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ASTM D5072-09

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Radon in Drinking Water

Standard Test Method for Radon in Drinking Water

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The most prevalent of the radon isotopes in ground water is 222Rn. This isotope presents the greatest health risk compared to the other naturally occurring radon isotopes if ingested via the water pathway.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of radon in drinking water in concentrations above 2 Bq/L.
1.2 This test method may be used for absolute measurements by calibrating with a 226Ra standard or for relative measurements by comparing the measurements made with each other.
1.3 This test method is used successfully with drinking water samples and Type III reagent water conforming to Specification D 1193. It is the user’s responsibility to ensure the validity of this test method for waters of untested matrices.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
Rationale
This test method covers the measurement of radon in drinking water in concentrations above 0.04 Bq/L.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee D19 on Water, this test method was withdrawn in November 2008 in accordance with section 10.5.3.1 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Jan-2009
ICS
13.060.60 - Examination of physical properties of water
Technical Committee
D19 - Water
Drafting Committee
D19.04 - Methods of Radiochemical Analysis
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D5072-98 - Standard Test Method for Radon in Drinking Water (Withdrawn 2008)
Effective Date
01-Feb-2009
Replaced By
ASTM D5072-09e1 - Standard Test Method for Radon in Drinking Water
Effective Date
01-Feb-2009

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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D5072 − 09
StandardTest Method for
1
Radon in Drinking Water
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5072; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D6001Guide for Direct-Push Ground Water Sampling for
Environmental Site Characterization
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of radon in
D7282Practice for Set-up, Calibration, and Quality Control
drinking water in concentrations above 2 Bq/L.
of Instruments Used for Radioactivity Measurements
1.2 This test method may be used for absolute measure-
226 2.2 Other Documents
ments by calibrating with a Ra standard or for relative
Multi-Agency Radiological LaboratoryAnalytical Protocols
measurements by comparing the measurements made with
Manual EPA402-B-04-001A, NUREG1576, NTIS
each other.
PB2004-105421, July 2004.
1.3 This test method is used successfully with drinking
water samples and Type III reagent water conforming to
3. Terminology
SpecificationD1193.Itistheuser’sresponsibilitytoensurethe
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this test
validity of this test method for waters of untested matrices.
method, refer to Terminology D1129. For terms not defined in
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
this test method or in Terminology D1129, reference may be
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
made to other published glossaries.
standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address the safety
4. Summary of Test Method
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
4.1 This test method is based on the scintillation counting
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and
222
of Rn and its progeny.
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
4.2 Inaglassliquidscintillationvial,analiquotofunaerated
limitations prior to use.
water is drawn into a syringe then gently injected beneath 10
2. Referenced Documents
mL of a suitable liquid scintillation cocktail that does not
2
contain an emulsifier. The vials are capped, shaken, and
2.1 ASTM Standards:
allowed to stand 3 hours prior to counting to permit dark
D1129Terminology Relating to Water
adaptation and buildup of short-lived radon progeny. Radon-
D1193Specification for Reagent Water
222 contained in the sample is selectively partitioned into the
D2777Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of
scintillation cocktail. The sample is counted using a liquid
Applicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on Water
222
scintillation counting system optimized for detection of Rn
D3370Practices for Sampling Water from Closed Conduits
activity.
D3648Practices for the Measurement of Radioactivity
D3856Guide for Management Systems in Laboratories
5. Significance and Use
Engaged in Analysis of Water
D4448GuideforSamplingGround-WaterMonitoringWells
5.1 The most prevalent of the radon isotopes in ground
222
D5847Practice for Writing Quality Control Specifications
water is Rn. This isotope presents the greatest health risk
for Standard Test Methods for Water Analysis
compared to the other naturally occurring radon isotopes if
ingested via the water pathway.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D19 on Water
6. Interferences
andisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD19.04onMethodsofRadiochemi-
cal Analysis.
6.1 Other radionuclides soluble in the scintillation cocktail
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2009. Published March 2009. Originally
may interfere. High energy beta/gamma emitters, even though
approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 1998 a D5072–98 which was
withdrawnNovember2008andreinstatedinMarch2009.DOI:10.1520/D5072-09.
theyarenotsolubleinthescintillationmix,mayalsointerfere.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
These interferences will cause a high bias if present in a
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
significant quantity. These interferences would be rare in
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. drinking water samples but may be observed in some cases.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5072 − 09
6.2 Areduced or increased counting efficiency may result if 10. Sampling
NOTE1—RefertoPracticesD3370forapplicablesamplinginstructions.
sample quenching is significantly different than that of the
5
Also see U.S. Environmental Protection Agency reports EPA 520 and
ca
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D5072–98 Designation:D5072–09
Standard Test Method for
1
Radon in Drinking Water
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5072; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1This test method covers the measurement of radon in drinking water in concentrations above 0.04 Bq/L.
1.2This test method may be used for absolute measurements by calibrating with a radium-226 standard or for relative
measurements by comparing the measurements made with each other.
1.3
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of radon in drinking water in concentrations above 2 Bq/L.
226
1.2 This test method may be used for absolute measurements by calibrating with a Ra standard or for relative measurements
by comparing the measurements made with each other.
1.3 This test method is used successfully with drinking water samples and Type III reagent water conforming to Specification
D1193. It is the user’s responsibility to ensure the validity of this test method for waters of untested matrices.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the
user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations
prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of Applicable Test Methods of Committee D-19D19 on Water
2
D3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Closed Conduits Practices for Sampling Water from Closed Conduits
D3648 Practices for the Measurement of Radioactivity
D3856 Guide for Good Laboratory Practices in Laboratories Engaged in Sampling and Analysis of Water
D4448 Guide for Sampling Ground-Water Monitoring Wells
D5847 Practice for Writing Quality Control Specifications for Standard Test Methods for Water Analysis
D6001 Guide for Direct-Push Ground Water Sampling for Environmental Site Characterization
D7282 Practice for Set-up, Calibration, and Quality Control of Instruments Used for Radioactivity Measurements
2.2 Other Documents
Multi-Agency Radiological Laboratory Analytical Protocols Manual EPA402-B-04-001A, NUREG1576, NTIS PB2004-
105421, July 2004.
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—Fordefinitionsoftermsusedinthistestmethod,refertoTerminologyD1129andtootherpublishedglossaries.
Definitions:Fordefinitionsoftermsusedinthistestmethod,refertoTerminologyD1129.Fortermsnotdefinedinthistestmethod
or in Terminology D1129, reference may be made to other published glossaries.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.04 on Methods of Radiochemical
Analysis.
Current edition approved April 10, 1998. Published March 1999. Originally published as D 5072–92.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2009. Published March 2009. Originally approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 1998 a D5072–98 which was withdrawn
November 2008 and reinstated in March 2009.
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01.
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,orcontactASTMCustomerServiceatservice@astm.org.ForAnnualBookofASTMStandards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5072–09
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1This test method is based on the scintillation counting of radon-222 and its daughters, a gaseous daughter product of
radium-226.
4.2Analiquotofunaeratedwaterisdrawnintoasyringethengentlyinjectedbeneath10mLofliquidscintillationmixthatdoes
notcontainanemulsifier.Thevialsarecapped,shaken,andallowedtostand3hpriortocounting.Acommercialliquidscintillation
counter is used to count the sample.
222
4.1 This test method is based on the scintillation counting of Rn and its progeny.
4.2 In a glass liquid scintillation vial, an aliquot of unaerated water is drawn into a syringe then gently injected beneath 10 mL
of a suitabl
...

