iTeh StandardsiTeh Standards
EURUSD
Your shopping cart is empty.
ASTM

ASTM D5578-04(2010)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Determination of Ethylene Oxide in Workplace Atmospheres (HBr Derivatization Method)

Standard Test Method for Determination of Ethylene Oxide in Workplace Atmospheres (HBr Derivatization Method)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Ethylene oxide is a major industrial chemical with production volume ranked in the top 25 chemicals produced in the United States. It is used in the manufacture of a great variety of products as well as being a sterilizing agent and fumigant.
This test method provides a means of determining exposure levels of ETO in the working environment at the presently recommended exposure guidelines.
OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) 1 ppm, 15-min excursion limit 5 ppm (CFR, Part 1910, Subpart Z, Section 1910.1047).  
ACGIH Threshold Limit Value (TLV) 1 ppm (1.8 mg/m3), suspected human carcinogen.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a method of collecting and analyzing samples to determine the amount of ethylene oxide (ETO) present in workplace atmospheres.
1.2 This test method can be used to provide a time-weighted average (TWA) over the concentration range from 0.2 to 4 ppm (v).
1.3 This test method can be used to determine 15-min excursions (STEL) ranging from 1 to 25 ppm (v).
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Section 9 for specific safety hazards.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Mar-2010
ICS
13.040.30 - Workplace atmospheres
Technical Committee
D22 - Air Quality
Drafting Committee
D22.04 - Workplace Air Quality
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D5578-04 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Ethylene Oxide in Workplace Atmospheres (HBr Derivatization Method)
Effective Date
01-Apr-2010
Replaced By
ASTM D5578-04(2015) - Standard Test Method for Determination of Ethylene Oxide in Workplace Atmospheres (HBr Derivatization Method)
Effective Date
01-Oct-2015

Buy Standard

ASTM D5578-04(2010) - Standard Test Method for Determination of Ethylene Oxide in Workplace Atmospheres (HBr Derivatization Method)ASTM D5578-04(2010) - Standard Test Method for Determination of Ethylene Oxide in Workplace Atmospheres (HBr Derivatization Method)
PreviousNext
Standard
ASTM D5578-04(2010) - Standard Test Method for Determination of Ethylene Oxide in Workplace Atmospheres (HBr Derivatization Method)
English language
4 pages
sale 15% off
Preview
sale 15% off
Preview

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D5578 − 04(Reapproved 2010)
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Ethylene Oxide in Workplace Atmospheres
1
(HBr Derivatization Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5578; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
3
1. Scope 2.2 Other Standard:
Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. De-
1.1 This test method covers a method of collecting and
partmentofLabor,Title29, Code of Federal Regulations,
analyzing samples to determine the amount of ethylene oxide
Part 1910, Subpart Z, Section 1910.1047.
(ETO) present in workplace atmospheres.
1.2 Thistestmethodcanbeusedtoprovideatime-weighted
3. Terminology
average(TWA)overtheconcentrationrangefrom0.2to4ppm
3.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer to
(v).
Terminology D1356, and Practice E355.
1.3 This test method can be used to determine 15-min
excursions (STEL) ranging from 1 to 25 ppm (v).
4. Summary of Test Method
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the 4.1 A known volume of air is pumped through a glass tube
2
standard.
packed with carbon molecular sieve, surface area 400 m /g
impregnated with hydrogen bromide (HBr) where ETO is
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
adsorbed and converted to 2-bromoethanol.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- 4.2 The tube contains two reactive sections for sample
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- collection. The backup section collects vapors that pass
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Section 9 for
through the front section and is used to determine if the
specific safety hazards. collection capacity of the front section has been exceeded.
4.3 The resultant derivative, 2-bromoethanol, is desorbed
2. Referenced Documents
with a mixture of acetonitrile/toluene and analyzed using a gas
2
chromatograph equipped with an electron capture detector.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of
4.4 Desorption efficiency is determined by spiking tubes
Atmospheres
withknownamountsof2-bromoethanolandanalyzingwiththe
D3686 Practice for Sampling Atmospheres to Collect Or-
same procedure used for air samples.
ganic Compound Vapors (Activated Charcoal Tube Ad-
4.5 Quantitation is achieved by comparing peak areas from
sorption Method)
sample solutions with areas from standard solutions.
D3687 Practice for Analysis of Organic Compound Vapors
Collected by the Activated Charcoal Tube Adsorption
5. Significance and Use
Method
E355 Practice for Gas Chromatography Terms and Relation- 5.1 Ethylene oxide is a major industrial chemical with
ships production volume ranked in the top 25 chemicals produced in
the United States. It is used in the manufacture of a great
variety of products as well as being a sterilizing agent and
fumigant.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on Air
Qualityand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.04 on Workplace Air
5.2 This test method provides a means of determining
Quality.
exposure levels of ETO in the working environment at the
Current edition approved April 1, 2010. Published June 2010. Originally
presently recommended exposure guidelines.
approved in 1994. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D5578 - 04. DOI:
10.1520/D5578-04R10.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing
the ASTM website. Office, Washington, DC 20402.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5578 − 04 (2010)
5.2.1 OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) 1 ppm, 7.6 Gas-Tight Syringe, 2 µL, with low dead-volume needle.
15-min excursion limit 5 ppm (CFR, Part 1910, Subpart Z,
7.7 Gas Chromatograph (GC):
3
Section 1910.1047).
7.7.1 Gas Chromatograph,withanelectroncapturedetector
5.2.2 ACGIH Threshold Limit Value (TLV) 1 ppm (1.8
and a suitable readout device.
3 4
mg/m ), suspected human carcinogen.
7.7.2 Chromatographic Column, packed or capillary col-
umns in accordance with 7.7.2.1 and 7.7.2.2 have been found
6. Interferences
suitable for this analysis.
1
6.1 Derivatives and other compounds that have identical or
7.7.2.1 Packed, 3.7 m by 3 mm (1
...

