam collects in the neck of the top section of the meter. If more foam is present than that equivalent to 2 % air above the water level, the test is declared invalid and must be repeated using a larger quantity of alcohol. Addition of alcohol to dispel foam any time after the initial filling of the meter to the zero mark is not permitted.  
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1.1 This test method covers determination of the air content of freshly mixed concrete containing any type of aggregate, whether it be dense, cellular, or lightweight.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
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ASTM C138/C138M-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Density (Unit Weight), Yield, and Air Content (Gravimetric) of Concrete

ABSTRACT
This test method covers determination of the density of freshly mixed concrete and gives formulas for calculating the unit weight, yield or relative yield, cement content, and air content of the concrete. Yield is defined as the volume of concrete produced from a mixture of known quantities of the component materials. The test method shall use the following apparatuses: balance or scale; tamping rod, which is a round straight steel rod having the tamping end rounded to a hemispherical tip; internal vibrator which may have rigid of flexible shafts, preferably powered by electric motors; measure, which is a cylindrical container made of steel or other suitable metal specified herein; strike-off plate; mallet; and scoop of a size large enough so each amount of concrete obtained from the sampling receptacle is representative and small enough so it is not spilled during placement in the measure.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the density (see Note 1) of freshly mixed concrete and gives formulas for calculating the yield, cement content, and air content of the concrete. Yield is defined as the volume of concrete produced from a mixture of known quantities of the component materials.  
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