ASTM D5336-22

Standard Classification System and Basis for Specification for Polyphthalamide (PPA) Injection Molding Materials

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the classification, testing, and requirements of polyphthalamide (PPA) materials, both virgin and recycled, suitable for injection molding. This specification is intended to be a means of calling out plastics materials used in the fabrication of end items or parts, and not for the selection of materials. The materials are classified into groups according to crystallinity, and are further subdivided into classes and grades as specified. Materials shall be sampled, prepared, and conditioned appropriately for testing, for which specimens shall conform to specified values of the following requirements: inherent viscosity; melting temperature; glass transition; tensile strength; flexural strength and modulus; Izod impact strength; deflection temperature; and moisture.
SCOPE
1.1 This classification system covers polyphthalamide (PPA) materials suitable for injection molding.  
1.2 The properties included in this classification system are those required to identify the compositions covered. Other requirements necessary to identify particular characteristics important to specialized applications are to be specified by using suffixes as given in Section 5.  
1.3 This classification system allows for the use of recycled materials provided that all specification requirements are met.  
1.4 This classification system is intended to be a means of calling out plastics materials used in the fabrication of end items or parts. It is not intended for the selection of materials. Material selection can be made by those having expertise in the plastics field only after careful consideration of the design and the performance required of the part, the environment to which it will be exposed, the fabrication process to be employed, the costs involved, and the inherent properties of the material other than those covered by this classification system.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard (see IEEE/ASTM SI-10). The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 11, of this classification system: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in 11.7.1.
Note 1: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard. ISO 16396-1/-2 for polyamides may also be used to describe and classify these PPA materials, but the technical content is significantly different.
Note 2: ASTM Standard D6779 on polyamide materials also includes PPA materials in its coverage of various polyamide chemistries. This standard gives additional information for classification and specification for PPA compositions classified as Group 10 (PA6T/66), Group 12 (PA6T/6I/66) and Group 13 (PA6T/6I) in ASTM Standard D6779 and includes provisions for other PPA compositions to utilize the classification presented.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Aug-2022
• ICS: 83.140.99 - Other rubber and plastics products
• Technical Committee: D20 - Plastics
• Drafting Committee: D20.15 - Thermoplastic Materials

Relations

• Refers: ASTM D883-24 - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2024
• Refers: ASTM D883-23 - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2023
• Refers: ASTM D883-20 - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2020
• Refers: ASTM D883-19c - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2019
• Refers: ASTM D883-19a - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics
• Effective Date: 15-Apr-2019
• Refers: ASTM D883-19 - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2019
• Refers: ASTM D883-18a - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2018
• Refers: ASTM D883-18 - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2018
• Refers: ASTM D648-18 - Standard Test Method for Deflection Temperature of Plastics Under Flexural Load in the Edgewise Position
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2018
• Refers: ASTM D1600-18 - Standard Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to Plastics (Withdrawn 2024)
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2018
• Refers: ASTM D883-17 - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics
• Effective Date: 15-Aug-2017
• Refers: ASTM D790-17 - Standard Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforced and Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2017
• Refers: ASTM D6779-17 - Standard Classification System for and Basis of Specification for Polyamide Molding and Extrusion Materials (PA)
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2017
• Refers: ASTM D6779-16 - Standard Classification System for and Basis of Specification for Polyamide Molding and Extrusion Materials (PA)
• Effective Date: 01-May-2016
• Refers: ASTM D790-15e1 - Standard Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforced and Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2015

Overview

ASTM D5336-22: Standard Classification System and Basis for Specification for Polyphthalamide (PPA) Injection Molding Materials provides a comprehensive framework for classifying, testing, and specifying polyphthalamide (PPA) materials-both virgin and recycled-intended for injection molding applications. Developed by ASTM International, this standard ensures uniformity and quality for PPA materials used in the production of end items or parts. It establishes detailed property criteria, enabling users to accurately call out specific PPA materials while supporting the integration of recycled content, provided all requirements are satisfied.

