ASTM F547-06(2012)
(Terminology)Standard Terminology of Nails for Use with Wood and Wood-Base Materials
Standard Terminology of Nails for Use with Wood and Wood-Base Materials
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Designation: F547 − 06 (Reapproved 2012)
Standard Terminology of
Nails for Use with Wood and Wood-Base Materials
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF547;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
The terms included in these definitions are listed in alphabetical order under six headings to
facilitate quick reference. They are intended to apply to metal nails. Some of these terms are also
applicable to plastic nails. Omitted are terms relating to tacks, pins, drift pins, dowels, studs, spikes,
staples, and other fasteners, such as nail plates. Also omitted are terms relating to the testing and the
performance of nails, that is, their drivability, withdrawal resistance, lateral load transmission, creep,
protrusion resistance, and splitting; and methods of use, such as face, toe, side, and end-nailing,
spacing,loadingconditions,etc.Thesesubjectmatterswillbecoveredinaseparatedefinitionofterms
relating to mechanical fasteners.
Common acceptance and usage are the basis for most of the definitions listed. In some instances,
this common usage results in more than one definition for a given term. In other cases, registered
trademarks have become generic in nature; hence, they are included among the terms listed.
Anysuchlistingcannotbecomplete.AsadditionaltermsarereferredtotheSociety’sattention,they
will be included.
An asterisk (*) behind the name of a nail indicates that this particular nail type is described in
Specification F1667.
Whereas dimensions are normally not part of a definition, they are included in this standard because
they are essential in fully describing the fastener under consideration.
The definitions are listed under the following headings:
Nail Nail Heads Nail Threads
Nail Types Nail Points Miscellaneous Terms
1. Referenced Documents 2. Terminology
1.1 ASTM Standards:
NAIL
A510 Specification for General Requirements forWire Rods
nail—straight, slender fastener, usually pointed and headed; 6
and Coarse Round Wire, Carbon Steel
in. or less in length; designed to be driven; to hold two or
A700 Practices for Packaging, Marking, and Loading Meth-
more pieces together or to act as support. (See screw nail;
ods for Steel Products for Shipment (Withdrawn 2014)
drive screw.)
F1667 Specification for Driven Fasteners: Nails, Spikes, and
DISCUSSION—In contrast to screw—fastener, usually pointed and
Staples
headed; designed to be turned with a screwdriver or other device;
having in its simplest form one or two continuous spiral threads (such
as a wood screw thread) or a helical thread (such as a machine screw
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F16 on thread) or combinations thereof (such as a sheet-metal screw thread).
Fastenersand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F16.05 on Driven and
Other Fasteners.
NAIL TYPES
Current edition approved April 1, 2012. Published May 2012. Originally
approved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as F547 – 06. DOI: aluminum common nail*—plain-shank, aluminum-alloy, 1
10.1520/F0547-06R12. 5 17
by 0.072 to 6 by 0.262-in. nails with flat ⁄32 to ⁄32-in. head
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
and medium diamond point.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
5 3
apple-box nail—coated, regular-stock-steel, 1 ⁄8 and 1 ⁄4 by
the ASTM website.
0.080-in. nails with flat ⁄64-in. head and medium diamond
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org. point.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F547 − 06 (2012)
5 3
asbestosboard nail—galvanized, hardened-steel, helically broom nail*—bright, regular-stock-steel, ⁄8 to ⁄4 by 0.072 or
1 1 13 7
threaded, 1 ⁄4 and 1 ⁄2 by 0.083-in. screwnails with flat, 0.080-in. nails with flat ⁄64 or ⁄32 in. head and medium
slightly countersunk, ⁄16-in. head and blunt diamond point. diamond point.
asbestos-shingle nail— See shingle nail. cap nail—bright, galvanized or electroplated, plain-shank or
asphalt-shingle nail— See roofing nail. threaded, regular-stock-steel, ⁄4 by 0.105 to 6 by 0.135-in.
