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ASTM D4771-02

(Specification)

Standard Performance Specification for Knitted Upholstery Fabrics for Indoor Furniture

Standard Performance Specification for Knitted Upholstery Fabrics for Indoor Furniture

ABSTRACT
This performance specification covers the performance requirements for knitted upholstery fabrics as used in the manufacture of new indoor furniture for general domestic use. These requirements apply to both the wale and course directions for those factors where each fabric direction is pertinent. This performance specification is not applicable to fabrics used in contract, porch, deck, or lawn furniture; nor for woven fabrics, bonded or laminated fabrics, or surface-coated fabrics (such as vinyls and urethanes). The fabric shall be tested for its resistance to yarn slippage, dimensional change, and colorfastness to water, solvent, crocking, burnt gas fumes, light, and ozone. After the fabric has been tested, it shall be evaluated for any change in hand, character, or appearance. The fabric shall be evaluated for cracking or peeling of the back coating to check the coating durability. The fabric flammability shall also be tested. All upholstery fabrics shall be evaluated for cigarette ignition resistance.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the performance requirements for knitted upholstery fabrics as used in the manufacture of new indoor furniture for general domestic use. These requirements apply to both the wale and course directions for those factors where each fabric direction is pertinent.
1.2 This specification is not applicable to fabrics used in contract, porch, deck, or lawn furniture; nor for woven fabrics, bonded or laminated fabrics, or surface-coated fabrics (such as vinyls and urethanes).
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods described in this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Note 2.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Mar-2002
ICS
59.080.30 - Textile fabrics
97.140 - Furniture
Technical Committee
D13 - Textiles
Drafting Committee
D13.63 - Home Furnishings
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D4771-95(2001) - Standard Specification for Knitted Upholstery Fabrics for Indoor Furniture
Effective Date
01-Apr-2002
Replaced By
ASTM D4771-19 - Standard Performance Specification for Knitted Upholstery Fabrics for Indoor Furniture
Effective Date
15-Jan-2019
Referred By
ASTM D7023-06(2018) - Standard Terminology Relating to Home Furnishings
Effective Date
01-Apr-2002
Referred By
ASTM D4852-18 - Standard Practice for Evaluation of Attached Upholstery Fabrics
Effective Date
01-Apr-2002