Key Topics

• Material Classification: PPA materials are classified by crystallinity, then further subdivided into specific classes and grades, allowing for precise specification based on processing and end-use needs.
• Property Requirements: The standard outlines required tests and property benchmarks, including:
  • Inherent viscosity
  • Melting temperature
  • Glass transition temperature
  • Tensile strength
  • Flexural strength and modulus
  • Impact strength (Izod/Charpy)
  • Heat deflection temperature
  • Moisture content
• Use of Recycled Materials: ASTM D5336-22 allows for the incorporation of recycled PPA, as long as the finished material fully meets the standard’s requirements.
• Specification and Testing: Materials are sampled, conditioned, and tested according to referenced ASTM and ISO methods, ensuring comparability and regulatory compliance.
• Suffix Designations: Additional suffixes may be added to indicate specialized traits important for certain applications, following the procedures in Section 5.

Applications

ASTM D5336-22 is widely used by material suppliers, molders, and manufacturers across industries that value the high-performance attributes of polyphthalamide resins. Typical applications include:

• Automotive Components: Due to their high-temperature resistance and mechanical strength, PPA injection molding materials are commonly specified for under-the-hood parts, connectors, and housings.
• Electrical and Electronics: PPA materials offer robust dimensional stability and insulation properties, making them suitable for jacks, sockets, switches, and circuit components.
• Industrial and Consumer Products: Gear wheels, pumps, precision elements, and other molded parts benefit from the chemical and thermal resilience provided by PPA.
• Sustainable Manufacturing: The standard’s accommodation of recycled content supports sustainability initiatives and resource efficiency.

By providing a standardized basis for identifying and specifying PPA materials, ASTM D5336-22 helps facilitate procurement, quality assurance, and regulatory compliance in high-demand sectors.

Related Standards

• ASTM D6779: Covers classification and specification for a wide range of polyamide (nylon) materials, including specific PPA chemistries. Referenced within ASTM D5336-22 for additional classification details.
• ISO 16396-1/-2: Provides an international framework for polyamide molding and extrusion materials; while not technically equivalent, these ISO standards may be referenced for comparative classification of PPA.
• ASTM Test Methods: The standard references various ASTM methods for mechanical and physical testing, including:
  • D638 (Tensile Properties)
  • D790 (Flexural Properties)
  • D256 (Izod Impact)
  • D648 (Deflection Temperature)
  • D2857 and D5225 (Solution Viscosity Methods)
  • D6869 (Moisture Analysis)
• ISO Testing Standards: Includes ISO methods for determining tensile properties, impact strength, and deflection temperature under load which are recognized internationally.

Summary

ASTM D5336-22 is a foundational standard for the classification and specification of polyphthalamide (PPA) injection molding materials. By providing clear groupings, property requirements, and provisions for both virgin and recycled materials, it supports consistent quality, sustainability, and suitability for demanding applications in automotive, electrical, and industrial markets.

Keywords: ASTM D5336-22, polyphthalamide (PPA), injection molding materials, material classification, PPA testing methods, recycled PPA, high-performance thermoplastics, material specification standard, plastics industry standards.

