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ASTM D5961/D5961M-05e1

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Bearing Response of Polymer Matrix Composite Laminates

Standard Test Method for Bearing Response of Polymer Matrix Composite Laminates

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the bearing response of multi-directional polymer matrix composite laminates reinforced by high-modulus fibers by either double-shear (Procedure A) tensile loading or single-shear (Procedure B) tensile or compressive loading of a specimen. Standard specimen configurations using fixed values of test parameters are described for each procedure. However, when fully documented in the test report, a number of test parameters may be optionally varied. The composite material forms are limited to continuous-fiber or discontinuous-fiber (tape or fabric, or both) reinforced composites for which the laminate is balanced and symmetric with respect to the test direction. The range of acceptable test laminates and thicknesses are described in 8.2.1.
1.2 This test method is consistent with the recommendations of MIL-HDBK-17, which describes the desirable attributes of a bearing response test method.
1.3 The multi-fastener test configurations described in this test method are similar to those used by industry to investigate the bypass portion of the bearing bypass interaction response for bolted joints, where the specimen may produce either a bearing failure mode or a bypass failure mode. While this test method may be referenced as guidance in bearing bypass test programs, the scope of this test method is limited to bearing failure modes.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text the inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
28-Feb-2007
ICS
83.120 - Reinforced plastics
Technical Committee
D30 - Composite Materials
Drafting Committee
D30.05 - Structural Test Methods
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D5961/D5961M-05 - Standard Test Method for Bearing Response of Polymer Matrix Composite Laminates
Effective Date
01-Mar-2007
Replaced By
ASTM D5961/D5961M-08 - Standard Test Method for Bearing Response of Polymer Matrix Composite Laminates
Effective Date
15-Sep-2008
Referred By
ASTM D8509/D8509M-23 - Standard Guide for Test Method Selection and Test Specimen Design for Bolted Joint Related Properties
Effective Date
01-Mar-2007
Referred By
ASTM D6856/D6856M-03(2016) - Standard Guide for Testing Fabric-Reinforced “Textile” Composite Materials
Effective Date
01-Mar-2007
Referred By
ASTM D4762-18 - Standard Guide for Testing Polymer Matrix Composite Materials
Effective Date
01-Mar-2007
Referred By
ASTM D8387/D8387M-21 - Standard Test Method for High Bypass – Low Bearing Interaction Response of Polymer Matrix Composite Laminates
Effective Date
01-Mar-2007
Referred By
ASTM C273/C273M-20 - Standard Test Method for Shear Properties of Sandwich Core Materials
Effective Date
01-Mar-2007
Referred By
ASTM D6873/D6873M-23 - Standard Practice for Bearing Fatigue Response of Polymer Matrix Composite Laminates
Effective Date
01-Mar-2007

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ASTM D5961/D5961M-05e1 - Standard Test Method for Bearing Response of Polymer Matrix Composite LaminatesASTM D5961/D5961M-05e1 - Standard Test Method for Bearing Response of Polymer Matrix Composite Laminates
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ASTM D5961/D5961M-05e1 - Standard Test Method for Bearing Response of Polymer Matrix Composite Laminates
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
e1
Designation:D5961/D5961M–05
Standard Test Method for
1
Bearing Response of Polymer Matrix Composite Laminates
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5961/D 5961M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
e NOTE—The units of measurement in the last sentence of 7.1 were corrected editorially in April 2007.
1. Scope priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.1 This test method covers the bearing response of multi-
directional polymer matrix composite laminates reinforced by
2. Referenced Documents
high-modulus fibers by either double-shear (Procedure A)
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
tensile loading or single-shear (Procedure B) tensile or com-
D 792 TestMethodsforDensityandSpecificGravity(Rela-
pressive loading of a specimen. Standard specimen configura-
tive Density) of Plastics by Displacement
tions using fixed values of test parameters are described for
D 883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
each procedure. However, when fully documented in the test
D 953 Test Method for Bearing Strength of Plastics
report, a number of test parameters may be optionally varied.
D 2584 Test Method for Ignition Loss of Cured Reinforced
The composite material forms are limited to continuous-fiber
Resins
or discontinuous-fiber (tape or fabric, or both) reinforced
D 2734 Test Method for Void Content of Reinforced Plas-
composites for which the laminate is balanced and symmetric
tics
with respect to the test direction. The range of acceptable test
D 3171 Test Method for Constituent Content of Composite
laminates and thicknesses are described in 8.2.1.
Materials
1.2 Thistestmethodisconsistentwiththerecommendations
D 3878 Terminology for Composite Materials
of MIL-HDBK-17, which describes the desirable attributes of
D 5229/D 5229M Test Method for Moisture Absorption
a bearing response test method.
Properties and Equilibrium Conditioning of Polymer Ma-
1.3 The multi-fastener test configurations described in this
trix Composite Materials
test method are similar to those used by industry to investigate
D 5687/D 5687M Guide for Preparation of Flat Composite
the bypass portion of the bearing bypass interaction response
Panels with Processing Guidelines for Specimen Prepara-
for bolted joints, where the specimen may produce either a
tion
bearing failure mode or a bypass failure mode. While this test
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
method may be referenced as guidance in bearing bypass test
E6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Test-
programs, the scope of this test method is limited to bearing
ing
failure modes.
E83 Practice for Verification and Classification of Exten-
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
someter System
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text the
E 122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate,
inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in
With a Specified Tolerable Error, the Average for a
each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system
Characteristic of a Lot or Process
must be used independently of the other. Combining values
E 177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the
ASTM Test Methods
standard.
E 238 Test Method for Pin-Type Bearing Test of Metallic
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Materials
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
E 456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
E 1309 Guide for Identification of Fiber-Reinforced
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D30 on
Composite Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D30.05 on
2
Structural Test Methods. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved March 1, 2005. Published March 2005. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D 5961/D 5961M – 01 Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
e1 . the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
e1
D5961/D5961M–05
Polymer-Matrix Composite Materials in Databases 3.10 edge distance ratio, e/D [nd], n—in a bearing speci-
E 1434 GuideforRecordingMechanicalTestDataofFibe
...

