ASTM C216-11

Standard Specification for Facing Brick (Solid Masonry Units Made from Clay or Shale)

ABSTRACT
This specification covers brick intended for use in masonry and supplying structural or facing components, or both, to the structure. Bricks shall be classified according to their resistance to damage by freezing when saturated at a moisture content: Grade SW and Grade MW. The facing bricks shall be classified into three types: Types FBS; FBX; and FBA. Durability; absorption alternate; freezing and thawing alternative; breakage and weight loss; cracking; low weathering index alternative; compressive strength; and initial rate of absorption requirements shall be tested for the material to meet the specified requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers brick intended for use in masonry and supplying structural or facing components, or both, to the structure.
1.2 The property requirements of this specification apply at the time of purchase. The use of results from testing of brick extracted from masonry structures for determining conformance or nonconformance to the property requirements (Section 6) of this specification is beyond the scope of this specification.
1.3 The brick are prismatic units available in a variety of sizes, textures, colors, and shapes. This specification is not intended to provide specifications for paving brick (see Specification C902).
1.4 Brick are manufactured from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring earthy substances and subjected to a heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing). The heat treatment must develop a fired bond between the particulate constituents to provide the strength and durability requirements of this specification (see Terminology C1232).
1.5 Brick are shaped during manufacture by molding, pressing, or extrusion, and the shaping method is a way to describe the brick.  
1.6 Three types of brick in each of two grades are covered.
1.7 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
1.8 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Jul-2011
• ICS: 91.100.15 - Mineral materials and products
• Technical Committee: C15 - Manufactured Masonry Units
• Drafting Committee: C15.02 - Brick and Structural Clay Tile

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM C216-10 - Standard Specification for Facing Brick (Solid Masonry Units Made from Clay or Shale)
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2011
• Replaced By: ASTM C216-12 - Standard Specification for Facing Brick (Solid Masonry Units Made from Clay or Shale)
• Effective Date: 15-Aug-2012
• Referred By: ASTM C62-23 - Standard Specification for Building Brick (Solid Masonry Units Made from Clay or Shale)
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2011
• Referred By: ASTM C1232-21a - Standard Terminology for Masonry
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2011
• Referred By: ASTM C1472-16(2022) - Standard Guide for Calculating Movement and Other Effects When Establishing Sealant Joint Width
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2011
• Referred By: ASTM C1283-15(2021) - Standard Practice for Installing Clay Flue Lining
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2011
• Referred By: ASTM E2266-22 - Standard Guide for Design and Construction of Low-Rise Frame Building Wall Systems to Resist Water Intrusion
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2011
• Referred By: ASTM C652-22 - Standard Specification for Hollow Brick (Hollow Masonry Units Made From Clay or Shale)
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2011
• Referred By: ASTM C34-23 - Standard Specification for Structural Clay Loadbearing Wall Tile
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2011
• Referred By: ASTM C1713-23 - Standard Specification for Mortars for the Repair of Historic Masonry
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2011