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D5336 −22
Standard Classification System and Basis for Specification for
Polyphthalamide (PPA) Injection Molding Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5336; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
for PPA compositions classified as Group 10 (PA6T/66), Group 12
1. Scope*
(PA6T/6I/66) and Group 13 (PA6T/6I) in ASTM Standard D6779 and
1.1 This classification system covers polyphthalamide
includesprovisionsforotherPPAcompositionstoutilizetheclassification
(PPA) materials suitable for injection molding.
presented.
1.2 The properties included in this classification system are
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
those required to identify the compositions covered. Other
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
requirements necessary to identify particular characteristics
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
important to specialized applications are to be specified by
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
using suffixes as given in Section 5.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1.3 This classification system allows for the use of recycled
materials provided that all specification requirements are met.
2. Referenced Documents
1.4 This classification system is intended to be a means of
calling out plastics materials used in the fabrication of end 2.1 ASTM Standards:
items or parts. It is not intended for the selection of materials. D256Test Methods for Determining the Izod Pendulum
Materialselectioncanbemadebythosehavingexpertiseinthe Impact Resistance of Plastics
plastics field only after careful consideration of the design and D618Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
theperformancerequiredofthepart,theenvironmenttowhich
D638Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
it will be exposed, the fabrication process to be employed, the D648Test Method for Deflection Temperature of Plastics
costsinvolved,andtheinherentpropertiesofthematerialother
Under Flexural Load in the Edgewise Position
than those covered by this classification system. D790Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforced
and Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materi-
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
als
standard (see IEEE/ASTM SI-10). The values given in paren-
D792Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Rela-
theses are for information only.
tive Density) of Plastics by Displacement
1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the
D883Terminology Relating to Plastics
test methods portion, Section 11, of this classification system:
D1600TerminologyforAbbreviatedTermsRelatingtoPlas-
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety
tics
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
D2857Practice for Dilute Solution Viscosity of Polymers
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety,
D3418Test Method for Transition Temperatures and En-
health, and environmental practices and determine the appli-
thalpies of Fusion and Crystallization of Polymers by
cability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau-
Differential Scanning Calorimetry
tionary statements are given in 11.7.1.
D3641Practice for Injection Molding Test Specimens of
NOTE 1—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
Thermoplastic Molding and Extrusion Materials
ISO16396-1⁄-2 for polyamides may also be used to describe and classify
D3892Practice for Packaging/Packing of Plastics
these PPA materials, but the technical content is significantly different.
D4000Classification System for Specifying Plastic Materi-
NOTE 2—ASTM Standard D6779 on polyamide materials also includes
als
PPA materials in its coverage of various polyamide chemistries. This
standard gives additional information for classification and specification D5225Test Method for Measuring Solution Viscosity of
Polymers with a Differential Viscometer
This standard is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics
andisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD20.15onThermoplasticMaterials
(Section D20.15.09). For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2022. Published September 2022. Originally contactASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. ForAnnual Book ofASTM
approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2021 as D5336-21. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D5336-22. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D5336 − 22
D5630Test Method forAsh Content in Plastics (Withdrawn ISO16396-1⁄-2Plastics — Polyamide (PA) moulding and
2022) extrusion materials
D6779Classification System for and Basis of Specification
3. Terminology
for Polyamide Molding and Extrusion Materials (PA)
