ASTM C151-05
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Autoclave Expansion of Hydraulic Cement
Standard Test Method for Autoclave Expansion of Hydraulic Cement
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The autoclave expansion test provides an index of potential delayed expansion caused by the hydration of CaO, or MgO, or both, when present in hydraulic cement.3
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the autoclave expansion of hydraulic cement by means of a test on a neat cement specimen.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.For specific precaution statements, see the section on Safety Precautions.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation:C151–05
Standard Test Method for
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Autoclave Expansion of Hydraulic Cement
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 151; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Significance and Use
1.1 This test method covers determination of the autoclave 3.1 The autoclave expansion test provides an index of
expansion of hydraulic cement by means of a test on a neat potentialdelayedexpansioncausedbythehydrationofCaO,or
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cement specimen. MgO, or both, when present in hydraulic cement.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
4. Interferences
as the standard.
4.1 Pozzolans containing fine-grained quartz have been
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the reported to cause excessive expansion under autoclave test
conditionsduetoalkali-silicareactionthatwillnotoccurunder
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
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priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- normalserviceconditions. Whenexcessiveexpansionofpaste
containing pozzolans occurs, it is recommended that the
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.For specific precau-
tion statements, see the section on Safety Precautions. specimens be examined (See Practice C 856) for evidence of
alkali-silica reaction (Note 1).
2. Referenced Documents
NOTE 1—If the excessive expansion has resulted from alkali-silica
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2.1 ASTM Standards:
reaction under autoclave conditions, the pozzolan can be evaluated for
C 187 Test Method for Normal Consistency of Hydraulic
alkali reactivity using the procedure described in Performance Specifica-
Cement
tion C 1157.
C 305 PracticeforMechanicalMixingofHydraulicCement
5. Apparatus
Pastes and Mortars of Plastic Consistency
5.1 Weighing Devices and Weights, for determining the
C 490 Practice for Use of Apparatus for the Determination
of Length Change of Hardened Cement Paste, Mortar, and mass of materials conforming to the requirements of Specifi-
Concrete cation C 1005.
5.2 GlassGraduates,200or250-mLcapacity,andconform-
C511 Specification for Mixing Rooms, Moist Cabinets,
Moist Rooms, and Water Storage Tanks Used in the ing to the requirements of Practice C 490.
5.3 Molds, 1 by 1-in. (25.4 by 25.4-mm) cross section,
Testing of Hydraulic Cements and Concretes
C 856 Practice for Petrographic Examination of Hardened conforming to the requirements of Practice C 490.
5.4 Flat Trowel, having a straight-edged steel blade 4 to 6
Concrete
C 1005 Specification for Reference Masses and Devices for in. (100 to 150 mm) in length.
5.5 Autoclave, consisting of a high-pressure steam vessel
Determining Mass and Volume for Use in the Physical
Testing of Hydraulic Cements provided with a thermometer well. The autoclave shall be
equipped with automatic controls and a rupture disk with a
C 1157 Performance Specification for Hydraulic Cement
bursting pressure of 350 psi (2.4 MPa) 6 5 %. In locations
where the use of a rupture disk is not permitted, the autoclave
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This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C01 on Cement
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C01.31 on Volume Change.
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Current edition approved July 1, 2005. Published July 2005. Originally approved Gonnerman, H. F., Lerch, W. and Whiteside, T. M. , “Investigations of the
in 1940. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as C 151 – 00. Hydration Expansion Characteristics of Portland Cements,” Portland Cement
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For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Association Research Department Bulletin 45, 1953, pp. 1-168.
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contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Wang, H., “Autoclave Soundness Test Mischaracterizes Cement-Fly Ash
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Blends by IntroducingAlkali-Quartz Reaction,”Cement,Concrete,andAggregates,
the ASTM website. Vol. 24, No. 2, 2002, pp. 68-72.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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C151–05
shallbeequippedwithasafetyvalve.Inaddition,theautoclave this test method, that is, at about 330 psi (2.3 MPa). Unless the
shall be equipped with a vent valve to allow the escape of air manufacturer has given specific instructions as to maintenance
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during the early part of the heating period and to release any of the safety valve, test the valve twice each year. Test with a
steam pressure remaining at the end of the cooling period. The
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