Questions, Comments and Discussion

Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.

This May Also Interest You

ASTM
ASTM D4856-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Sulfuric Acid Mist in Workplace Atmospheres Collected on Mixed Cellulose Ester Filters (Ion Chromatographic Analysis)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Sulfuric acid is used in the manufacture of fertilizer, explosives, dyestuffs, other acids, parchment paper, glue, lead acid batteries, textiles, etc., and in the pickling of metals.  
5.2 This test method has been found to be satisfactory in the measurement of sulfuric acid for comparison with relevant occupational exposure limits.
Note 2: In some countries the occupational exposure limit value (OELV) for sulfuric acid is related to the thoracic aerosol fraction; in such cases it is recommended to use a sampler for the thoracic aerosol fraction (ISO 20581).6
SCOPE
1.1 This ion chromatographic test method describes the determination of sulfuric acid mist in air samples collected from workplace atmospheres on a mixed cellulose ester (MCE) filter.
Note 1: Other filter types such as quartz fiber, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) filters are also suitable.  
1.2 The lower detection limit of this test method is 0.001 mg/sample or 0.017 mg/m3 of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) mist in 60 L of air sampled at 1 L/min.  
1.3 This test method is subject to interference from soluble and partially soluble sulfate salts. Other sulfur-containing compounds can be oxidized to sulfate and also interfere.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 No detailed instrument operating instructions are provided because of differences among various makes and models of ion chromatography (IC) systems. Instead, the analyst shall follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer of the particular instrument, analytical column, and suppressors used.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Section 9.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D4185-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Measurement of Metals in Workplace Atmospheres by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The health of workers in many industries is at risk through exposure by inhalation to toxic metals. Industrial hygienists and other public health professionals need to determine the effectiveness of measures taken to control workers' exposures, and this is generally achieved by making workplace air measurements. Exposure to some metal-containing particles has been demonstrated to cause dermatitis, skin ulcers, eye problems, chemical pneumonitis, and other physical disorders (16).3  
5.2 FAAS is capable of quantitatively determining many metals in air samples at the levels required by federal, state, and local occupational health and air pollution regulations. The analysis results can be used for the assessment of workplace exposures to metals in workplace air. The suitability of FAAS for elemental analysis for exposure assessment purposes must be investigated prior to carrying out workplace air sampling, in consideration of relevant occupational exposure limit values (OELVs) for metals of concern.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the collection, dissolution, and determination of trace metals in workplace atmospheres, by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry (FAAS).  
1.2 The estimated method detection limits and optimum working concentration ranges for 21 metals are given in Table 1.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  (Specific safety precautionary statements are given in Section 9.)  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    8 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    8 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D7202-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Beryllium in the Workplace by Extraction and Optical Fluorescence Detection