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Standard Test Method for Bearing Response of Polymer Matrix Composite Laminates

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5.1 Refer to Guide D8509.
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1.1 This test method covers the bearing response of pinned or fastened joints using multi-directional polymer matrix composite laminates reinforced by high-modulus fibers by double-shear tensile loading (Procedure A), single-shear tensile or compressive loading of a two-piece specimen (Procedure B), single-shear tensile loading of a one-piece specimen (Procedure C), or double-shear compressive loading (Procedure D). Standard specimen configurations using fixed values of test parameters are described for each procedure. However, when fully documented in the test report, a number of test parameters may be optionally varied. The composite material forms are limited to continuous-fiber or discontinuous-fiber (tape or fabric, or both) reinforced composites for which the laminate is balanced and symmetric with respect to the test direction. The range of acceptable test laminates and thicknesses are described in 8.2.1.  
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1.1 This practice provides instructions for modifying static open-hole tensile and compressive strength test methods to determine the fatigue behavior of composite materials subjected to cyclic tensile or compressive forces, or both. The composite material forms are limited to continuous-fiber reinforced polymer matrix composites in which the laminate is both symmetric and balanced with respect to the test direction. The range of acceptable test laminates and thicknesses are described in 8.2.  
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ASTM D6742/D6742M-23(Practice)
Standard Practice for Filled-Hole Tension and Compression Testing of Polymer Matrix Composite Laminates

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5.1 Refer to Guide D8509.
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1.1 This practice provides instructions for modifying open-hole tension and compression test methods to determine filled-hole tensile and compressive strengths. The composite material forms are limited to continuous-fiber reinforced polymer matrix composites in which the laminate is both symmetric and balanced with respect to the test direction. The range of acceptable test laminates and thicknesses are described in 8.2.1.  
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5.1 Refer to Guide D8509.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method determines the uniaxial high bypass - low bearing interaction response of multi-directional polymer matrix composite laminates reinforced by high-modulus fibers using a two-fastener hard point joint specimen. The scope of this test method is limited to net section (bypass) failure modes. Standard specimen configurations using fixed values of test parameters are described for this procedure. A number of test parameters may be varied within the scope of the standard, provided that the parameters are fully documented in the test report. The composite material forms are limited to continuous-fiber or discontinuous-fiber (tape or fabric, or both) reinforced composites for which the laminate is balanced and symmetric with respect to the test direction. The range of acceptable test laminates and thicknesses are described in 8.2.1. This test method was previously published under Test Method D7248/D7248M-17 Procedure C.  
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1.3 The two-fastener test configurations described in this test method are intended to provide data in the relatively high bypass, low bearing part of the composite bolted joint bearing-bypass interaction diagram. This data complements the data from filled hole tension and compression (Practice D6742/D6742M), bearing (Test Method D5961/D5961M), and low bypass/high bearing interaction (Test Method D7248/D7248M) tests.  
1.4 This test method requires careful specimen design, instrumentation, data measurement, and data analysis. The use of this test method requires close coordination between the test requestor and the test lab personnel. Test requestors need to be familiar with the data analysis procedures of this test method and should not expect test labs who are unfamiliar with this test method to be able to produce acceptable results without close coordination.  
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Standard Test Method for Measuring the Fastener Pull-Through Resistance of a Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Matrix Composite