1 1
nails with integral nominal 1-in. cap head and medium
auto nail—nail of ⁄4 to 5 ⁄4-in. length, sheared off bright,
smooth, knurled, or helically fluted, regular-stock-steel or diamond point.
stiff-stock, 0.032-in. (21-gage) to 0.162-in. (8-gage) wire
car nail—light-duty or heavy-duty, bright or coated, barbed or
and driven subsequently by the same machine at a rapid rate.
helically threaded, regular-stock-steel, 1 ⁄2 by 0.105-in.
This nail has a sheared-bevel or sheared-square point.
(light) or 0.135-in. (heavy) to 6 by 0.225-in. (light) or
0.244-in. (heavy) nails and screwnails with flat or oval
barrel nail*—brightorcoated,regular-stock-steel, ⁄8by0.067
countersunk head and medium diamond point. Also, light-
to1 ⁄2by0.092-in.nailswithflat0.148to0.219-in.headand
duty or heavy-duty, coated, barbed or helically threaded,
medium diamond point.
regular-stock-steel, 1 ⁄2 by 0.092 or 0.106 to 6 by 0.207 or
5 3
basket nail—bright, regular-stock-steel, ⁄8 and ⁄4 by 0.048-in.
15 15
0.225-in. nails with oval countersunk ⁄64 to ⁄32-in. head
nails with large flat head and medium needle point.
and medium diamond point.
beer-case cleat nail—bright, regular-stock-steel, 1 by 0.080 to
casing nail*—bright or galvanized, slender, regular-stock-
7 3 1
1 ⁄8 by 0.106-in. nails with ⁄16 to ⁄4-in. oval head and
steel, 1 by 0.067 to 3 ⁄2 by 0.135-in. nails with flat or cupped
duckbill or clinch point.
0.099 to 0.177-in. casing head and medium diamond point
for countersinking where concealment is important.
beer-case hinge, lock and latch nail—bright, regular-stock-
5 5 3
steel, ⁄8 by 0.080 to 1 ⁄16 by 0.092-in. nails with oval ⁄16 to
cigar-box nail—bright, smooth, or barbed, regular-stock-steel,
⁄32-in. head and duckbill or clinch point.
1 5 3
⁄2 , ⁄8, ⁄4, and by 0.044-in. nails with flat slightly counter-
1 sunk 0.099-in. head and medium diamond point.
beer-case strap nail—bright, regular-stock-steel, 1 ⁄4 by 0.092
to2by0.113-in.nailswithoval ⁄64to-in.headandmedium
cleat—L-shaped nail.
diamond point.
1 7
cleat nail—bright, regular-stock-steel, 1 ⁄8 by 0.080 to 1 ⁄8 by
3 1
berry-box nail—bright, regular-stock-steel, ⁄4 to 1 ⁄4 by 0.054
3 1
0.106-in. nails with oval ⁄16 to ⁄4-in. head and duckbill or
and 0.062-in. nails with flat and medium diamond or needle
clinch point. (See clinch nail.)
point.
clinch nail—any nail designed for clinching after driving.
boat nail*—light-duty or heavy-duty, bright or galvanized,
Bright, regular-stock-steel, 1 by 0.080 to 4 by 0.177-in. nails
1 3 3
regular-stock-steel, 1 ⁄2 by ⁄16 to4by ⁄8-in., round-wire
3 3
withoval ⁄16to ⁄8-in.headandduckbillorclinchpoint.(See
13 3
nails with oval, countersunk, ⁄32 to ⁄4-in. head and medium
cleat nail.)
chisel point. Also, bright, annularly or helically threaded,
3 1
nonferrous or stainless-steel, 1 by 0.062 to 3 by 0.165-in., clout nail—bright, regular-stock-steel, ⁄4 by 0.072 to 1 ⁄2 by
0.092-in. nails with large flat 0.225 to 0.262-in. head and
round-wire nails with flat or oval, slightly countersunk, ⁄8 to
⁄8-in. head and medium diamond point. Also, galvanized, long side point or duckbill point.
regular-stock-steel, 2 to 2 ⁄2-in. square, cut nails with oval
collar nail—See collar head, gudgeon, projection head.
head.
common brad—See brad.
