ASTM D3466-06(2011)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Ignition Temperature of Granular Activated Carbon
Standard Test Method for Ignition Temperature of Granular Activated Carbon
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Activated carbons used in gas-phase adsorption may be subjected to heating, either from heat applied externally to the carbon bed, or heat generated by radioactive contaminants, or by the adsorption process itself. If the application of heat is sudden, or if no ample means to conduct the heat from the carbon bed exists, the carbon bed may ignite. This test method provides a controlled laboratory test to determine the temperatures at which such ignition occurs. As stated in 1.2, this does not necessarily give the temperature at which ignition will occur under a specific bed operating condition. This test method does, however, allow some ranking of carbons with regard to ignition temperature, and is a useful quality-control method for unused carbons.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of reference ignition temperature of granular activated carbon in flowing air. This test method provides a basis for comparing the ignition characteristics of different carbons, or the change in ignition characteristics of the same carbon after a period of service.
1.2 The ignition temperature as determined by this test method cannot be interpreted as the probable ignition temperature of the same carbon under the operating conditions of a specific application unless those conditions are essentially the same as those in this test method. If it is desired to determine the ignition temperature of the carbon under a specific set of operating conditions, the test may be modified to simulate such conditions, taking into consideration the following variables: (1) air flow rate; (2) moisture content of the carbon; (3) bed depth; (4) relative humidity of the air stream; (5) heating rate; (6) contaminants (for example, hydrocarbons, etc.) in the air stream; and (7) contaminants that may have been adsorbed by the carbon under prior service conditions.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 7.
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation: D3466 − 06 (Reapproved 2011)
Standard Test Method for
Ignition Temperature of Granular Activated Carbon
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3466; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D2854 Test Method for Apparent Density of Activated
Carbon
1.1 This test method covers the determination of reference
D3195 Practice for Rotameter Calibration
ignition temperature of granular activated carbon in flowing
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test
air. This test method provides a basis for comparing the
Sieves
ignition characteristics of different carbons, or the change in
E220 Test Method for Calibration of Thermocouples By
ignition characteristics of the same carbon after a period of
Comparison Techniques
service.
E300 Practice for Sampling Industrial Chemicals
1.2 The ignition temperature as determined by this test
method cannot be interpreted as the probable ignition tempera-
3. Terminology
ture of the same carbon under the operating conditions of a
3.1 Definitions—Terms relating to this test method are
specific application unless those conditions are essentially the
2 defined in Terminology D2652.
same as those in this test method. If it is desired to determine
the ignition temperature of the carbon under a specific set of
4. Summary of Test Method
operating conditions, the test may be modified to simulate such
4.1 Asampleofcarbonisexposedtoaheatedairstream,the
conditions, taking into consideration the following variables:
(1) air flow rate; (2) moisture content of the carbon; (3) bed temperature of which is slowly increased until the carbon
ignites. The temperature of the carbon bed and of the air
depth; (4) relative humidity of the air stream; (5) heating rate;
(6) contaminants (for example, hydrocarbons, etc.) in the air entering the bed are recorded, and ignition is defined as the
point at which the carbon temperature suddenly rises above the
stream; and (7) contaminants that may have been adsorbed by
the carbon under prior service conditions. temperature of the air entering the bed.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
5. Significance and Use
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard. 5.1 Activated carbons used in gas-phase adsorption may be
subjected to heating, either from heat applied externally to the
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
carbon bed, or heat generated by radioactive contaminants, or
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
by the adsorption process itself. If the application of heat is
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
sudden, or if no ample means to conduct the heat from the
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
carbon bed exists, the carbon bed may ignite. This test method
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau-
provides a controlled laboratory test to determine the tempera-
tionary statements are given in Section 7.
tures at which such ignition occurs. As stated in 1.2, this does
2. Referenced Documents
not necessarily give the temperature at which ignition will
occur under a specific bed operating condition. This test
2.1 ASTM Standards:
method does, however, allow some ranking of carbons with
D2652 Terminology Relating to Activated Carbon
regard to ignition temperature, and is a useful quality-control
method for unused carbons.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D28 on
Activated Carbon and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D28.04 on Gas
6. Apparatus
Phase Evaluation Tests.
Current edition approved March 1, 2011. Published May 2011. Originally
6.1 Quartz Ignition Tube and Sample Holder, as shown in
approved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D4366 – 06. DOI:
Fig. 1.
10.1520/D3466-06R11.
Y. Suzin et al., Carbon 37 (1999), pp. 335–346.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Milham and Kovoch, “Treatment of Airborne Radioactive Wastes,” Interna-
the ASTM website. tional Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 1968 (Paper SM-110/49).
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D3466 − 06 (2011)
FIG. 1 Ignition Tube and Sample Assembly
6.2 Thermocouples, Chromel-Alumel with Inconel sheath, 6.8 Quartz Beads,4-mmindiameterorsmallerasneededto
0.635-mm diameter, three required. prevent fluidization.
6.3 Supply of Clean, Dry, Oil-Free Air—The air must be
6.9 Sieves, (two) 76.2-mm in diameter, 150-µm conforming
passed through a HEPA filter and a bed of activated carbon
to Specification E11.
containing at least 300 mLof carbon per litre per minute of air
6.10 Potentiometric Recorder or equivalent readout for
flow. Relative humidity of the air must be less than 5 % at
thermocouples (3 or more points).
25°C.
6.11 Programmable Temperature Controller (Optional).
6.4 Flowmeter, capable of metering air flow rates to 20
L/min.
7. Hazards
6.5 Heating Mantle, tape, or oven to surround the ignition
7.1
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