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ASTM F658-00a

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Calibration of a Liquid-Borne Particle Counter Using an Optical System Based Upon Light Extinction

Standard Practice for Calibration of a Liquid-Borne Particle Counter Using an Optical System Based Upon Light Extinction

SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures for calibrating and determining performance of an optical liquid-borne particle counter (LPC) which uses an optical system based upon light extinction measurement. This practice is directed towards determination of accuracy and resolution of the LPC for characterizing the size and number of particles, which have been passed into the sample inlet of the LPC. Consideration of inlet sampling efficiency is not part of this practice.
1.2 The procedures covered in this practice include those to measure sample volume and flow rate, zero count level, particle sizing and counting accuracy, particle sizing resolution, particle counting efficiency, and particle concentration limit.
1.3 The particle size parameter reported in this practice is the equivalent optical diameter based on projected area of calibration particles with known physical properties dispersed in liquid. The manufacturer normally specifies the minimum diameter that can be reported by an LPC; the dynamic range of the LPC being used determines the maximum diameter that can be reported for a single sample. Typical minimum reported diameters are approximately 2 ´m, and a typical dynamic range specification will be approximately from 50 to 1.
1.4 The counting rate capability of the LPC is limited by temporal coincidence of particles in the sensing volume of the LPC and by the saturation level or maximum counting rate capability of the electronic sizing and counting circuitry. Coincidence is defined as the simultaneous presence of more than one particle within the LPC optically defined sensing zone at any time. The coincidence limit is a statistical function of particle concentration in the sample and the sensing zone volume when particle size is insignificant in comparison to the sensing volume dimensions. This limitation may be modified by the presence of particles with dimension so large as to be a significant fraction of the sensing zone dimension. The saturation level rate of the electronic counting circuitry shall be specified by the manufacturer and is normally greater than the LPC recommended maximum counting rate for the particle concentrations used for any portion of this practice.
1.5 Calibration in accordance with all parts of this practice may not be required for routine field calibration of an LPC unless significant changes have occurred in operation of the LPC or major component repairs or replacements have been made. The LPC shall then be taken to a suitable metrology facility for complete calibration. Normal routine field calibration may determine sample flow rate, zero count level, and particle sizing accuracy. The specific LPC functions to be calibrated shall be determined on the basis of agreement between the purchaser and the user. The maximum time interval between calibrations shall be determined by agreement between the purchaser and the user, but shall not exceed twelve months, unless LPC stability for longer periods is verified by measurements in accordance with this practice.
1.6 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operation, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Oct-2000
ICS
17.020 - Metrology and measurement in general
Technical Committee
E29 - Particle and Spray Characterization
Drafting Committee
E29.02 - Non-Sieving Methods
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM F658-00 - Standard Practice for Calibration of a Liquid-Borne Particle Counter Using an Optical System Based Upon Light Extinction
Effective Date
10-Oct-2000
Replaced By
ASTM F658-00a(2006) - Standard Practice for Calibration of a Liquid-Borne Particle Counter Using an Optical System Based Upon Light Extinction (Withdrawn 2007)
Effective Date
01-Apr-2006
Referred By
ASTM F50-21 - Standard Practice for Continuous Sizing and Counting of Airborne Particles in Dust-Controlled Areas and Clean Rooms Using Instruments Capable of Detecting Single Sub-Micrometre and Larger Particles
Effective Date
10-Oct-2000
Referred By
ASTM D8049-21 - Standard Test Method for Determining Concentration, Count, and Size Distribution of Solid Particles and Water in Light and Middle Distillate Fuels by Direct Imaging Analyzer
Effective Date
10-Oct-2000
Referred By
ASTM D4456-17 - Standard Test Methods for Physical and Chemical Properties of Powdered Ion Exchange Resins
Effective Date
10-Oct-2000
Referred By
ASTM D6908-06(2017) - Standard Practice for Integrity Testing of Water Filtration Membrane Systems
Effective Date
10-Oct-2000