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Refer to Guide D8509.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method determines the fastener pull-through resistance of multidirectional polymer matrix composites reinforced by high-modulus fibers. Fastener pull-through resistance is characterized by the force-versus-displacement response exhibited when a mechanical fastener is pulled through a composite plate, with the force applied perpendicular to the plane of the plate. The composite material forms are limited to continuous-fiber or discontinuous-fiber (tape or fabric, or both) reinforced composites for which the laminate is symmetric and balanced with respect to the test direction. The range of acceptable test laminates and thicknesses is defined in 8.2.  
1.2 Two test procedures and configurations are provided. The first, Procedure A, is suitable for screening and fastener development purposes. The second, Procedure B, is configuration-dependent and is suitable for establishing design values. Both procedures can be used to perform comparative evaluations of candidate fasteners/fastener system designs.  
1.3 The specimens described herein may not be representative of actual joints which may contain one or more free edges adjacent to the fastener, or may contain multiple fasteners that can change the actual boundary conditions.  
1.4 This test method is consistent with the recommendations of CMH-17, which describes the desirable attributes of a fastener pull-through test method.  
1.5 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.5.1 Within the text, the inch-pound units are shown in brackets.  
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Standard Test Method for Open-Hole Tensile Strength of Polymer Matrix Composite Laminates

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Refer to Guide D8509.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method determines the open-hole tensile strength of multidirectional polymer matrix composite laminates reinforced by high-modulus fibers. The composite material forms are limited to continuous-fiber or discontinuous-fiber (tape or fabric, or both) reinforced composites in which the laminate is balanced and symmetric with respect to the test direction. The range of acceptable test laminates and thicknesses are described in 8.2.1.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
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ASTM D6264/D6264M-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Measuring the Damage Resistance of a Fiber-Reinforced Polymer-Matrix Composite to a Concentrated Quasi-Static Indentation Force

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Susceptibility to damage from concentrated out-of-plane forces is one of the major design concerns of many structures made of advanced composite laminates. Knowledge of the damage resistance properties of a laminated composite plate is useful for product development and material selection.  
5.2 QSI testing can serve the following purposes:  
5.2.1 To simulate the force-displacement relationships of impacts governed by boundary conditions (1-7).5 These are typically relatively large-mass low-velocity hard-body impacts on plates with a relatively small unsupported region. Since the test is run slowly in displacement control, the desired damage state can be obtained in a controlled manner. Associating specific damage events with a force during a drop-weight impact test is often difficult due to the oscillations in the force history. In addition, a specific sequence of damage events may be identified during quasi-static loading while the final damage state is only identifiable after a drop-weight impact test.  
5.2.2 To provide an estimate of the impact energy required to obtain a similar damage state for drop-weight impact testing if all others parameters are held constant.  
5.2.3 To establish quantitatively the effects of stacking sequence, fiber surface treatment, variations in fiber volume fraction, and processing and environmental variables on the damage resistance of a particular composite laminate to a concentrated indentation force.  
5.2.4 To compare quantitatively the relative values of the damage resistance parameters for composite materials with different constituents. The damage response parameters can include dent depth, damage dimensions and through-thickness locations, Fmax , Ea, and Emax, as well as the force versus indenter displacement curve.  
5.2.5 To impart damage in a specimen for subsequent damage tolerance tests, such as Test Method D7137/D7137M.  
5.2.6 To measure the indentation response of the specimen with and without bending us...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method determines the damage resistance of multidirectional polymer matrix composite laminated plates subjected to a concentrated indentation force (Fig. 1). Procedures are specified for determining the damage resistance for a test specimen supported over a circular opening and for a rigidly-backed test specimen. The composite material forms are limited to continuous-fiber reinforced polymer matrix composites, with the range of acceptable test laminates and thicknesses defined in 8.2. This test method may prove useful for other types and classes of composite materials.
FIG. 1 Quasi-Static Indentation Test  
1.1.1 Instructions for modifying these procedures to determine damage resistance properties of sandwich constructions are provided in Practice D7766/D7766M.  
1.2 A flat, square composite plate is subjected to an out-of-plane, concentrated force by slowly pressing a hemispherical indenter into the surface. The damage resistance is quantified in terms of a critical contact force to cause a specific size and type of damage in the specimen.  
1.3 The test method may be used to screen materials for damage resistance, or to inflict damage into a specimen for subsequent damage tolerance testing. The indented plate can be subsequently tested in accordance with Test Method D7137/D7137M to measure residual strength properties. Drop-weight impact per Test Method D7136/D7136M may be used as an alternate method of creating damage from an out-of-plane force and measuring damage resistance properties.  
1.4 The damage resistance properties generated by this test method are highly dependent upon several factors, which include specimen geometry, layup, indenter geometry, force, and boundary conditions. Thus, results are generally not scalable to other configurations, and are particular to the combination of geometric and physical conditions tested.  
1.5 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound u...

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    English language
    sale 15% off