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Exposure to beryllium can cause a potentially fatal disease, and occupational exposure limits for beryllium in air and on surfaces have been established to reduce exposure risks to potentially affected workers (4-7). Sampling and analytical methods for beryllium are needed in order to meet the challenges relating to exposure assessment and risk reduction. Sampling and analysis methods, such as the procedure described in this test method, are desired in order to facilitate on-site and fixed-site laboratory measurement of trace beryllium. Beryllium analysis results can then be used as a basis for exposure assessment and protection of human health.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is intended for use in the determination of beryllium by sampling workplace air and surface dust.  
1.2 This test method assumes that air and surface samples are collected using appropriate and applicable ASTM International standard practices for sampling of workplace air and surface dust. These samples are typically collected using air filter sampling, vacuum sampling or wiping techniques. See Guide E1370 for guidance on air sampling strategies, and Guide D7659 for guidance on selection of surface sampling techniques.  
1.3 Determination of beryllium in soil is not within the scope of this test method. See Test Method D7458 for determination of beryllium in soil samples.  
1.4 This test method includes a procedure for extraction (dissolution) of beryllium in weakly acidic medium (pH of 1 % aqueous ammonium bifluoride is 4.8), followed by field analysis of aliquots of the extract solution using a beryllium-specific-optically fluorescent dye.  
1.5 The procedure is suitable for on-site use in the field for occupational and environmental hygiene monitoring purposes. The method is also applicable for use in fixed-site laboratories.  
1.6 No detailed operating instructions are provided because of differences among various makes and models of suitable fluorometric instruments. Instead, the analyst shall follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer of the particular instrument. This test method does not address comparative accuracy of different devices or the precision between instruments of the same make and model.  
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.8 This test method contains notes that are explanatory and not part of mandatory requirements of the standard.  
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    9 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    9 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D5156-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Continuous Measurement of Ozone in Ambient, Workplace, and Indoor Atmospheres (Ultraviolet Absorption)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Standards for O3  in the atmosphere have been promulgated by government authorities to protect the health and welfare of the public (6) and also for the protection of industrial workers (7).  
5.2 Although O3  itself is a toxic material, in ambient air it is primarily the photochemical oxidants formed along with O3  in polluted air exposed to sunlight that cause smog symptoms such as lachrymation and burning eyes. Ozone is much more easily monitored than these photochemical oxidants and provides a good indication of their concentrations, and it is therefore the substance that is specified in air quality standards and regulations.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes the sampling and continuous analysis of ozone (O3) in the atmosphere at concentrations ranging from 10 to 2000 μg/m3 of O3  in air (5 ppb(v) to 1 ppm(v)).  
1.1.1 The test method is limited to applications by its sensitivity to interferences as described in Section 6. The interference sensitivities may limit its use for ambient and workplace atmospheres.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    7 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    7 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D4600-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Benzene-Soluble Particulate Matter in Workplace Atmospheres

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method provides a means of evaluating exposures to benzene-soluble particulate matter in a concentration range that can be related to occupational exposures.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes the sampling and gravimetric determination of benzene-soluble particulate matter that has become airborne as a result of certain industrial processes. This test method can be used to determine the total weight of benzene-soluble materials and to provide a sample that may be used for specific and detailed analyses of the soluble components.  
1.2 The limit of detection is 0.05 mg/m3 by sampling a 1 m3 volume of air.
Note 1: Other volatile organic solvents have been used for this determination and whereas a less toxic solvent for this analysis might be desirable, the substitution of a solvent other than benzene is unwise at this time. A tremendous volume of environmental sampling data based on benzene-soluble determinations has been accumulated over many years in several industries.2 Some of the determinations have been used in epidemiological studies. Furthermore, the use of benzene is specified in existing United States federal standards.3 As a result, it appears imprudent to use a different solvent until the qualitative and quantitative relationship of analyses derived from benzene and a substitute solvent is established. With proper care, benzene can be safely used in the laboratory.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D6494-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Asphalt Fume Particulate Matter in Workplace Atmospheres as Benzene Soluble Fraction

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Asphalt is a material used in the construction of roads and as a roofing material and sealant.  
5.2 This test method provides a means of evaluating exposure to asphalt fume in the working environment at the presently recommended exposure guidelines (for example, Threshold Limit Values and Biological Exposure Indices, ACGIH).7  
5.3 This procedure has been adapted from NIOSH Method 5023 (withdrawn prior to 4th edition (1994) and replaced in 1998 with NIOSH Method 5042) and OSHA Method 58 to reduce the level of background contamination providing better reproducibility.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of asphalt fume particulate matter (as benzene soluble fraction) and total particulate matter weight in workplace atmospheres using a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) filter methodology.  
1.2 This procedure has been adapted from NIOSH Method 5023 (withdrawn prior to 4th edition (1994) and replaced in 1998 with NIOSH Method 5042) and OSHA Method 58. This adaptation was made to reduce the level of background contamination providing better reproducibility.  
1.3 This procedure is compatible with high flow rate personal sampling equipment–0.5 to 2.0 L/min. It can be used for personal or area monitoring.  
1.4 The sampling method develops a time-weighted average (TWA) sample and can be used to determine short-term exposure limit (STEL).  
1.5 The applicable concentration range for the TWA sample is from 0.2 to 2.0 mg/m3.
Note 1: A study has suggested candidate solvents for benzene replacement.2 A less toxic solvent for this analysis would be more appropriate, although the substitution with a solvent other than benzene needs further validations with field data.  
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For more specific precautionary statements, see Section 9.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D7659-21(Guide)
Standard Guide for Strategies for Surface Sampling of Metals and Metalloids for Worker Protection