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ASTM F658-00a - Standard Practice for Calibration of a Liquid-Borne Particle Counter Using an Optical System Based Upon Light ExtinctionASTM F658-00a - Standard Practice for Calibration of a Liquid-Borne Particle Counter Using an Optical System Based Upon Light Extinction
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ASTM F658-00a - Standard Practice for Calibration of a Liquid-Borne Particle Counter Using an Optical System Based Upon Light Extinction
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:F658–00a
Standard Practice for
Calibration of a Liquid-Borne Particle Counter Using an
1
Optical System Based Upon Light Extinction
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F658; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope by the presence of particles with dimension so large as to be a
3
significant fraction of the sensing zone dimension . The
1.1 This practice covers procedures for calibrating and
saturationlevelrateoftheelectroniccountingcircuitryshallbe
determining performance of an optical liquid-borne particle
specified by the manufacturer and is normally greater than the
counter (LPC) which uses an optical system based upon light
LPC recommended maximum counting rate for the particle
extinction measurement. This practice is directed towards
concentrations used for any portion of this practice.
determination of accuracy and resolution of the LPC for
1.5 Calibration in accordance with all parts of this practice
characterizing the size and number of particles, which have
may not be required for routine field calibration of an LPC
been passed into the sample inlet of the LPC. Consideration of
unless significant changes have occurred in operation of the
inlet sampling efficiency is not part of this practice.
LPC or major component repairs or replacements have been
1.2 The procedures covered in this practice include those to
made. The LPC shall then be taken to a suitable metrology
measure sample volume and flow rate, zero count level,
facility for complete calibration. Normal routine field calibra-
particle sizing and counting accuracy, particle sizing resolu-
tion may determine sample flow rate, zero count level, and
tion, particle counting efficiency, and particle concentration
particle sizing accuracy. The specific LPC functions to be
limit.
calibrated shall be determined on the basis of agreement
1.3 The particle size parameter reported in this practice is
between the purchaser and the user. The maximum time
the equivalent optical diameter based on projected area of
intervalbetweencalibrationsshallbedeterminedbyagreement
calibration particles with known physical properties dispersed
betweenthepurchaserandtheuser,butshallnotexceedtwelve
in liquid. The manufacturer normally specifies the minimum
months, unless LPC stability for longer periods is verified by
diameterthatcanbereportedbyanLPC;thedynamicrangeof
measurements in accordance with this practice.
theLPCbeinguseddeterminesthemaximumdiameterthatcan
1.6 This standard may involve hazardous materials, opera-
be reported for a single sample. Typical minimum reported
tion, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address
diametersareapproximately2µm,andatypicaldynamicrange
all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is
specification will be approximately from 50 to 1.
the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish
1.4 The counting rate capability of the LPC is limited by
appropriate safety and health practices and determine the
temporal coincidence of particles in the sensing volume of the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
LPC and by the saturation level or maximum counting rate
capability of the electronic sizing and counting circuitry.
2. Referenced Documents
Coincidence is defined as the simultaneous presence of more
2.1 ASTM Standards:
thanoneparticlewithintheLPCopticallydefinedsensingzone
4
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
at any time. The coincidence limit is a statistical function of
5
D3195 Practice for Rotameter Calibration
particle concentration in the sample and the sensing zone
E20 Practice for Particle Size Analysis of Particulate Sub-
volume when particle size is insignificant in comparison to the
2
stances in the Range of 0.2 to 75 Micrometres by Optical
sensing volume dimensions . This limitation may be modified
6
Microscopy
1
ThispracticeisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeE29onParticleand
3
Spray Characterization and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E29.02 on Knapp, J. Z. and Abramson, L. R., “A New Coincidence Model for Single
Non-Sieving Methods. Particle Counters. I Theory and Experimental Verification,” Journal of Parenteral
Current edition approved October 10, 2000. Published November 2000. Origi- Science and Technology, Vol 48, 1994, pp. 255-294.
4
nally published as F658–99. Last previous edition F658–00. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01.
2 5
Jaenicke, R., “The Optical Particle Counter: Cross-Sensitivity and Coinci- Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.03.
6
dence,” Journal of Aerosol Science, Vol 3, 1972, pp. 95-111.
...

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5.1 This guide is intended to provide instructions for the selection of horizontal positioning equipment under a wide range of conditions encountered in measurement of water depth in surface water bodies. These conditions, that include physical conditions at the measuring site, the quality of data required, the availability of appropriate measuring equipment, and the distances over which the measurements are to be made (including cost considerations), that govern the selection process. A step-by-step procedure for obtaining horizontal position is not discussed. This guide is to be used in conjunction with standard guide on measurement of surface water depth (such as standard Practice D5173.)
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1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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Standard Guide for Reporting Uncertainty of Test Results and Use of the Term Measurement Uncertainty in ASTM Test Methods

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This guide provides concepts necessary for understanding the term “uncertainty” when applied to a quantitative test result. Several measures of uncertainty can be applied to a given measurement result; the interpretation of some of the common forms is described. This guide describes methods for expressing test result uncertainty and relates these to standard statistical methodology. Relationships between uncertainty and concepts of precision and bias are described. This guide also presents concepts needed for a laboratory to identify and characterize components of method performance. Elements that an ASTM method can include to provide guidance to the user on estimating uncertainty for the method are described. This guide describes some of the types of data that the laboratory can use as the basis for reporting uncertainty.
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4.1 Part A of the “Blue Book,” Form and Style for ASTM Standards, introduces the statement of measurement uncertainty as an optional part of the report given for the result of applying a particular test method to a particular material.  
4.2 Preparation of uncertainty estimates is a requirement for laboratory accreditation under ISO/IEC 17025. This guide describes some of the types of data that the laboratory can use as the basis for reporting uncertainty.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides concepts necessary for understanding the term “uncertainty” when applied to a quantitative test result. Several measures of uncertainty can be applied to a given measurement result; the interpretation of some of the common forms is described.  
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5.1 It is often necessary to determine the slope of a linear region within a test record, and for standardization purposes, it is desirable to have a method for determining the slope that is not subjective. There are numerous ASTM standard test methods where the test procedure or analysis requires that slope be determined, but the procedures for doing so are not well defined. Ideally, if multiple laboratories analyze the same data for determination of slope, they should produce the same result. The objective of this standard practice is to eliminate the linear-fit as a source of variability in test results.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice presents an automated, objective linear-fitting method for determining the slope of the linear portion of a test record. The method assumes that there is a linear region early in the test record where the value of the y variable increases roughly in proportion to the x variable and the slope of the record decreases after the linear region. The practice determines the best linear fit to the data based on the least normalized residual and provides metrics for evaluating the quality of the test record and the quality of the resultant fit.  
1.2 Data quality metrics are applied that evaluate the level of noise and the digital resolution of the data to determine if the test record is adequate for a linear regression analysis. Fit quality metrics use analysis of residuals in the vicinity of the fit range to determine if the test record is adequately linear and the fit range is sufficiently large.  
1.3 For test records that meet the data and fit quality metrics, the practice determines a repeatable slope without the need for operator input that is independent of operator judgment. For test records that fail one or more of the quality metrics, it is recommended that the analyst evaluate the fit to determine if it is acceptable.  
1.4 This practice represents a general purpose approach that is applicable for any test standard or method in which a linear fit is desired. It is intended that this practice can be called upon by standard test methods when slope must be determined.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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