3.1 Definitions—The terminology used in this classification
D6869Test Method for Coulometric and Volumetric Deter-
system is in accordance with Terminologies D883 and D1600.
mination of Moisture in Plastics Using the Karl Fischer
Reaction (the Reaction of Iodine with Water)
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
D7209Guide for Waste Reduction, Resource Recovery, and
3.2.1 polyphthalamide, PPA, n—a polyamide in which resi-
UseofRecycledPolymericMaterialsandProducts(With-
dues of terephthalic acid or isophthalic acid or a combination
drawn 2015)
of the two comprise at least 55 molar percentage of the
E29Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
dicarboxylicacidportionoftherepeatingstructuralunitsinthe
Determine Conformance with Specifications
polymer chain.
IEEE/ASTM SI-10Standard for Use of the International
4. Classification
System of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System
4.1 Thepolyphthalamidematerialsaredesignated“PPA,”as
2.2 Underwriters Laboratories Standard:
specified in Terminology D1600.
UL94Standard for Tests for Flammability of Plastic Mate-
4.2 Unreinforced polyphthalamide materials are classified
rials
into groups according to crystallinity. These groups are subdi-
2.3 ISO Standards:
vided into classes and grades as shown in Table PPA.
ISO75-1DeterminationofTemperatureofDeflectionUnder
Load—Part 1:General Test Methods NOTE 3—An example of this classification system is as follows:
ISO75-2DeterminationofTemperatureofDeflectionUnder
The designation PPA0121 would indicate from Table PPA:
Load—Part 2: Plastics and Ebonite
PPA = Polyphthalamide as found in Terminology D1600
ISO179-1Determination of Charpy Impact Strength—Part
01 (Group) = Semicrystalline PPA
1: Non-Instrumented Impact Test
2 (Class) = Low-temperature molding material
1 (Grade) = With the corresponding requirements shown in Table PPA
ISO294-1Injection Moulding of Test Specimens of Ther-
moplastic Materials—Part 1: General Principles, 4.2.1 To facilitate the incorporation of future or special
materials, the “other/unspecified” category (00) for group, (0)
Multipurpose-Test Specimens and Bars
ISO307Plastics—Polyamides—Determination of Viscosity forclass,and(0)forgradeisshown.Thebasicpropertiesofthe
material can be obtained from Table A as they apply.
Number
ISO527-1Determination of Tensile Properties—Part 1:
4.3 Reinforced and lubricated versions of the polyphthal-
General Principles
amide materials are classified in accordance with Tables PPA
ISO527-2 Determination of Tensile Properties—Part 2:
andA,whereTablePPAspecifiestheunreinforcedmaterialand
Testing Conditions
Table A the properties after the addition of reinforcements or
ISO3451-1 Determination of Ash General Methods
lubricants at the nominal level indicated (see 4.3.1).
ISO3451-4Determination of Ash, Polyamides
NOTE 4—This part of the classification system uses the percent of
ISO15512Determination of Water Content
reinforcements or additives, or both, in the callout of the modified basic
material. The types and percentages of reinforcements and additives is
sometimes shown on the supplier’s technical data sheet. If necessary
additional callout of these reinforcements and additives can be accom-
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
plished by use of the suffix of the system (see Section 5).
www.astm.org.
NOTE 5—Materials containing reinforcements or fillers, or both, at
Available from Underwriters Laboratories (UL), 333 Pfingsten Rd.,
nominal levels not in multiples of five are included in the nearest grade
Northbrook, IL 60062-2096, http://www.ul.com.
designation. For example, a material with a nominal glass fiber level of
Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org. 33% is included with Grade G35.
D5336 − 22
TABLE PPA Requirements for Unreinforced Polyphthalamide Resins
Inherent Melting Glass
A B B
Viscosity Temperature, Transition ,
Group Description Class Description Grade Description dL/g °C Tg, °C
01 semicrystalline 1 high-temperature molding 1 0.80-1.06 305-320 115-130
2 0.70-1.00 315-330 115-130
PPA 0 Other
2 low-temperature molding 1 0.80-1.05 320-335 90-105
2 0.85-0.95 290-305 85-95
3 0.85-1.05 300-315 85-95
0 Other
0 Other 0 Other
00 Other 0 Other 0 Other
A
Practice D2857 or Test Method D5225 with conditions as specified in 11.7 of this classification system.
B
Test Method D3418 using a heating rate of 10°C/min.
TABLE A Detail Requirements of Special Reinforced PPAs Using ASTM Methods
NOTE—All mechanical properties are determined on dry-as-molded injection molded specimens.
Property 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
A B C
Inherent viscosity, Test Method D2857 0.60 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1
or D5225, dL/g, min
D B C
Tensile strength, Test Method D638 , 45 (6500) 75 (10 900) 90 (13 000) 100 (14 500) 135 (19 600) 200 (29 000) 230 (33 400) 255 (37 000)
