ASTM D2862-97(2004)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Particle Size Distribution of Granular Activated Carbon
Standard Test Method for Particle Size Distribution of Granular Activated Carbon
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
It is necessary to know the distribution of particle sizes of granular activated carbon in order to provide proper contact of gases or liquid in a packed bed of the material. Changes in particle size distribution can affect the pressure drop across the bed and the rate of adsorption in a bed of a given size.
Mean particle diameter is a property of activated carbons that influences pressure drop.
Effective size and uniformity coefficient are two properties of activated carbons often of interest in municipal water treatment applications where control of particle size is of interest.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the particle size distribution of granular activated carbon. For the purposes of this test, granular activated carbon is defined as a minimum of 90 % of the sample weight being retained on a 180-μm Standard sieve. A U.S. mesh 80 sieve is equivalent to a 180-μm Standard sieve.
Note 1—For extruded carbons, as the length/diameter ratio of the particles increases, the validity of the test results might be affected.
1.2 The data obtained may also be used to calculate mean particle diameter (MPD), effective size, and uniformity coefficient.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D 2862–97 (Reapproved 2004)
Standard Test Method for
Particle Size Distribution of Granular Activated Carbon
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2862; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 4. Significance and Use
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the particle 4.1 It is necessary to know the distribution of particle sizes
size distribution of granular activated carbon. For the purposes of granular activated carbon in order to provide proper contact
of this test, granular activated carbon is defined as a minimum of gases or liquid in a packed bed of the material. Changes in
of 90 % of the sample weight being retained on a 180-µm particle size distribution can affect the pressure drop across the
Standardsieve.AU.S.mesh80sieveisequivalenttoa180–µm bed and the rate of adsorption in a bed of a given size.
Standard sieve. 4.2 Mean particle diameter is a property of activated car-
bons that influences pressure drop.
NOTE 1—For extruded carbons, as the length/diameter ratio of the
4.3 Effective size and uniformity coefficient are two prop-
particles increases, the validity of the test results might be affected.
erties of activated carbons often of interest in municipal water
1.2 The data obtained may also be used to calculate mean
treatment applications where control of particle size is of
particle diameter (MPD), effective size, and uniformity coef-
interest.
ficient.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5. Apparatus
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the 3
5.1 Mechanical Sieve Shaker —This is a mechanically
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
operated sieve shaker that imparts a uniform rotating and
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
tapping motion to a stack of 8-in. (203-mm or equivalent)
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
sieves as described in 5.2. The sieve shaker should be adjusted
to accommodate the desired number of sieves, receiver pan,
2. Referenced Documents
and sieve cover. The bottom stops should be adjusted to give a
2.1 ASTM Standards:
clearance of approximately ⁄16 in. (1.5 mm) between the upper
D 2652 Terminology Relating to Activated Carbon
carrying plate stops and the sieve cover plate, so that the sieves
D 2854 Test Method for Apparent Density of Activated
will be free to rotate. The sieve shaker shall be powered with
Carbon
⁄4-hp(186-W)electricmotorproducing1725to1750rpm.The
E11 Specification for Wire-Cloth Sieves for Testing Pur-
sieve shaker should produce 140 to 160 raps per minute with
poses
the striker arm and 280 to 320 rotating motions per minute of
E 300 Practice for Sampling Industrial Chemicals
the sieve stack. The cover plate shall be fitted with a cork
1 1
stopper that shall extend ⁄4 6 ⁄8 in. (6.35 6 3.18 mm) above
3. Summary of Test Method
the metal recess.At no time shall any material other than cork
3.1 A known weight of granular activated carbon is placed
be permitted.
on the top sieve of a stacked set of U.S. Standard sieves and
5.2 Sieves—U.S. Standard sieves or equivalent conforming
shaken under standard conditions for a specific time period,
to SpecificationE11. The sieves shall be either 2 in. (51 mm)
after which the weight percent of the total retained on each
(full height) or 1 in. (25 mm.) (half height) in height, and 8 in.
sieve and bottom pan is determined.
(203 mm or equivalent) in diameter.
5.3 Bottom Receiver Pan and Top Sieve Cover.
5.4 Interval Timer, adjustable, with an accuracy of 610 s.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D28 on
5.5 Sample Splitter, single-stage riffle type.
Activated Carbon and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D28.04 on Gas
Phase Evaluation Tests.
5.6 Balance, with a sensitivity of 0.1 g.
Current edition approved April 1, 2004. Published May 2004. Originally
approved in 1970. Last previous edition approved in 1997 as D 2862 – 97.
2 3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or TheTyler Ro-Tap Model RX-19-1 has been used in developing this test. Newer
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM models may not produce the same separations (Model RX-19-2 is equivalent to
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Model RX-19-1). This model is available from Fisher Scientific, Pittsburgh, PA
the ASTM website. 15238.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D 2862–97 (2004)
FIG. 1 Cumulative Particle Size Distribution Curve
5.7 Soft Brass Wire Brush. 7.2 Prepare a sample of activated carbon as follows:
5.8 Cylinder, glass, graduated, 250-mL capacity. 7.2.1 Mix the gross sample, obtained by Practice E 300,by
5.9 EquivalentApparatus—Newer technology may produce
passing it through a single-stage riffle type sample splitter and
devices that can perform an equivalent function to the me- recombining twice. Then pass the mixed sample through the
chanical sieve shaker described in 5.1, for which this method
riffle so as to obtain an approximate 250-mL of sample.
was originally developed (Tyler model RX-19–1 or –2). In the 7.2.2 Using the apparent density apparatus described inTest
case of newer devices being used, the tester should validate the
Method D 2854, obtain a test sample of 200 mL from each
equivalency of the newer device to that of theASTM standard sample. If the apparent density is less than 0.35 g/cc, a 50 g
tester (or its successors, for example, Tyler model RX-29) and
sample will be adequate, greater than 0.35 g/cc, use a sample
retain the capability to cross check the results of particle size not to exceed 100 g. In all cases, volume of the sample should
distribution analysis between the mechanical device described
not exceed 200 ml.
above and any newer sieving system.
NOTE 2—If the apparent density of the sample has been determined, a
calculated weight of sample equivalent to 200 6 10 mL may be used for
6. Sampling
each of the riffled samples.
6.1 Collect and prepare the granular activated carbon
7.2.3 Weigh each sample to the nearest 0.1 g.
samples in accordance with Practice E 300.
7.3 . Transfer the weighed sample to the top sieve.
7. Procedure 7.4 Install the sieve cover and transfer the assembly to the
sieve shaker.
7.1 Stackthesievestobeusedonthebottomreceiverpanin
7.5 Allow the sieve assembly to shake for 10 min 6 10 s
order of increasing sieve opening from bottom to top.
with the hammer operating.
7.6 Remove the sieve assembly from the sieve shaker and
W. S. Tyler Model 1778-S.B. o
...
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