ASTM D7902-20
(Terminology)Standard Terminology for Radiochemical Analyses
Standard Terminology for Radiochemical Analyses
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This terminology standard describes terms and definitions used in standards for radiochemical analysis maintained by ASTM Committee D19 on Water. The terminology is also recommended for general use in the radiochemistry community.
SCOPE
1.1 This standard describes terminology commonly used in radiochemistry and radioanalysis.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. Other units of measurement, including some units that are not accepted for use with the SI, are also defined.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D7902 − 20
Standard Terminology for
1
Radiochemical Analyses
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7902; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
5
1. Scope 2.4 ANSI Documents:
ANSI N42.22Traceability of Radioactive Sources to the
1.1 This standard describes terminology commonly used in
National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
radiochemistry and radioanalysis.
and Associated Instrument Quality Control
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. Other units of measurement, including some units
3. Significance and Use
that are not accepted for use with the SI, are also defined.
3.1 This terminology standard describes terms and defini-
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
tions used in standards for radiochemical analysis maintained
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
by ASTM Committee D19 on Water. The terminology is also
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
recommended for general use in the radiochemistry commu-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
nity.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor- 4. Terminology: Terms and Definitions
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
4π geometry, n—geometry in which the radiation detector has
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
essentially the same probability of detecting radiation from
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
the source emitted in any direction.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
absorption (of radiation), n—transfer of some or all of the
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
energy of a radiation to matter it traverses.
2. Referenced Documents
abundance,(1) n—probabilityofemissionofagivenradiation
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
during the decay of an atom of a given radionuclide;
D7282Practice for Set-up, Calibration, and Quality Control
radiation emission probability—also called intensity;
of Instruments Used for Radioactivity Measurements
(2) see isotopic abundance.
3
2.2 BIPM Documents:
actinide, n—any element with atomic number between 89 and
GUMGuide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measure-
103, including actinium, thorium, protactinium, uranium,
ment (GUM), 100:2008
neptunium, plutonium, americium, and curium.
4
2.3 Code of Federal Regulations:
40 CFR 141.25Analytical Methods for Radioactivity activation, n—inducement of radioactivity by irradiation.
40 CFR Appendix B to Part 136Definition and Procedure
activation analysis, n—analysis based on the characteristic
for the Determination of the Method Detection Limit
radiations emitted by nuclides formed by activation.
−1
activity (for radionuclides), A [T ], n—mean rate of radio-
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D19 on Water
active decay in a quantity of material.
andisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD19.04onMethodsofRadiochemi-
DISCUSSION—Theterm activitymaybequalifiedbyspecifyingoneor
cal Analysis.
238
more radionuclides (for example, U activity) or the type of decay
Current edition approved May 1, 2020. Published June 2020. Originally
(for example, gross alpha activity).
approved in 2014. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as D7902 – 18. DOI:
10.1520/D7902-20.
DISCUSSION—The SI unit of activity is the becquerel (Bq), which
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
−1
equals 1 s (one nuclear disintegration per second).
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
activity concentration, (1) n—quotient of the activity of a
the ASTM website.
specified quantity of material and its volume; volumic
3
Available from Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM), Pavillon de
Breteuil F-92312 Sèvres Cedex, France, http://www.bipm.org.
4
AvailablefromU.S.GovernmentPrintingOfficeSuperintendentofDocuments,
5
732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http:// Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
www.access.gpo.gov. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7902 − 18 D7902 − 20
Standard Terminology for
1
Radiochemical Analyses
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7902; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This standard describes terminology commonly used in radiochemistry and radioanalysis.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. Other units of measurement, including some units that are not
accepted for use with the SI, are also defined.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D7282 Practice for Set-up, Calibration, and Quality Control of Instruments Used for Radioactivity Measurements
3
2.2 BIPM Documents:
GUM Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM), 100:2008
4
2.3 Code of Federal Regulations:
40 CFR 141.25 Analytical Methods for Radioactivity
40 CFR Appendix B to Part 136 Definition and Procedure for the Determination of the Method Detection Limit
5
2.4 ANSI Documents:
ANSI N42.22 Traceability of Radioactive Sources to the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and Associated
Instrument Quality Control
3. Significance and Use
3.1 This terminology standard describes terms and definitions used in standards for radiochemical analysis maintained by
ASTM Committee D19 on Water. The terminology is also recommended for general use in the radiochemistry community.
4. Terminology: Terms and Definitions
4π geometry, n—geometry in which the radiation detector has essentially the same probability of detecting radiation from the
source emitted in any direction.
absorption (of radiation), n—transfer of some or all of the energy of a radiation to matter it traverses.
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.04 on Methods of Radiochemical
Analysis.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2018May 1, 2020. Published March 2018June 2020. Originally approved in 2014. Last previous edition approved in 20162018 as D7902
– 16.18. DOI: 10.1520/D7902-18.10.1520/D7902-20.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM), Pavillon de Breteuil F-92312 Sèvres Cedex, France, http://www.bipm.org.
4
Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents, 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http://
www.access.gpo.gov.
5
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D7902 − 20
abundance, (1) n—probability of emission of a given radiation during the decay of an atom of a given radionuclide; radiation
emission probability—also called intensity;
(2) see isotopic abundance.
actinide, n—any element with atomic number between 89 and 103, including actinium, thorium, protactinium, uranium,
neptunium, plutonium, americium, and curium.
activation, n—inducement of radioactivity by irradiation.
activation analysis, n—analysis based on the characteristic radiations emitted by nuclides formed by activation.
−1
activity (for radionuclides), A [T ], n—mean rate of radioactive decay in a quantity of material.
DISCUSSION—
238
The term activity may be qualified by specifying one or more radionuclides (for example, U activity) or the type of decay (for example, gros
...
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