E
MPa (psi), min
F B C
Flexural modulus, Test Method D790 , 1.5 (218) 2.5 (363) 3.0 (435) 5.5 (798) 6.5 (943) 10.0 (1450) 13.5 (1958) 15.0 (2175)
GPA (kpsi), min
G H B C
Izod impact, Test Method D256 J/m 20 (0.38) 40 (0.75) 60 (1.1) 90 (1.6) 100 (1.9) 350 (6.6) 500 (9.4) 650 (12.1)
(ft-lbf/in), min
B C
Deflection Temperature Test Method 100 125 160 185 210 235 260 285
I
D648 , °C, min
A
See 11.7 of this classification system for specific conditions.
B
Unspecified requirement.
C
Specific value must be given in call-out.
D
Test Method D638, Type I tensile bar. The speed of testing shall be as described in 11.2 of this classification system.
E
MPa × 145 = psi.
F
Test Method D790 with a 1-mm (0.05-in.)/min testing speed.
G
Test Methods D256, Test Method A.
H
J/m × 0.01873 = ft-lb/in.
I
Test Method D648, using 1820-kPa (264-psi) stress.
TABLE B Detail Requirements of Special Reinforced PPAs Using ISO Methods
NOTE—All mechanical properties are determined on dry-as-molded injection molded specimens.
Property 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
AB C
Tensile strength, ISO 527 MPa min 45 75 90 100 135 200 230 255
DB C
Tensile modulus, ISO 527 GPa min 1.5 3.5 5.5 7.5 9.5 12.0 14.0 18.0
2EB C
Charpy, ISO 179-1, J/m ,min 2.0 4.0 5.5 7.5 9.0 11.0 13.0 15.0
B C
Deflection Temperature Under Load, 100 125 160 185 210 235 260 285
F
ISO 75-2 method Af, °C, min
B
To be determined
A
ISO 527, Type IA tensile bar. The speed of testing shall be as described in 12.2 of this classification system.
B
Unspecified requirement.
C
Specific value must be given in call-out.
D
ISO 527, Type 1A tensile bar. The Speed of testing shall be 1 mm/min.
E
ISO 179-1, Test specimen shall be taken from the center portion of multipurpose tensile bar.
F
ISO 75-2, The test specimen shall be taken from the center portion of the multipurpose tensile bar, 4 mm thick, and tested in the flatwise position.
D5336 − 22
4.3.1 Reinforced, filled, and lubricated variations of the
A = Table A property requirements,
5 = Inherent viscosity, min 0.85 dL/g,
basicmaterialsareidentifiedbyasingleletterfromTable1that
6 = Tensile strength, min 200 MPa,
indicates the filler and/or reinforcement used and two digits to
5 = Flexural modulus, min 6.5 GPa,
indicate the nominal quantity in percent by weight. A second
7 = Izod impact, min 500 J/m,
7 = Deflection temperature, min 260°C, and
letter,fromTable1A,whendesired,isusedtoindicatetheform
If no properties are specified, the designation would be PPA0121G33.
or structure of the reinforcement and/or filler, but not used for
functional mixtures. Thus, a letter designation G for glass, E
5. Suffixes
for beads or spheres or balls, and 33 for percent by weight,
5.1 When additional requirements are needed for the mate-
GE33, specifies a reinforced or filled material with 33 percent
rials covered in this classification system that are not covered
by weight in the form of glass beads, spheres or balls. The
in Tables PPA, A, or B, then those requirements shall be
reinforcement letter designations and associated tolerance
designated through the use of suffixes.
levels are shown in the previous table (1). Form and structure
5.1.1 AlistofsuffixesfoundinClassificationSystemD4000
letter designations are shown in the following table (1A).
A B
(Table 3) is useful for additional requirements as appropriate.
TABLE 1 Reinforcement-Filler Symbols and Tolerances
Symbol Material Tolerance (Based on
the Total Mass) 6. General Requirements
C Carbon or graphite fiber ±3 %
6.1 BasicrequirementsfromTablesPPAandAorB,asthey
G Glass reinforced ±3 %
L Lubricants (for example, Depends upon the
apply, are always in effect unless these requirements are
PTFE, graphite) material and
superseded by specific suffix requirements, which always take
process—To be
precedence. Properties in TablesAand B supersede properties
specified
M Mineral ±3 %
in Table PPAwhen reinforced or filled materials are specified.
R Combinations of ±3 % for the total
reinforcements or fillers, reinforcement or filler, 6.2 The material compositions shall be uniform and shall
or both or both
conform to the requirements specified herein.
A
Ash content of filled and/or reinforced materials is to be determined using either
Test Method D5630 or ISO 3451-4 where applicable.
7. Detail Requirements
B
Additional symbols will be added to this table as required.
TABLE 1A Symbols for the Form or Structure of Fillers and
7.1 The materials shall conform to the requirements pre-
Reinforcing Materials
scribed in Tables PPAandAor B, and the suffix requirements
Symbol Form or Structure
as they apply.
C Chips, cuttings
D Fines, powders
7.2 For the purpose of determining conformance, all speci-
E Beads, spheres, balls
fied limits for a specification (line callout) are absolute limits,
