ASTM D5906-21

Standard Guide for Measuring Horizontal Positioning During Measurements of Surface Water Depths

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This guide is intended to provide instructions for the selection of horizontal positioning equipment under a wide range of conditions encountered in measurement of water depth in surface water bodies. These conditions, that include physical conditions at the measuring site, the quality of data required, the availability of appropriate measuring equipment, and the distances over which the measurements are to be made (including cost considerations), that govern the selection process. A step-by-step procedure for obtaining horizontal position is not discussed. This guide is to be used in conjunction with standard guide on measurement of surface water depth (such as standard Practice D5173.)
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers the selection of procedures commonly used to establish a measurement of horizontal position during investigations of surface water bodies that are as follows:    
Sections  
Procedure A—Manual Measurement  
7 to 12  
Procedure B—Optical Measurement  
13 to 17  
Procedure C—Electronic Measurement  
18 to 27  
1.1.1 The narrative specifies horizontal positioning terminology and describes manual, optical, and electronic measuring equipment and techniques.  
1.2 The references cited contain information that may help in the design of a high quality measurement program.  
1.3 The information provided on horizontal positioning is descriptive in nature and not intended to endorse any particular item of manufactured equipment or procedure.  
1.4 This guide pertains to determining horizontal position of a depth measurement in quiescent or low velocity flow.  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Oct-2021
• ICS: 13.060.10 - Water of natural resources
• ICS: 17.020 - Metrology and measurement in general
• Technical Committee: D19 - Water
• Drafting Committee: D19.07 - Sediments, Geomorphology, and Open-Channel Flow

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D5906 − 21
Standard Guide for
Measuring Horizontal Positioning During Measurements of
1
Surface Water Depths
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5906; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 Thisguidecoverstheselectionofprocedurescommonly
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
used to establish a measurement of horizontal position during
D3858 Test Method for Open-Channel Flow Measurement
investigations of surface water bodies that are as follows:
of Water by Velocity-Area Method
Sections
D4410 Terminology for Fluvial Sediment
Procedure A—Manual Measurement 7 to 12
Procedure B—Optical Measurement 13 to 17
D4581 Guide for Measurement of Morphologic Character-
Procedure C—Electronic Measurement 18 to 27
3
istics of Surface Water Bodies (Withdrawn 2013)
1.1.1 The narrative specifies horizontal positioning termi-
D5073 Practice for Depth Measurement of Surface Water
nologyanddescribesmanual,optical,andelectronicmeasuring
D5173 Guide for On-Line Monitoring of Total Organic
equipment and techniques.
Carbon in Water by Oxidation and Detection of Resulting
Carbon Dioxide
1.2 The references cited contain information that may help
in the design of a high quality measurement program.
3. Terminology
1.3 The information provided on horizontal positioning is
3.1 Definitions:
descriptive in nature and not intended to endorse any particular
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this guide, refer to
item of manufactured equipment or procedure.
Terminology D1129.
1.4 Thisguidepertainstodetermininghorizontalpositionof 3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
a depth measurement in quiescent or low velocity flow. 3.2.1 accuracy—refers to how close a measurement is to the
true or actual value. (See Terminology D1129.)
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
3.2.2 baseline, n—the primary reference line for use in
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
measuring azimuth angles and positioning distances.
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
and are not considered standard.
3.2.3 continuous wave system, n—an electronic positioning
system in which the signal transmitted between the transmitter
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
and responder stations travels as a wave having constant
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
frequency and amplitude.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.2.4 electronic distance measurement (EDM), n—the mea-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
surement of distance using pulsing or phase comparison
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
systems.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3.2.5 electronic positioning system (EPS), n—a system that
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the receives two or more EDM to obtain a position.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
3.2.6 global positioning system (GPS), n—aglobalposition-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
ing system (GPS) is a satellite-based EDM system used in
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
determining Cartesian coordinates (x, y, z) of a position by
means of radio signals from NAVSTAR satellites.
1 2
This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D19 on Water and is For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.07 on Sediments, Geomorphology, contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
and Open-Channel Flow. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2021. Published June 2022. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D5906 – 02 (2013). The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
DOI: 10.1520/D5906-22. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5906 − 21
3.2.7 horizontal control, n—a series of connected lines range of conditions encountered in measurement of water
wh
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5906 − 02 (Reapproved 2013) D5906 − 21
Standard Guide for
Measuring Horizontal Positioning During Measurements of
1
Surface Water Depths
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5906; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide covers the selection of procedures commonly used to establish a measurement of horizontal position during
investigations of surface water bodies that are as follows:
Sections
Procedure A—Manual Measurement 7 to 12
Procedure B—Optical Measurement 13 to 17
Procedure C—Electronic Measurement 18 to 27
1.1.1 The narrative specifies horizontal positioning terminology and describes manual, optical, and electronic measuring
equipment and techniques.
1.2 The references cited contain information that may help in the design of a high quality measurement program.
1.3 The information provided on horizontal positioning is descriptive in nature and not intended to endorse any particular item
of manufactured equipment or procedure.
1.4 This guide pertains to determining horizontal position of a depth measurement in quiescent or low velocity flow.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI unitsvalues given in parentheses are for
information only.mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.07 on Sediments, Geomorphology, and
Open-Channel Flow.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2013Nov. 1, 2021. Published January 2013June 2022. Originally approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 20072013 as
D5906 – 02 (2007).(2013). DOI: 10.1520/D5906-02R13.10.1520/D5906-22.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5906 − 21
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
D3858 Test Method for Open-Channel Flow Measurement of Water by Velocity-Area Method
D4410 Terminology for Fluvial Sediment
3
D4581 Guide for Measurement of Morphologic Characteristics of Surface Water Bodies (Withdrawn 2013)
D5073 Practice for Depth Measurement of Surface Water
D5173 Guide for On-Line Monitoring of Total Organic Carbon in Water by Oxidation and Detection of Resulting Carbon
Dioxide
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—Definitions:
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this guide, refer to Terminology D1129.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 accuracy—refers to how close a measurement is to the true or actual value. (See Terminology D1129.)
3.2.2 baseline—baseline, n—the primary reference line for use in measuring azimuth angles and positioning distances.
3.2.3 continuous wave system—system, n—an electronic positioning system in which the signal transmitted between the
transmitter and responder stations travels as a wave having constant frequency and amplitude.
3.2.4 electronic distance measurement (EDM)—(EDM), n—the measurement of distance using pulsing or phase comparison
systems.
3.2.5 electronic positioning system (EPS)—(EPS), n—a system that receives two or more EDM to obtain a position.
3.2.6 global positioning system (GPS)—(GPS), n—a global positioning system (GPS) is a satellite-based EDM system used in
determining Cartesian coordinates (x, y, z) of a position by means of radio signals from NAVSTAR satellites.
3.2.7 horizontal control—control, n—a series of connected lines whose azimuths and lengths have been determined by
triangulation, trilateration, and traversi
...