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:C216 −11
StandardSpecification for
Facing Brick (Solid Masonry Units Made from Clay or
1
Shale)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C216; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This specification covers brick intended for use in 2.1 ASTM Standards:
masonry and supplying structural or facing components, or C67Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Brick and
both, to the structure. Structural Clay Tile
C902Specification for Pedestrian and Light Traffic Paving
1.2 The property requirements of this specification apply at
Brick
the time of purchase. The use of results from testing of brick
C1232Terminology of Masonry
extracted from masonry structures for determining confor-
C1272Specification for Heavy Vehicular Paving Brick
mance or nonconformance to the property requirements (Sec-
E835/E835MGuide for Modular Coordination of Clay and
tion 6) of this specification is beyond the scope of this
3
Concrete Masonry Units (Withdrawn 2011)
specification.
3. Classification
1.3 The brick are prismatic units available in a variety of
sizes, textures, colors, and shapes. This specification is not
3.1 Grades—Grades classify brick according to their resis-
intended to provide specifications for paving brick (see Speci-
tance to damage by freezing when saturated at a moisture
fication C902).
content not exceeding the 24-h cold water absorption. Two
grades of facing brick are covered and the requirements are
1.4 Brick are manufactured from clay, shale, or similar
given in Section 6.
naturally occurring earthy substances and subjected to a heat
3.1.1 Grade SW (Severe Weathering) —Brick intended for
treatment at elevated temperatures (firing). The heat treatment
use where high resistance to damage caused by cyclic freezing
must develop a fired bond between the particulate constituents
to provide the strength and durability requirements of this is desired.
3.1.2 Grade MW (Moderate Weathering)—Brick intended
specification (see Terminology C1232).
for use where moderate resistance to cyclic freezing damage is
1.5 Brickareshapedduringmanufacturebymolding,press-
permissible.
ing, or extrusion, and the shaping method is a way to describe
the brick.
NOTE 1—Measurement of moisture content of brick in buildings
indicates that, when the building is designed and constructed to reduce
1.6 Three types of brick in each of two grades are covered.
water penetration, the 24-h cold water absorption is unlikely to be
exceeded.
1.7 The text of this specification references notes and
footnotes which provide explanatory material.These notes and
3.2 Types—Three types of facing brick are covered:
footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be
3.2.1 Type FBS—Brick for general use in masonry.
considered as requirements of the standard.
3.2.2 Type FBX—Brick for general use in masonry where a
higher degree of precision and lower permissible variation in
1.8 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
size than permitted for Type FBS is required.
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
3.2.3 Type FBA—Brick for general use in masonry selected
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
to produce characteristic architectural effects resulting from
and are not considered standard.
nonuniformity in size and texture of the individual units.
1 2
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C15 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Manufactured Masonry Units and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
C15.02 on Brick and Structural Clay Tile. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2011. Published August 2011. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 1947. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as C216–10. DOI: The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
10.1520/C0216-11. www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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C216−11
TABLE 1 Physical Requirements
Minimum Compressive Strength Maximum Water Absorption Maximum Saturation
A
psi, (MPa) gross area by 5-h Boiling, % Coefficient
Designation
Average of 5 Average A
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:C216–10 Designation: C216 – 11
Standard Specification for
Facing Brick (Solid Masonry Units Made from Clay or
1
Shale)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C216; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers brick intended for use in masonry and supplying structural or facing components, or both, to the
structure.
1.2 The property requirements of this specification apply at the time of purchase. The use of results from testing of brick
extracted from masonry structures for determining conformance or nonconformance to the property requirements (Section 6) of
this specification is beyond the scope of this specification.
1.3 The brick are prismatic units available in a variety of sizes, textures, colors, and shapes. This specification is not intended
to provide specifications for paving brick (see Specification C902).
1.4 Brick are manufactured from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring earthy substances and subjected to a heat treatment
at elevated temperatures (firing).The heat treatment must develop a fired bond between the particulate constituents to provide the
strength and durability requirements of this specification (see Terminology C1232).
1.5 Brick are shaped during manufacture by molding, pressing, or extrusion, and the shaping method is a way to describe the
brick.
1.6 Three types of brick in each of two grades are covered.
1.7 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material.These notes and footnotes
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
1.8 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C67 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Brick and Structural Clay Tile
C902 Specification for Pedestrian and Light Traffic Paving Brick
C1232 Terminology of Masonry
C1272 Specification for Heavy Vehicular Paving Brick
E835/E835M Guide for Modular Coordination of Clay and Concrete Masonry Units
3. GradesClassification
3.1 Grades—Gradesclassifybrickaccordingtotheirresistancetodamagebyfreezingwhensaturatedatamoisturecontentnot
exceeding the 24-h cold water absorption. Two grades of facing brick are covered and the requirements are given in Section 6.
3.1.1 Grade SW (Severe Weathering) —Brick intended for use where high resistance to damage caused by cyclic freezing is
desired.
3.1.2 Grade MW (Moderate Weathering)—Brick intended for use where moderate resistance to cyclic freezing damage is
permissible.
NOTE 1—Measurement of moisture content of brick in buildings indicates that, when the building is designed and constructed to reduce water
penetration, the 24-h cold water absorption is unlikely to be exceeded. 4.
3.2 Types
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C15 on Manufactured Masonry Units and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C15.02 on Brick
and Structural Clay Tile.
Current edition approved JuneAug. 1, 2010.2011. Published June 2010.August 2011. Originally approved in 1947. Last previous edition approved in 20072010 as
C216–07a.C216–10. DOI: 10.1520/C0216-101.
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,[e-mail] Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C216 – 11
4.1Three —Three types of facing brick are covered:
4.1.13.2.1 Type FBS—Brick for general use in masonry.
4.1.2
3.2.2 Type FBX—Brick for general use in masonry where a higher degree of precision and lower permissible variation in size
than permitted for Type FBS is required.
4.1.3
3.2.3 Type FBA—Brick for general use in masonry selected to produce characteristic architectural effects resulting from
nonuniformity in
...