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ASTM D4771-02 - Standard Performance Specification for Knitted Upholstery Fabrics for Indoor FurnitureASTM D4771-02 - Standard Performance Specification for Knitted Upholstery Fabrics for Indoor Furniture
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ASTM D4771-02 - Standard Performance Specification for Knitted Upholstery Fabrics for Indoor Furniture
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D 4771 – 02
Standard Performance Specification for
1
Knitted Upholstery Fabrics for Indoor Furniture
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4771; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 129 Colorfastness to Ozone in the Atmosphere Under High
Humidities
1.1 This performance specification covers the performance
Evaluation Procedure No. 1 Gray Scale for Color Change
requirements for knitted upholstery fabrics as used in the
Evaluation Procedure No. 2 Gray Scale for Staining
manufacture of new indoor furniture for general domestic use.
Evaluation Procedure No. 9–Step AATCC Chromatic
These requirements apply to both the wale and course direc-
Transference Scale
tions for those factors where each fabric direction is pertinent.
2.3 Federal Standard:
1.2 This performance specification is not applicable to
16CFR, Chapter II-Consumer Product Safety Commission,
fabrics used in contract, porch, deck, or lawn furniture; nor for
5
Subchapter D-Flammable Fabrics Act Regulations
woven fabrics, bonded or laminated fabrics, or surface-coated
2.4 Military Standard:
fabrics (such as vinyls and urethanes).
ASQ/ANSI Z1.4 Sampling Procedures and Tables for In-
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the
6
spection by Attributes
test methods described in this specification: This standard does
2.5 Other Documents:
not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any,
Joint Industry Knit Upholstery Fabric Standards and Guide-
associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this
7
lines
standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices
8
Guides for the Household Furniture Industry
and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior
9
California Bulletin 117
to use. See Note 2.
UFAC Fabric Classification Test Method for Cigarette
10
2. Referenced Documents
Smolder Resistance
2.1 ASTM Standards:
NOTE 1—Reference to test methods in this specification give only the
2
D 123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
permanent part of the designation of ASTM, AATCC, or other test
11
D 2905 Practice for Statements on Number of Specimens methods. The current editions of each test method cited shall prevail
2
for Textiles
3. Terminology
D 4033 Test Method for Resistance to Yarn Slippage at the
3.1 Definitions:
Sewn Seam in Upholstery Fabrics (Dynamic Fatigue
3
3.1.1 contract furniture, n—furniture manufactured for use
Method)
4
in non-household applications.
2.2 AATCC Methods:
3.1.2 indoor furniture, n—furniture manufactured for use in
8 Colorfastness to Crocking: AATCC Crockmeter Method
the interior of a building.
16 Colorfastness to Light
23 Colorfastness to Burnt Gas Fumes
5
107 Colorfastness to Water
Available from Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing
Office, Washington, DC 20402.
116 Colorfastness to Crocking: Rotary Vertical Crockmeter
6
AvailablefromStandardizationDocumentsOrderDesk,Bldg.4SectionD,700
Method
Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.
7
Issued 1980, available from American Furniture Manufacturers Association,
Box HP-7, High Point, NC 27261.
1 8
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Available from the Bureau of Consumer Protection, Federal Trade Commis-
Textiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.63 on Home sion, Washington, DC 20580. Promulgated by the FTC on Dec. 21, 1973, to be
Furnishings. effective on March 21, 1974.
9
Current edition approvedApril 2002. Published July 2002. Originally published Available from California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Home
as D 4771 – 88. Last previous edition D 4771 – 95(2001). Furnishings, 3485 Orange Grove Ave., North Highlands, CA 95660.
2 10
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.01. Available from UFAC Central, Box 2436, High Point, NC 27261.
3 11
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.02. The carbon-arc and xenon fade-ometers available from the Atlas Electric
4
AATCC Technical Manual, available from theAmericanAssociation of Textile Devices Co., 4114 N. Ravenswood Ave., Chicago, IL 60613, have been found
Chemists and Colorists, P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. satisfactory for this test method.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D 4771
3.1.3 upholstery fabric, n—the exterior fabric covering 6. Test Methods
applied to a furniture unit.
6.1 Resistance to Yarn Slippage—Determine the resistance
3.1.4 upholstered furniture, n—furniture cove
...

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5.1 Test Method D4034 for measuring the resistance to fabric yarn slippage is considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of woven upholstery fabrics.  
5.1.1 In case of disagreement arising from differences in values reported by the purchaser and the supplier when using this test method for acceptance testing, the statistical bias, if any, between the laboratory of the supplier and the laboratory of the purchaser should be determined with comparisons being based on the testing of specimens taken from a lot of material of the type evaluated to be as nearly homogeneous as possible and then randomly assigned in equal numbers to each of the laboratories.  
5.2 This test method is intended to measure fabric yarn slippage at the sewn seam in upholstery fabrics under controlled conditions. This test method may not indicate actual field performance.  
5.3 Fabrics that do not meet the requirements agreed upon between the purchaser and supplier should be classified as “delicate yarn slippage resistance” and the purchaser and furniture manufacturer so notified.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method measures the resistance to slippage of warp yarns over filling yarns, or filling yarns over warp yarns, in woven upholstery fabrics, using a specific standard seam assembly by comparing the differences in test curves from a sewn and unsewn sample.
Note 1: This test method is derived from Test Method D434, from which appropriate changes have been made to make the method more applicable for upholstery fabrics.
Note 2: This test method is designed to be a fabric test and is considered to be technically different than Test Method D1683, which is considered to be a yarn / seam test.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
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ASTM D4771-19(Specification)
Standard Performance Specification for Knitted Upholstery Fabrics for Indoor Furniture