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5.2 This technique effectively removes other activation and fission products such as isotopes of iodine, zinc, manganese, cobalt, and cesium by the addition of hold-back carriers and an anion exchange technique. The fission products (zirconium-95 and niobium-95) are selectively eluted with hydrochloric-hydrofluoric acid washes. The iron is finally separated from Zn+2 by precipitation of FePO4 at a pH of 3.0.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of 55Fe in the presence of 59Fe by liquid scintillation counting. The a-priori minimum detectable concentration for this test method is 7.4 Bq/L.2  
1.2 This test method was developed principally for the quantitative determination of 55Fe. However, after proper calibration of the liquid scintillation counter with reference standards of each nuclide, 59Fe may also be quantified.  
1.3 This test method was used successfully with Type III reagent water conforming to Specification D1193. It is the responsibility of the user to ensure the validity of this test method for waters of untested matrices.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific hazard statement, see Section 9.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D1943-20(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Alpha Particle Radioactivity of Water 

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method was developed for the purpose of measuring gross alpha radioactivity in water. It is used for the analysis of both process and environmental water to determine gross alpha activity which is often a result of natural radioactivity present in minerals.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of alpha particle activity of water. It is applicable to nuclides that emit alpha particles with energies above 3.9 MeV and at activity levels above 0.02 Bq/mL (540 pCi/L) of radioactive homogeneous water. This test method is not applicable to samples containing alpha-emitting radionuclides that are volatile under conditions of the analysis.  
1.2 This test method can be used for either absolute or relative determinations. In tracer work, the results may be expressed by comparison with a standard that is defined to be 100 %. For radioassay, data may be expressed in terms of alpha disintegration rates after calibration with a suitable standard. General information on radioactivity and measurement of radiation has been published in Refs (1-3)2 and summarized in Practices D3648.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D5811-20(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Strontium-90 in Water

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method was developed to measure the concentration of 90Sr in non-process water samples. This test method may be used to determine the concentration of 90Sr in environmental samples.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of radioactive 90Sr in environmental water samples (for example, non-process and effluent waters) in the range of 0.037 Bq/L (1.0 pCi/L) or greater.  
1.2 This test method has been used successfully with tap water. It is the user’s responsibility to ensure the validity of this test method for samples larger than 1 L and for waters of untested matrices.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 9.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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