ASTM D2983-87(1993)

Standard Test Method for Low-Temperature Viscosity of Lubricants Measured by Brookfield Viscometer

SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes the use of the Brookfield viscometer and a low-temperature bath for the determination of the low-shear-rate viscosity of lubricants. The test may operate in the viscosity range of 500 to 1 000 000 mPa·s (cP). The bath-controlled temperature is selected within the range of +5° to -40°C.
1.2 The test method uses the SI unit, milliPascal-second (mPa·s), as the unit of viscosity. (1 cP = 1 mPa·s).
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Aug-2001
• ICS: 75.100 - Lubricants, industrial oils and related products
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.07 - Flow Properties

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or
withdrawn. Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 2983 – 87 (Reapproved 1993) An American National Standard
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS
100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. Copyright ASTM
Standard Test Method for
Low-Temperature Viscosity of Automotive Fluid Lubricants
1
Measured by Brookfield Viscometer
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2983; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope a nearby Brookfield viscometer where its Brookfield viscosity
is measured at any test temperature in the range from − 5
1.1 This test method describes the use of the Brookfield
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to − 40°C.
viscometer for the determination of the low-shear-rate viscos-
ity of automotive fluid lubricants in the temperature range
5. Significance and Use
from − 5 to − 40°C. The viscosity range is 1000 to 1 000 000
5.1 The low-temperature, low-shear-rate viscosity of gear
cP (mPa·s).
oils, automatic transmission fluids, torque and tractor fluids,
1.2 The test method uses the centipoise (cP) as the unit of
and industrial and automotive hydraulic oils are frequently
viscosity. For information the equivalent SI unit, the millipas-
specified by Brookfield viscosities.
cal, is shown in parentheses.
5.2 If Brookfield viscosity versus temperature plots are
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
required in specifications, they can be made by the procedure
safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the
outlined in Annex A1.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
6. Apparatus
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
6.1 Brookfield Viscometer and Stand—Model LVT or
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2. Referenced Documents
LVTD (Fig. 1 and Fig. 2).
6.2 No. 4 LV Spindle for LVT Model—The insulated shaft
2.1 ASTM Standards:
spindle 4B2 is preferred. Several are needed for multiple
D 341 Viscosity-Temperature Charts for Liquid Petroleum
2
determinations. See Fig. 2 for diagram.
Products
6.3 Spindle Clip is a device that supports the spindle at
3. Descriptions of Terms Specific to This Standard
proper immersion depth during cool-down. A suitable clip can
be made from a bobby pin, paper clip, or similar device.
3.1 Brookfield viscosity—the viscosity determined by this
6.4 Test Cell—A glass test tube 22 to 22.5-mm in inside
test method. It is expressed in centipoises (1 cP 5 1 mPa·s). Its
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diameter and 115 6 5 mm in overall length.
value may vary with the spindle speed (shear rate) of the
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6.5 Cell Stopper (Fig. 3).
Brookfield viscometer because many automotive fluid lubri-
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6.6 Insulated Cell Carrier (Fig. 3).
cants are non-Newtonian at low temperatures. See Appendix
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6.7 Cold Cabinet —A top-opening cold cabinet with an
X1 for a brief explanation.
air-circulation device is required. The cold cabinet must cool
3.2 reference viscosity—the viscosity of Newtonian stan-
the sample to a constant test temperature and hold that
dard reference fluids specified at each of several temperatures
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temperature within 60.3°C in a range from − 5°C to − 40°C. A
by the supplier. Reference viscosities of typical standard
switch is needed to shut off the air-circulation device before the
reference fluids are listed in Appendix X2.
top is opened. In some models this is done automatically as the
4. Summary of Test Method
top opens.
4.1 A lubricant fluid sample is cooled in an air bath at test
NOTE 1—Mechanically refrigerated liquid baths have been used for
temperature for 16 h. It is carried in an insulated container to
Brookfield viscosity determinations. A European procedure, CEC L18-A-
80, describes the use of some. However, a liquid bath should not be used
for sample conditioning in Test Method D 2983 unless it can duplicate the
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-2 on
sample cooling rates outlined in Appendix X3. The main advantage of a
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.07 on Flow Properties.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 1987. Published December 1987. Originally
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published as D 2983 – 71 T. Last previous edition D 2983 – 80. The Brookfield viscometer and accessories are available from the Brookfield
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Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01. Engineering Laboratories, Inc., Stoughton, MA 02072.
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Standard Newtonian Brookfield viscosity reference fluids are available from These items are available from Lawler Manufacturing, Inc., 7 Kilmer Ct.,
Cannon Instrum
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