ABSTRACT
This performance specification covers the performance requirements for knitted upholstery fabrics as used in the manufacture of new indoor furniture for general domestic use. These requirements apply to both the wale and course directions for those factors where each fabric direction is pertinent. This performance specification is not applicable to fabrics used in contract, porch, deck, or lawn furniture; nor for woven fabrics, bonded or laminated fabrics, or surface-coated fabrics (such as vinyls and urethanes). The fabric shall be tested for its resistance to yarn slippage, dimensional change, and colorfastness to water, solvent, crocking, burnt gas fumes, light, and ozone. After the fabric has been tested, it shall be evaluated for any change in hand, character, or appearance. The fabric shall be evaluated for cracking or peeling of the back coating to check the coating durability. The fabric flammability shall also be tested. All upholstery fabrics shall be evaluated for cigarette ignition resistance.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Fabrics intended for this end-use should meet all of the requirements listed in Table 1.  
5.2 It should be recognized that fabrics can be produced utilizing an almost infinite number of combinations of construction variables (for example, type of fibers, percentage of fibers, yarn twist, yarn number, warp and pick count, chemical and mechanical finishes.) Additionally, fashion or aesthetics dictate that the ultimate consumer may find acceptable articles made from fabrics that do not conform to all of the requirements in Table 1.  
5.2.1 Hence, no single performance specification can possibly apply to all the various fabrics that could be utilized for this end-use.  
5.3 The uses and significance of particular properties and test method are discussed in the appropriate sections of the specified test methods.
SCOPE
1.1 This performance specification covers the performance requirements for knitted upholstery fabrics as used in the manufacture of new indoor furniture for general domestic use. These requirements apply to both the wale and course directions for those factors where each fabric direction is pertinent.  
1.2 This performance specification is not applicable to fabrics used in contract, porch, deck, or lawn furniture; nor for woven fabrics, bonded or laminated fabrics, or surface-coated fabrics (such as vinyls and urethanes).  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Note 2. See 6.4.1 for a specific warning.  
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ASTM D3597-02(2018)e1(Specification)
Standard Performance Specification for Woven Upholstery Fabrics—Plain, Tufted, or Flocked

