ASTM F2379-04(2021)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Energy Performance of Powered Open Warewashing Sinks
Standard Test Method for Energy Performance of Powered Open Warewashing Sinks
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The energy input rate test is used to confirm that the powered sink is operating properly prior to further testing.
5.2 Preheat energy and time can be useful to food service operators to manage power demands and to know how quickly the powered sink can be ready for operation when filled with cold water.
Note 2: It is typically recommended that powered sinks be filled with hot water prior to use. This test is useful for operations that have a limited supply of domestic hot water and would need to use cold water to fill the sink to capacity.
5.3 Idle energy rate and pilot energy rate can be used to estimate energy consumption during standby periods.
5.4 Washing cycle energy consumption can be used by the food service operator to estimate energy consumption during operating periods.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method evaluates the energy consumption of powered open warewashing sinks. The food service operator can use these tests to evaluate and select a suitable washing device and understand its energy consumption.
1.2 This test method applies to powered open warewashing sinks (powered sinks) with the following characteristics: a large main water sink with electrically powered water pump(s) and multiple high flow water nozzles. The unit may include gas or electric heaters to maintain water temperature. These powered sinks are designed to run for predetermined cycle duration and accommodate pots and pans of various shapes and sizes as well as cooking utensils. They are intended for stand alone use and require little supervision. The powered sink will be tested for the following (where applicable):
1.2.1 Maximum energy input rate (10.2),
1.2.2 Preheat energy consumption and duration (10.3),
1.2.3 Idle energy rate (10.4),
1.2.4 Pilot energy rate, if applicable (10.5), and
1.2.5 Washing cycle energy consumption (10.6).
Note 1: This test method applies only to the powered portion of the unit. Other compartments (sanitizing, rinsing, and so forth) are not evaluated.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F2379 − 04 (Reapproved 2021) An American National Standard
Standard Test Method for
Energy Performance of Powered Open Warewashing Sinks
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2379; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1.1 This test method evaluates the energy consumption of
powered open warewashing sinks. The food service operator
2. Referenced Documents
can use these tests to evaluate and select a suitable washing
2.1 ASTM Standards:
device and understand its energy consumption.
D3588Practice for Calculating Heat Value, Compressibility
1.2 This test method applies to powered open warewashing
Factor, and Relative Density of Gaseous Fuels
sinks (powered sinks) with the following characteristics: a
2.2 ANSI Standard:
large main water sink with electrically powered water pump(s)
2000 International Fuel Gas Code
andmultiplehighflowwaternozzles.Theunitmayincludegas
or electric heaters to maintain water temperature. These pow-
2.3 ASHRAE Documents:
eredsinksaredesignedtorunforpredeterminedcycleduration
ASHRAE Guideline 2 (RA90)Engineering Analysis of Ex-
and accommodate pots and pans of various shapes and sizes as
perimental Data
well as cooking utensils.They are intended for stand alone use
ASHRAE 1993Fundamentals Handbook
and require little supervision. The powered sink will be tested
for the following (where applicable):
3. Terminology
1.2.1 Maximum energy input rate (10.2),
3.1 Definitions:
1.2.2 Preheat energy consumption and duration (10.3),
3.1.1 powered open warewashing sink, or powered sink,
1.2.3 Idle energy rate (10.4),
n—an all-purpose, stainless steel water sink with electrically
1.2.4 Pilot energy rate, if applicable (10.5), and
powered water pump(s) and multiple high flow water nozzles
1.2.5 Washing cycle energy consumption (10.6).
designed for cleaning pots, pans, and utensils. The main
washingsinkholds60to100galofheatedwater.Theunitmay
NOTE 1—This test method applies only to the powered portion of the
unit. Other compartments (sanitizing, rinsing, and so forth) are not
or may not feature a scrapper sink, rinse tank, sanitizing tank,
evaluated.
scrap table, or a drain table, or both.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
3.1.2 test method, n—a definitive procedure for the
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
identification, measurement, and evaluation of one or more
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
qualities, characteristics, or properties of a material, product,
and are not considered standard.
system, or service that produces test results.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.3 uncertainty, n—measure of systematic and precision
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
errors in specified instrumentation or measure of repeatability
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
of a reported test result.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.2.1 energy input rate, n—peak rate at which a powered
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
sink consumes energy (Btu/h or kW (kJ/h)).
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F26 on Food the ASTM website.