box nail*—bright, coated or galvanized, regular-stock-steel, 1 common cut nail*—normally, wedge-shaped, ⁄2 to 6-in. nails
by 0.058 to 5 by 0.162-in. nails, made of lighter-gage wire
of various types sheared from stiff-stock-sheet steel, with
11 13
than common nails and sinkers, with flat ⁄64 to ⁄32-in. head sheared-square point end narrower than upset head end.
and medium diamond point.
common nail*, common wire nail—bright, plain-shank,
brad*—small nail with small head.
regular-stock-steel, ⁄2 by 0.035 to 6 by 0.262-in. nails with
11 17
flat ⁄64 to ⁄32-in. head and medium diamond point.
brad, common wire— slender, regular-stock-steel, ⁄8 by
Diameter is larger than that for sinkers, coolers, corkers, and
0.035 to 6 by 0.262-in. wire nails with brad 0.050 to 0.331-in.
box nails of same length.
head and medium diamond point.
brad, cut—slender, usually small, regular-stock-steel nails of concrete nail*, concrete stub nail—hardened-steel, ⁄2 by
1 5
same thickness throughout, but tapering in width; with slight 0.135 to 3 ⁄2 by 0.207-in. nails with flat countersunk ⁄16 to
projection on one side serving as head. Also, tapering, square- ⁄2-in. head and medium diamond point.
bodied, finishing nail with countersunk head.
conduit nail—bright or copper-plated, regular-stock-steel or
3 1
brick-siding nail—galvanized, colored (baked-lacquer hardened-steel, 1 ⁄4 to 3 ⁄2 by 0.161-in. nails with annularly
finished), plain-shank barbed or annularly threaded, regular- threaded shank; bent, curved hook head, and medium needle
7 1 1 3
stock-steel, ⁄8 by 0.092 to 2 ⁄2 by 0.099-in. nails with flat point. Different types of head designed for fastening ⁄2, ⁄4 ,
3 1
checkered ⁄16 or ⁄4-in. head and medium diamond point. or 1-in. conduit, tubing, pipe, cable, etc.
F547 − 06 (2012)
cooler nail—usually coated, slender, regular-stock-steel, 1 by fine nail*—slender, bright, regular-stock-steel, ⁄2 by 0.035 to
7 11 19 1 1 11
0.062 to 2 ⁄8 by 0.120-in. nails with flat ⁄64 to ⁄64-in. head 1 ⁄8 by 0.072-in. nails with flat ⁄8 to ⁄64-in. head and
and medium diamond point, with head diameter same as or medium diamond point. Also, slender, electroplated,
1 1
smaller than that of common wire nail of same length. hardened-steel, 1 ⁄4 by 0.054 to 2 ⁄2 by 0.083-in. nails with
brad head and short diamond point.
copper common nail*—bright, solid-copper, ⁄8 by 0.065 to 6
by 0.284-in. nails with flat head and medium diamond point.
finishing nail*—slender, bright, regular-stock-steel, 1 by
0.058 to 4 by 0.135-in. nails with flat or cupped 0.086 to
corker nail*—usually coated, slender, regular-stock-steel, 1
0.177-in. brad head and medium diamond point for counter-
7 5 1
by 0.062 to 5 ⁄8 by 0.244-in. nails with ⁄32 to ⁄2-in. sinker
sinking where concealment of head is important. (See also,
head and medium diamond point.
fine nail, moulding and trim nails, wallboard nails.)
cork-insulation nail—galvanized, regular-stock-steel, 3 to 9
fire-door nail—bright, regular-stock-steel, barbed, 1 ⁄4 by
by0.148-in.nailswithflat ⁄2-in.headandmediumdiamond
0.092-in. nail (3d shingle nail) with flat ⁄4-in. head and
point.
medium diamond point and 2 by 0.099-in. nail (6d box nail)
corrugated roofing/siding nail—See roofing nail.
with flat ⁄64-in. head and medium diamond point.
dating nail—galvanized, regular-stock-steel, copper or brass,
flattened-shank nail—round wire nail with portion of shank
1 1 1 3 3 1
1 ⁄2 by ⁄4 to 2 ⁄2 by ⁄16-in. nails with ⁄8 to ⁄2-in. flat numeral
flattened for a certain distance between point and head to
head and medium diamond point.
facilitate driving of nail between steel members and wrap-
diaphragm nail—stout, bright or galvanized, regular-stock-
ping of flattened portion of shank around steel rod during
steel or hardened-steel, helically threaded, 1 ⁄2 by 0.135 to
driving.