F Fiber
as defined in
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5336 − 21 D5336 − 22
Standard Classification System and Basis for Specification for
Polyphthalamide (PPA) Injection Molding Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5336; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This classification system covers polyphthalamide (PPA) materials suitable for injection molding.
1.2 The properties included in this classification system are those required to identify the compositions covered. Other
requirements necessary to identify particular characteristics important to specialized applications are to be specified by using
suffixes as given in Section 5.
1.3 This classification system allows for the use of recycled materials provided that all specification requirements are met.
1.4 This classification system is intended to be a means of calling out plastics materials used in the fabrication of end items or
parts. It is not intended for the selection of materials. Material selection can be made by those having expertise in the plastics field
only after careful consideration of the design and the performance required of the part, the environment to which it will be exposed,
the fabrication process to be employed, the costs involved, and the inherent properties of the material other than those covered by
this classification system.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard (see IEEE/ASTM SI-10). The values given in parentheses are
for information only.
1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 11, of this classification system: This
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in 11.7.1.
NOTE 1—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard. ISO 16936-1ISO 16396-1 ⁄-2 for polyamides may also be used to describe and classify these
PPA materials, but the technical content is significantly different.
NOTE 2—ASTM Standard D6779 on polyamide materials also includes PPA materials in its coverage of various polyamide chemistries. This standard
gives additional information for classification and specification for PPA compositions classified as Group 10 (PA6T/66), Group 12 (PA6T/6I/66) and
Group 13 (PA6T/6I) in ASTM Standard D6779 and includes provisions for other PPA compositions to utilize the classification presented.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
This standard is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.15 on Thermoplastic Materials (Section
D20.15.09).
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2021Sept. 1, 2022. Published September 2021September 2022. Originally approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 20152021
as D5336 - 15a.D5336 - 21. DOI: 10.1520/D5336-21.10.1520/D5336-22.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D5336 − 22
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D256 Test Methods for Determining the Izod Pendulum Impact Resistance of Plastics
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
D638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
D648 Test Method for Deflection Temperature of Plastics Under Flexural Load in the Edgewise Position
D790 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforced and Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materials
D792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Relative Density) of Plastics by Displacement
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
D1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to Plastics
D2857 Practice for Dilute Solution Viscosity of Polymers
D3418 Test Method for Transition Temperatures and Enthalpies of Fusion and Crystallization of Polymers by Differential
Scanning Calorimetry
D3641 Practice for Injection Molding Test Specimens of Thermoplastic Molding and Extrusion Materials
D3892 Practice for Packaging/Packing of Plastics
D4000 Classification System for Specifying Plastic Materials
D5225 Test Method for Measuring Solution Viscosity of Polymers with a Differential Viscometer
D5630 Test Method for Ash Content in Plastics (Withdrawn 2022)
D6779 Classification System for and Basis of Specification for Polyamide Molding and Extrusion Materials (PA)
D6869 Test Method for Coulometric and Volumetric Determination of Moisture in Plastics Using the Karl Fischer Reaction (the
Reaction of Iodine with Water)
D7209 Guide for Waste Reduction, Resource Recovery, and Use of Recycled Polymeric Materials and Products (Withdrawn
2015)
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
IEEE/ASTM SI-10 Standard for Use of the International System of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System
2.2 Underwriters Laboratories Standard:
UL94 Standard for Tests for Flammability of Plastic Materials
2.3 ISO Standards:
ISO 75-1 Determination of Temperature of Deflection Under Load—Part 1:General Test Methods