Service Equipment and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F26.06 on Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
Productivity and Energy Protocol. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2021. Published December 2021. Originally Available from American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-
approved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as F2379– 04 (2016). Conditioning Engineers, Inc. (ASHRAE), 1791 Tullie Circle, NE, Atlanta, GA
DOI: 10.1520/F2379-04R21. 30329, http://www.ashrae.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F2379 − 04 (2021)
3.2.2 idle energy rate, n—the rate of energy consumed 5.3 Idle energy rate and pilot energy rate can be used to
(Btu/h or kW (kJ/h)) by the powered sink while holding or estimate energy consumption during standby periods.
maintaining a water-filled wash sink at the 115°F (46°C)
5.4 Washing cycle energy consumption can be used by the
setpoint.
food service operator to estimate energy consumption during
3.2.3 pilot energy rate, n—average rate of energy consump-
operating periods.
tion (Btu/h) by a powered sink’s continuous pilot (if appli-
cable).
6. Apparatus
3.2.4 preheat energy, n—amountofenergyconsumedbythe
6.1 Barometer, for measuring absolute atmospheric
powered sink while preheating the wash sink water from 70 6
pressure, to be used for adjustment of measured natural gas
5°F (21 6 3°C) to 115°F (46°C), with the control(s) set to a
volume to standard conditions. Shall have a resolution of 0.2
calibrated 115°F (46°C).
in. Hg and an uncertainty of 0.2 in. Hg.
3.2.5 preheat rate, n—average rate (°F/min) at which the
6.2 Calibrated Exposed Junction Thermocouple Probes,
powered sink’s water is heated from 70 6 5°F (21 6 3°C) to
with a range from 50 to 200°F (10 to 93°C), with a resolution
115°F (46°C), with the control(s) set to a calibrated 115°F
of 0.2°F (0.1°C) and an uncertainty of 0.5°F (0.3°C), for
(46°C).
measuring the average temperature of the sink water, heating
3.2.6 preheat time, n—time required for the powered sink
element temperature, and ambient air temperature.
water to preheat from 70 6 5°F (21 6 3°C) to 115°F (46°C),
6.3 Gas Meter, for measuring the gas consumption of the
with the control(s) set to a calibrated 115°F (46°C).
powered sink (if applicable), shall have a resolution of at least
3 3
3.2.7 washing energy, n—amount of energy consumed (Btu
0.01 ft (0.0003 m ) and a maximum uncertainty no greater
or kWh (kJ)) during the powered sink’s washing cycle.
than 1% of the measured value for any demand greater than
3 3
3.2.8 washing energy rate, n—average rate of energy con- 2.2ft /h(0.06m /h).Ifthemeterisusedformeasuringthegas
sumption (Btu/h or kW (kJ/h)) during the powered sink’s consumed by pilot lights, it shall have a resolution of at least
3 3
washing cycle. 0.01 ft (0.0003 m ) and have a maximum uncertainty no
greater than 2% of the measured value.
4. Summary of Test Method
6.4 Pressure Gage, for monitoring natural gas pressure.
4.1 The powered sink under test is connected to the appro- Shallhavearangeofzeroto10in.H O,aresolutionof0.5in.
priate metered energy supply. The measured energy input rate
H O, and a maximum uncertainty of 1% of the measured
is determined and checked against the rated input before value.
continuing with testing.
6.5 Primary Supply, water heating system capable of sup-
4.2 The amount of cold (70 6 5°F (21 6 3°C)) water plying water at 115 6 5°F (46 6 3°C), as required by the
required to fill the main water sink to capacity is measured.
powered sink.
4.3 The amount of energy and time required to preheat the
6.6 Stop Watch, with a 1-s resolution.
powered sink’s wash sink from 70 6 5°F (21 6 3°C) to 115°F
6.7 Temperature Sensor, for measuring natural gas tempera-
(46°C) is determined.
ture in the range of 50 to 100°F (10 to 37.8°C), with a
4.4 The rate of idle energy consumption is determined with
resolution of 0.5°F (0.3°C) and an uncertainty of 61°F
the powered sink set to maintain 115°F (46°C) and the pump
(0.6°C).
motor(s) switched off.
6.8 ThermocoupleProbe,industrystandardtypeTortypeK
4.5 Pilotenergyrateisdetermined,whenapplicable,forgas
thermocouples capable of immersion with a range of 50 to
powered sinks.
200°F (10 to 93°C) and an uncertainty of 61°F.
4.6 Washing cycle energy consumption is characterized for
6.9 Watt-Hour Meter, for measuring the electrical energy
two different starting water temperatures: 70°F (21°C) and
consumption of a powered sink, shall have a resolution of at
115°F (46°C).
least 10Wh and a maximum uncertainty no greater than 1.5%
of the measured value for any demand greater than 100W. For
5. Significance and Use
any demand less than 100 W, the meter shall have a resolution
of at least 10 Wh and a maximum uncertainty no greater than
5.1 The energy input rate test is used to confirm that the
10%.
powered sink is operating properly prior to further testing.
5.2 Preheat energy and time can be useful to food service
7. Reagents and Materials
operators to manage power demands and to know how quickly
the powered sink can be ready for operation when filled with 7.1 Water, to fill the water sink shall meet the manufactur-
cold water. er’s specifications for quality and hardness.