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide describes approaches which can be used to determine surface sampling strategies before any actual surface sampling occurs. The strategy selection process needs to consider a number of factors, including, but not limited to, purpose for sampling, fitness of the sampling strategy for that purpose, data quality objectives and how the data will be used, ability to execute the selected strategy, and ability of the analytical laboratory (fixed-site or in-field) to analyze the samples once they are collected.  
4.2 For the purposes of sampling, and for the materials sampled, surface sampling strategies are matters of choice. Workplace sampling may be performed for single or multiple purposes. Conflicts may arise when a single sampling strategy is expected to satisfy multiple purposes.  
4.2.1 Limitations of cost, space, power requirements, equipment, personnel, and analytical methods need to be considered to arrive at an optimum strategy for each purpose.  
4.2.2 A strategy intended to satisfy multiple purposes will typically be a compromise among several alternatives, and will typically not be optimal for any one purpose.  
4.2.3 The purpose or purposes for sampling should be explicitly stated before a sampling strategy is selected. Good practice, regulatory and legal requirements, cost of the sampling program, and the usefulness of the results may be markedly different for different purposes of sampling.  
4.3 This guide is intended for those who are preparing to evaluate a workplace environment by collecting samples of metals or metalloids on surfaces, or who wish to obtain an understanding of what information can be obtained by such sampling.  
4.4 This guide cannot take the place of sound professional judgment in development and execution of any sampling strategy. In most instances, a strategy based on a standard practice or method will need to be adjusted due to conditions encountered in the field. Documentation of any professional judgments appl...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides criteria to be used in defining strategies for sampling for metals and metalloids on surfaces for workplace health and safety monitoring or evaluation.  
1.2 Guidance provided by this standard is intended for sampling of metals and metalloids on surfaces for subsequent analysis using methods such as atomic spectrometry, mass spectrometry, X-ray fluorescence, or molecular fluorescence. Guidance for evaluation of data after sample analysis is included.  
1.3 Sampling for volatile organometallic species (for example, trimethyl tin) is not within the scope of this guide.  
1.4 Sampling to determine levels of metals or metalloids on the skin is not within the scope of this guide.  
1.5 Sampling for airborne particulate matter is not within the scope of this guide. Guide E1370 provides information on air sampling strategies.  
1.6 Where surface sampling is prescribed by law or regulation, this guide is not intended to take the place of any requirements that may be specified in such law or regulation.  
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Guide
    11 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Guide
    11 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D8405-21(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Evaluating PM2.5 Sensors or Sensor Systems Used in Indoor Air Applications

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Poor indoor air quality has been implicated in significant adverse acute and chronic impacts on occupant health and performance. The ability to assess the components contributing to poor indoor air quality is critical for determining best practices for improving indoor air quality.  
5.2 Measurement of pollutants in indoor environments using sensors and sensor systems provides information needed to improve indoor air quality through pollutant source control, ventilation, filtration or other treatments.  
5.3 This method uses a test characterization chamber system equipped with reference monitor(s) to evaluate the response of test sensors or test sensor systems to specific types of particles (for example, salt, polystyrene latex, or dust). To facilitate reproducible results, the test particles used within this method are standardized and have known properties. The user is cautioned that a single particle type is not representative of all particles found indoors. The relative response of test sensors or test sensor systems to a reference monitor can vary by a factor of two for different particle types (for example, primary or secondary, organic or inorganic, outdoor or indoor origin; see 6.11.3 for further discussion). Furthermore, the user is cautioned that the lower limit of particle size detection for optical test sensors and test sensor systems is generally 0.3 μm in diameter; particles below this size are generally undetected and may represent a significant health concern as well.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method uses a chamber system to evaluate the performance of stationary PM2.5 sensors (sensors) and particle sensor systems (sensor systems) subjected to various test conditions, including temperature, relative humidity, PM2.5 concentration, and coarse PM interferent concentration.  
1.1.1 This test method covers sensors and sensor systems that can be continuously powered and continuously operated for the duration of any test described in this method through line power or an internal battery of sufficient output. This test method is not meant to evaluate sensors or sensor systems without these capabilities.  
1.1.2 This test method evaluates the performance of sensors and sensor systems that allow users to collect data in a systemic manner to assess the capabilities and limitations of these devices.  
1.1.3 This test method is not meant to evaluate sensors or sensor systems without data storage and recording capabilities.  
1.1.4 This test method is not intended to evaluate indoor air quality sensors and sensor systems for purposes of regulation of outdoor air, homeland security, law enforcement or forensic activity.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    18 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM E1370-21(Guide)
Standard Guide for Air Sampling Strategies for Worker and Workplace Protection