ISO 75-2 Determination of Temperature of Deflection Under Load—Part 2: Plastics and Ebonite
ISO 179-1 Determination of Charpy Impact Strength—Part 1: Non-Instrumented Impact Test
ISO 294-1 Injection Moulding of Test Specimens of Thermoplastic Materials—Part 1: General Principles, Multipurpose-Test
Specimens and Bars
ISO 307 Plastics—Polyamides—Determination of Viscosity Number
ISO 527-1 Determination of Tensile Properties—Part 1: General Principles
ISO 527-2 Determination of Tensile Properties—Part 2: Testing Conditions
ISO 3451-1 Determination of Ash General Methods
ISO 3451-4 Determination of Ash, Polyamides
ISO 15512 Determination of Water Content
ISO 16396-1 ⁄-2 Plastics — Polyamide (PA) moulding and extrusion materials
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—The terminology used in this classification system is in accordance with Terminologies D883 and D1600.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 polyphthalamide, PPA, n—a polyamide in which residues of terephthalic acid or isophthalic acid or a combination of the two
comprise at least 55 molar percentage of the dicarboxylic acid portion of the repeating structural units in the polymer chain.
4. Classification
4.1 The polyphthalamide materials are designated “PPA,” as specified in Terminology D1600.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Available from Underwriters Laboratories (UL), 333 Pfingsten Rd., Northbrook, IL 60062-2096, http://www.ul.com.
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
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4.2 Unreinforced polyphthalamide materials are classified into groups according to crystallinity. These groups are subdivided into
classes and grades as shown in Table PPA.
NOTE 3—An example of this classification system is as follows:
The designation PPA0121 would indicate from Table PPA:
PPA = Polyphthalamide as found in Terminology D1600
01 (Group) = Semicrystalline PPA
2 (Class) = Low-temperature molding material
1 (Grade) = With the corresponding requirements shown in Table PPA
4.2.1 To facilitate the incorporation of future or special materials, the “other/unspecified” category (00) for group, (0) for class,
and (0) for grade is shown. The basic properties of the material can be obtained from Table A as they apply.
4.3 Reinforced and lubricated versions of the polyphthalamide materials are classified in accordance with Tables PPA and A,
where Table PPA specifies the unreinforced material and Table A the properties after the addition of reinforcements or lubricants
at the nominal level indicated (see 4.3.1).
NOTE 4—This part of the classification system uses the percent of reinforcements or additives, or both, in the callout of the modified basic material. The
types and percentages of reinforcements and additives is sometimes shown on the supplier’s technical data sheet. If necessary additional callout of these
reinforcements and additives can be accomplished by use of the suffix of the system (see Section 5).
NOTE 5—Materials containing reinforcements or fillers, or both, at nominal levels not in multiples of five are included in the nearest grade designation.
For example, a material with a nominal glass fiber level of 33 % is included with Grade G35.
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TABLE PPA Requirements for Unreinforced Polyphthalamide Resins
Inherent Melting Glass
A B B
Viscosity Temperature, Transition ,
Group Description Class Description Grade Description dL/g °C Tg, °C
01 semicrystalline 1 high-temperature molding 1 0.80-1.06 305-320 115-130
2 0.70-1.00 315-330 115-130
PPA 0 Other
2 low-temperature molding 1 0.80-1.05 320-335 90-105
2 0.85-0.95 290-305 85-95
3 0.85-1.05 300-315 85-95
0 Other
0 Other 0 Other
00 Other 0 Other 0 Other
A
Practice D2857 or Test Method D5225 with conditions as specified in 11.7 of this classification system.
B
Test Method D3418 using a heating rate of 10°C/min.
TABLE A Detail Requirements of Special Reinforced PPAs Using ASTM Methods
NOTE—All mechanical properties are determined on dry-as-molded injection molded specimens.
Property 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
A B C
Inherent viscosity, Test Method D2857 0.60 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1
or D5225, dL/g, min
D B C
Tensile strength, Test Method D638 , 45 (6500) 75 (10 900) 90 (13 000) 100 (14 500) 135 (19 600) 200 (29 000) 230 (33 400) 255 (37 000)
E
MPa (psi), min
F B C
Flexural modulus, Test Method D790 , 1.5 (218) 2.5 (363) 3.0 (435) 5.5 (798) 6.5 (943) 10.0 (1450) 13.5 (1958) 15.0 (2175)
GPA (kpsi), min
G H B C
Izod impact, Test Method D256 J/m 20 (0.38) 40 (0.75) 60 (1.1) 90 (1.6) 100 (1.9) 350 (6.6) 500 (9.4) 650 (12.1)
(ft-lbf/in), min
B C
Deflection Temperature Test Method 100 125 160 185 210 235 260 285