ABSTRACT
This performance specification covers the performance requirements for plain, tufted, or flocked woven upholstery fabrics as used in the manufacture of new indoor furniture. These requirements apply to both the warp and filling directions for those factors where each fabric direction is pertinent. Tests shall be made to determine the properties of the material in accordance with the following test methods: breaking strength; tear strength; resistance to yarn slippage; surface abrasion; dimensional change; colorfastness to water; colorfastness to solvent; colorfastness to burnt gas fumes; colorfastness to crocking; colorfastness to light; colorfastness to ozone; durability of back coating; flammability; and FTC requirements.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Fabrics intended for this end-use should meet all of the requirements listed in Table 1. (A) For guideline purposes see 6.4.1.(B) Class in the colorfastness requirements is based on a numerical scale of 5 for negligible for no colorchange or color transfer to 1 for very severe color change or color transfer.(C) For guidelines purposes—See Section 6.6.2.(D) AATCC Gray Scale for Color Change.(E) AATCC 9-Step Chromatic Transference Scale.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This performance specification covers the performance requirements for plain, tufted, or flocked woven upholstery fabrics as used in the manufacture of new indoor furniture. These requirements apply to both the warp and filling directions for those factors where each fabric direction is pertinent.  
1.2 This performance specification is not applicable to fabrics used in porch, deck, or lawn furniture; nor for knitted fabrics, bonded or laminated fabrics, or surface-coated fabrics (such as vinyls and urethanes).  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
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1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D4034/D4034M-19(Test Method)
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Test Method D4034 for measuring the resistance to fabric yarn slippage is considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of woven upholstery fabrics.  
5.1.1 In case of disagreement arising from differences in values reported by the purchaser and the supplier when using this test method for acceptance testing, the statistical bias, if any, between the laboratory of the supplier and the laboratory of the purchaser should be determined with comparisons being based on the testing of specimens taken from a lot of material of the type evaluated to be as nearly homogeneous as possible and then randomly assigned in equal numbers to each of the laboratories.  
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ABSTRACT
This performance specification covers the performance requirements for knitted upholstery fabrics as used in the manufacture of new indoor furniture for general domestic use. These requirements apply to both the wale and course directions for those factors where each fabric direction is pertinent. This performance specification is not applicable to fabrics used in contract, porch, deck, or lawn furniture; nor for woven fabrics, bonded or laminated fabrics, or surface-coated fabrics (such as vinyls and urethanes). The fabric shall be tested for its resistance to yarn slippage, dimensional change, and colorfastness to water, solvent, crocking, burnt gas fumes, light, and ozone. After the fabric has been tested, it shall be evaluated for any change in hand, character, or appearance. The fabric shall be evaluated for cracking or peeling of the back coating to check the coating durability. The fabric flammability shall also be tested. All upholstery fabrics shall be evaluated for cigarette ignition resistance.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Fabrics intended for this end-use should meet all of the requirements listed in Table 1.  
5.2 It should be recognized that fabrics can be produced utilizing an almost infinite number of combinations of construction variables (for example, type of fibers, percentage of fibers, yarn twist, yarn number, warp and pick count, chemical and mechanical finishes.) Additionally, fashion or aesthetics dictate that the ultimate consumer may find acceptable articles made from fabrics that do not conform to all of the requirements in Table 1.  
5.2.1 Hence, no single performance specification can possibly apply to all the various fabrics that could be utilized for this end-use.  
5.3 The uses and significance of particular properties and test method are discussed in the appropriate sections of the specified test methods.
SCOPE
1.1 This performance specification covers the performance requirements for knitted upholstery fabrics as used in the manufacture of new indoor furniture for general domestic use. These requirements apply to both the wale and course directions for those factors where each fabric direction is pertinent.  
1.2 This performance specification is not applicable to fabrics used in contract, porch, deck, or lawn furniture; nor for woven fabrics, bonded or laminated fabrics, or surface-coated fabrics (such as vinyls and urethanes).  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Note 2. See 6.4.1 for a specific warning.  
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This performance specification covers the performance requirements for plain, tufted, or flocked woven upholstery fabrics as used in the manufacture of new indoor furniture. These requirements apply to both the warp and filling directions for those factors where each fabric direction is pertinent. Tests shall be made to determine the properties of the material in accordance with the following test methods: breaking strength; tear strength; resistance to yarn slippage; surface abrasion; dimensional change; colorfastness to water; colorfastness to solvent; colorfastness to burnt gas fumes; colorfastness to crocking; colorfastness to light; colorfastness to ozone; durability of back coating; flammability; and FTC requirements.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Fabrics intended for this end-use should meet all of the requirements listed in Table 1. (A) For guideline purposes see 6.4.1.(B) Class in the colorfastness requirements is based on a numerical scale of 5 for negligible for no colorchange or color transfer to 1 for very severe color change or color transfer.(C) For guidelines purposes—See Section 6.6.2.(D) AATCC Gray Scale for Color Change.(E) AATCC 9-Step Chromatic Transference Scale.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This performance specification covers the performance requirements for plain, tufted, or flocked woven upholstery fabrics as used in the manufacture of new indoor furniture. These requirements apply to both the warp and filling directions for those factors where each fabric direction is pertinent.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers hot- and cold-worked precipitation-hardenable nickel alloy rod, bar, forgings, and forging stock for moderate or high temperature service (Table 1).  
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1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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SCOPE
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SCOPE
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1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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1.2 Spill responders have available several means to control or clean up spilled oil. Chemical dispersants should be given equal consideration with other spill countermeasures.  
1.3 This is a general guide only. Oil, as used in this guide, includes crude oils and refined petroleum products. Differences between individual dispersants or between different oil products are not considered. The dispersibility of the oil with the chosen dispersant should be evaluated.  
1.4 The guide is organized by habitat type, for example, small ponds and lakes, rivers and streams, and land. It considers the use of dispersants primarily to protect habitats from impact (or to minimize impacts).  
1.5 This guide applies only to freshwater and other inland environments. It does not consider the direct application of dispersants to subsurface waters.  
1.6 In making dispersant use decisions, appropriate government authorities should be consulted as required by law.  
1.7 This guide does not address getting regulatory approval.  
1.8 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Guide
    3 pages
    English language
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  • Guide
    3 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off