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide describes standard approaches used to formulate air sampling strategies before actual air sampling occurs.  
4.2 For most workplace air sampling purposes, and for the majority of materials sampled, air sampling strategies are matters of choice. Air sampling in the workplace may be done for single or multiple purposes, such as health impact, hazard or risk assessment, compliance assessment, or investigation of complaints. Problems can arise when a single air sampling strategy is expected to satisfy multiple diverse purposes.  
4.2.1 Proper consideration of limitations of cost, space, power requirements, equipment, analytical methods, training and personnel result in a best available strategy for each purpose.  
4.2.2 A strategy designed to satisfy multiple purposes must be a compromise among several alternatives, and will not be optimum for any one purpose; however, the strategy should be appropriate for the intended purpose(s).  
4.2.3 The purpose or purposes for sampling should be explicitly stated before a sampling strategy is selected in order to ensure that the sampling strategy is appropriate for the intended use. Good sampling practice, legal requirements, cost of the sampling program, and the utility of the results may be markedly different for different intended sampling purposes.  
4.3 This guide is intended for use by those who are preparing to evaluate air quality in a work environment of a location by air sampling, or who wish to obtain an understanding of what information can be obtained by carrying out air sampling.  
4.4 This guide should not be used as a stand-alone document to evaluate any given airborne contaminant(s).  
4.5 This guide cannot take the place of sound professional judgment in development and execution of any sampling strategy. In most instances, a strategy based on a standard practice or method will need to be adjusted due to conditions encountered in the field. Documentation of any professional judgments appli...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide describes criteria to be used in defining air sampling strategies for workplace health and safety monitoring or evaluation. Sampling criteria such as duration, frequency, number, location, method, equipment, and timing are all considered.  
1.2 Where air sampling is prescribed by law or regulation, this guide is not intended to take the place of any requirements that may be specified in such law or regulation.  
1.3 Guidance for surface sampling strategies for metals and metalloids is provided in Guide D7659.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Guide
    11 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Guide
    11 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D8404-21(Practice)
Standard Practice for Preparation of Soil Samples by Ammonium Bifluoride-Nitric Acid Digestion for Subsequent Analysis for Metals and Metalloids

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 There is a need to monitor the content of metals and metalloids in order to determine the presence of potential hazards. Hence, effective and efficient methods are required for the preparation of soil samples for determination of metals and metalloids present therein.  
5.2 This practice may be used for the digestion of soil samples that are collected during various construction and renovation and hazard survey activities in and around buildings and related structures. The practice is also suitable for the digestion of soil samples for metal and metalloid analyses collected from other locations, such as near roads and steel structures. For some other extraction procedures, see Practices D3974.  
5.3 This practice is intended to be used to prepare samples that have been collected for hazard assessment purposes but may be used for other applications such as, for example, monitoring the effectiveness of remediation activities.  
5.4 This practice may be capable of determining metals and metalloids bound within matrices, such as silica, that are not soluble in nitric acid alone.  
5.5 This practice includes drying and homogenization steps to help assure that reported results are representative of the sample and are independent of potential differences in soil moisture levels among different sampling locations or changing weather conditions.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers drying, homogenization, and ammonium bifluoride-nitric acid digestion of soil samples and associated quality control (QC) samples for the determination of metals and metalloids using laboratory atomic spectrometry analysis techniques such as inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES), flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS), and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS). For ammonium bifluoride-nitric acid digestion of airborne dust and dust-wipe samples for the determination of metals and metalloids, see Practice D8344.  
1.2 This practice is based on U.S. EPA SW 846, Test Method 3050, Test Method D7202, and Practice D8344.  
1.3 This practice contains notes that are explanatory and are not part of the mandatory requirements of this standard.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    6 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off