I
D648 , °C, min
A
See 11.7 of this classification system for specific conditions.
B
Unspecified requirement.
C
Specific value must be given in call-out.
D
Test Method D638, Type I tensile bar. The speed of testing shall be as described in 11.2 of this classification system.
E
MPa × 145 = psi.
F
Test Method D790 with a 1-mm (0.05-in.)/min testing speed.
G
Test Methods D256, Test Method A.
H
J/m × 0.01873 = ft-lb/in.
I
Test Method D648, using 1820-kPa (264-psi) stress.
TABLE B Detail Requirements of Special Reinforced PPAs Using ISO Methods
NOTE—All mechanical properties are determined on dry-as-molded injection molded specimens.
Property 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
A B C
Tensile strength, ISO 527 MPa min 45 75 90 100 135 200 230 255
D B C
Tensile modulus, ISO 527 GPa min 1.5 3.5 5.5 7.5 9.5 12.0 14.0 18.0
2 E B C
Charpy, ISO 179-1, J/m , min 2.0 4.0 5.5 7.5 9.0 11.0 13.0 15.0
B C
Deflection Temperature Under Load, 100 125 160 185 210 235 260 285
F
ISO 75-2 method Af, °C, min
B
To be determined
A
ISO 527, Type IA tensile bar. The speed of testing shall be as described in 12.2 of this classification system.
B
Unspecified requirement.
C
Specific value must be given in call-out.
D
ISO 527, Type 1A tensile bar. The Speed of testing shall be 1 mm/min.
E
ISO 179-1, Test specimen shall be taken from the center portion of multipurpose tensile bar.
F
ISO 75-2, The test specimen shall be taken from the center portion of the multipurpose tensile bar, 4 mm thick, and tested in the flatwise position.
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4.3.1 Reinforced, filled, and lubricated variations of the basic materials are identified by a single letter from Table 1 that indicates
the filler and/or reinforcement used and two digits to indicate the nominal quantity in percent by weight. A second letter, from Table
1A, when desired, is used to indicate the form or structure of the reinforcement and/or filler, but not used for functional mixtures.
Thus, a letter designation G for glass, E for beads or spheres or balls, and 33 for percent by weight, GE33, specifies a reinforced
or filled material with 33 percent by weight in the form of glass beads, spheres or balls. The reinforcement letter designations and
associated tolerance levels are shown in the previous table (1). Form and structure letter designations are shown in the following
table (1A).
A B
TABLE 1 Reinforcement-Filler Symbols and Tolerances
Symbol Material Tolerance (Based on the Total Mass)
C Carbon or graphite fiber ±3 %
G Glass reinforced ±3 %
L Lubricants (for example, PTFE, graphite) Depends upon the material and process—To be
specified
M Mineral ±3 %
R Combinations of reinforcements or fillers, or both ±3 % for the total reinforcement or filler, or both
A
Ash content of filled and/or reinforced materials is to be determined using either Test Method D5630 or ISO 3451-4 where applicable.
B
Additional symbols will be added to this table as required.
TABLE 1A Symbols for the Form or Structure of Fillers and Reinforcing Materials
Symbol Form or Structure
C Chips, cuttings
D Fines, powders
E Beads, spheres, balls
F Fiber
G Ground
H Whiskers
K Knitted fabric
L Layer
M Mat (fabric, thick)
N Non-woven (fabric, thin)
P Paper
R Roving
S Flake
T Cord
V Veneer
W Woven fabric
Y Yarn
X Not specified
4.3.2 Tables A and B Detail Requirements—An identifying number is made up of the letter “A” or “B,” depending on whether
ASTM or ISO test methods are used, and five digits comprising the cell numbers in the order in which the properties appear.
4.3.2.1 Although the values listed in Tables A and B are necessary to include the range of properties available in existing materials,
this does not imply that every possible combination of the properties exists or can be obtained.
4.3.3 An example of this classification system for a 33 % glass-reinforced polyphthalamide material, using ASTM test methods
(Table A) is as follows:
PPA0121G33A56577
PPA0121 = Semicrystalline, low-temperature molding grade polyphthalamide
from Table PPA,
G33 = Glass reinforced at 33 % nominal,
A = Table A property requirements,
5 = Inherent viscosity, min 0.85 dL/g,
6 = Tensile strength, min 200 MPa,
5 = Flexural modulus, min 6.5 GPa,
7 = Izod impact, min 500 J/m,
7 = Deflection temperature, min 260°C, and
If no properties are specified, the designation would be PPA0121G33.
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5. Suffixes
5.1 When additional requirements are needed for the materials covered in this classification system that are not covered in Tables
PPA, A, or B, then those requirements shall be designated through the use of suffixes.
5.1.1 A list of suffixes found in Classification System D4000 (Table 3) is useful for add
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