NOTE 2—It is typically recommended that powered sinks be filled with
7.2 Powered Sink Detergent, to be added to the water shall
hotwaterpriortouse.Thistestisusefulforoperationsthathavealimited
meet power washer manufacturer’s specifications for type and
supply of domestic hot water and would need to use cold water to fill the
sink to capacity. amount. Otherwise, the detergent shall be a standard liquid
F2379 − 04 (2021)
NOTE 3—It is the intent of the test procedure herein to evaluate the
type with labeling specifying use in power washers and four
performanceofapoweredsinkatitsratedgaspressureorelectricvoltage.
ounces (4 oz) shall be added to the primary wash tank for all
If an electric powered sink is rated dual voltage (that is, designed to
tests.
operateateither208or240Vwithnochangeincomponents),thevoltage
selected by the manufacturer or tester, or both, shall be reported. If a
8. Sampling and Test Units
powered sink is designed to operate at two voltages without a change in
the resistance of the heating elements, the performance of the powered
8.1 Powered Sink—Arepresentative production model with
sink (for example, the preheat time) may differ at the two voltages.
heater shall be selected for performance testing.
9.4 Foragaspoweredsink,adjust(duringmaximumenergy
9. Preparation of Apparatus
input) the gas supply pressure downstream from the powered
sink’s pressure regulator to within 62.5% of the operating
9.1 Installtheapplianceinaccordancewiththemanufactur-
manifold pressure specified by the manufacturer. Make adjust-
er’s instructions and under a dedicated hood if necessary. Both
ments to the powered sink following the manufacturer’s
sides of the powered sink shall be a minimum of 6 in. (305
recommendations for optimizing combustion.
mm) from any wall, side partition, or other operating appli-
ance.Theassociatedheatingorcoolingsystemshallbecapable
9.5 Install a temperature sensor to record ambient tempera-
ofmaintaininganambienttemperatureof75 65°F(24 63°C)
tures of the test room. Measure the height of the powered sink.
within the testing environment when the exhaust ventilation
Thesensorshallbeplaced24in.(610mm)awayfromthefront
system or the powered sink, or both, are operating.
of the powered sink and at a height of half the powered sink’s
height.
9.2 Connect the powered sink to a calibrated energy test
meter. For gas installations, install a pressure regulator down-
9.6 Firmly attach eight thermocouple probes evenly along
stream from the meter to maintain a constant pressure of gas
the front and rear sides of the water sink only. For the front
for all tests. Install instrumentation to record both the pressure
wall, two thermocouple probes shall be located ( ⁄3 × height of
andtemperatureofthegassuppliedtothepoweredsinkandthe
the water fill line from the bottom), above the bottom of the
barometric pressure during each test so that the measured gas
sink ( ⁄3 × width of the sink), and one from the right and one
flow can be corrected to standard conditions. For electric
from the left wall. Two more thermocouples shall be located
installations, a voltage regulator may be required if the voltage
( ⁄3 × height of the water fill line from the bottom), above the
supply is not within 62.5% of the manufacturer’s nameplate
bottom of the sink ( ⁄3 × width of the sink), and one from the
voltage. For gas powered sinks, record gas temperature,
right and one from the left wall. These steps shall be repeated
pressure, and heating value. Record barometric pressure.
exactly for the rear wall. See Fig. 1. For example, for a water
9.3 For an electric powered sink, confirm (while the pow- sinkwithafrontwalldimensionof18in.tothefilllineand48
ered sink elements are energized) that the supply voltage is in.fromlefttorightshallhavetwothermocoupleslocated6in.
within 62.5% of the operating voltage specified by the from the bottom at 16 in. from either side and two thermo-
manufacturer (see Note 3). Record the voltage for each test. couples 12 in. from the bottom and 16 in. from either side.
Pump and heater energy consumption shall be separately Repeat for rear wall. (See Fig. 1 for thermocouple location
monitored and reported for all tests. illustration.)
FIG. 1 Diagram of Thermocouple Placement per 9.6
F2379 − 04 (2021)
10. Procedure be terminated and the manufacturer contacted if the difference
is greater than 5%. The manufacturer may make appropriate
10.1 General:
changes or adjustments to the unit or choose to supply an
10.1.1 For gas powered sinks, record the following for each
alternative unit for testing. It is the intent of the test procedure
test run:
herein to evaluate the performance of a powered sink at its
10.1.1.1 Higher heating value,
rated energy input rate.
10.1.1.2 Standard gas pressure and temperature used to
correct measured gas volume to standard conditions, 10.3 Preheat Energy Consumption and Duration:
10.1.1.3 Measured gas temperature,
NOTE 5—The preheat test should be conducted prior to powered sink
10.1.1.4 Measured g
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