1 5
2 ⁄2 by 0.148-in. nails with flat slightly countersunk ⁄16-in.
flooring brad—bright, regular-stock–steel, 2 by 0.120 to 4 by
head and medium diamond point.
0.192–in. nails with deep (32°) countersunk flat or cupped
double-headed*, duplex-head, dual-head, nail—bright or
0.162 to 0.244–in. head and medium diamond point. Also,
1 1
coated, regular-stock-steel, 1 ⁄4 by 0.113 to 4 by 0.207-in.
slender, bright, regular-stock-steel, 1 ⁄4 by 0.076 to 2 ⁄2 by
3 7
nailswithdouble ⁄16to ⁄16-in.head,mediumdiamondpoint,
0.113–in. nails with deep (32°) countersunk flat or cupped or
1 7
and ⁄4 to ⁄16-in. distance between head to be struck by
brad 0.128 to 0.155–in. head and blunt diamond point.
hammer and bearing head. Length of nails measured from
machine flooring brad——bright, regular stock-steel, 1 by
bearing surface of head.
0.072-in. nail with special 0.113-in. brad head with cylindrical
drive nail, drive screw—terms applied to helically threaded rim and medium diamond point.
nails, twisted nails, and annularly threaded shoe nail. (See
flooring nail*—bright, stiff-stock or hardened-steel, helically
nail, thread.)
threaded, 1 by 0.072 to 3 ⁄2 by 0.148-in. nails with flat or
9 9
drywall nail—See gypsum-wallboard nail. checkered ⁄64 to ⁄32-in. countersunk or casing head and
dual-head nail—See double-headed nail.
blunt diamond point.
duplex-head nail—See double-headed nail.
foundry nail, smooth foundry nail—bright, regular-stock-
egg-case nail—coated, regular-stock-steel, 1 ⁄8 by 0.072-in.
steel, ⁄4 by 0.120 to 9 by 0.162-in. nails with large thin flat
nail with flat ⁄32-in. head and sharp medium diamond point.
7 1
⁄16 to ⁄2-in. head and medium diamond point.
escutcheon pin—small, regular-stock-steel or nonferrous, ⁄4
framing nail—See common nail, threaded common nail,
by 0.035 to 2 by 0.092-in. nails with oval head and medium
threaded nail.
diamond point.
fruit-box nail—coated, regular-stock-steel, 1 ⁄8 by 0.072-in.
face nail—See siding nail.
nail with flat ⁄32-in. head and medium diamond point.
fence nail—stout, bright, regular-stock-steel, 1 ⁄4 by 0.135 to 4
3 3
9 15 furniture nail—plated,regular-stock-steelorbrass, ⁄8to ⁄4-in.
by 0.225-in. nails with large flat ⁄32 to ⁄32-in. head and
nails with extra large, decorative head and long diamond or
medium diamond point.
needle point.
fetter ring nail—term applied to annularly threaded nail. (See
furniture-carton nail—bright, regular-stock-steel, ⁄4 to 2-in.
thread.)
nails with circular 1-in. cap head and medium diamond
fiberboard nail—brightorelectroplated,regular-stock-steelor
point. (See cap nail.)
hardened-steel 1 by 0.054 to 2 by 0.062-in. nails with flat ⁄32
furring nail—See self-furring nail.
or ⁄64-in. head and medium needle point.
general-purpose nail— See common nail.
field-box nail—coated, barbed, regular-stock-steel, 2 by 0.099
glulam rivet nail*—plain or galvanized, flat, hardened-steel,
1 1
to 2 ⁄4 by 0.106-in. nails with ⁄4-in. oval head and medium
3 1
2 ⁄8 by ⁄4-in. nail with sheared V-shaped point and flat upset
diamond point.
wedge-shapedhead;designedtobedriventhroughundersize
file-grip nail, file-thread nail—terms app
...
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