ASTM D7659-21
(Guide)Standard Guide for Strategies for Surface Sampling of Metals and Metalloids for Worker Protection
Standard Guide for Strategies for Surface Sampling of Metals and Metalloids for Worker Protection
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide describes approaches which can be used to determine surface sampling strategies before any actual surface sampling occurs. The strategy selection process needs to consider a number of factors, including, but not limited to, purpose for sampling, fitness of the sampling strategy for that purpose, data quality objectives and how the data will be used, ability to execute the selected strategy, and ability of the analytical laboratory (fixed-site or in-field) to analyze the samples once they are collected.
4.2 For the purposes of sampling, and for the materials sampled, surface sampling strategies are matters of choice. Workplace sampling may be performed for single or multiple purposes. Conflicts may arise when a single sampling strategy is expected to satisfy multiple purposes.
4.2.1 Limitations of cost, space, power requirements, equipment, personnel, and analytical methods need to be considered to arrive at an optimum strategy for each purpose.
4.2.2 A strategy intended to satisfy multiple purposes will typically be a compromise among several alternatives, and will typically not be optimal for any one purpose.
4.2.3 The purpose or purposes for sampling should be explicitly stated before a sampling strategy is selected. Good practice, regulatory and legal requirements, cost of the sampling program, and the usefulness of the results may be markedly different for different purposes of sampling.
4.3 This guide is intended for those who are preparing to evaluate a workplace environment by collecting samples of metals or metalloids on surfaces, or who wish to obtain an understanding of what information can be obtained by such sampling.
4.4 This guide cannot take the place of sound professional judgment in development and execution of any sampling strategy. In most instances, a strategy based on a standard practice or method will need to be adjusted due to conditions encountered in the field. Documentation of any professional judgments appl...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides criteria to be used in defining strategies for sampling for metals and metalloids on surfaces for workplace health and safety monitoring or evaluation.
1.2 Guidance provided by this standard is intended for sampling of metals and metalloids on surfaces for subsequent analysis using methods such as atomic spectrometry, mass spectrometry, X-ray fluorescence, or molecular fluorescence. Guidance for evaluation of data after sample analysis is included.
1.3 Sampling for volatile organometallic species (for example, trimethyl tin) is not within the scope of this guide.
1.4 Sampling to determine levels of metals or metalloids on the skin is not within the scope of this guide.
1.5 Sampling for airborne particulate matter is not within the scope of this guide. Guide E1370 provides information on air sampling strategies.
1.6 Where surface sampling is prescribed by law or regulation, this guide is not intended to take the place of any requirements that may be specified in such law or regulation.
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D7659 − 21
Standard Guide for
Strategies for Surface Sampling of Metals and Metalloids for
1
Worker Protection
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7659; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This guide provides criteria to be used in defining 2.1 ASTM Standards:
strategies for sampling for metals and metalloids on surfaces D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of
for workplace health and safety monitoring or evaluation. Atmospheres
D3670 Guide for Determination of Precision and Bias of
1.2 Guidance provided by this standard is intended for
Methods of Committee D22
sampling of metals and metalloids on surfaces for subsequent
D5438 Practice for Collection of Floor Dust for Chemical
analysis using methods such as atomic spectrometry, mass
Analysis
spectrometry, X-ray fluorescence, or molecular fluorescence.
D6399 Guide for Selecting Instruments and Methods for
Guidance for evaluation of data after sample analysis is
Measuring Air Quality in Aircraft Cabins
included.
D6620 Practice for Asbestos Detection Limit Based on
1.3 Sampling for volatile organometallic species (for
Counts
example, trimethyl tin) is not within the scope of this guide.
D6966 Practice for Collection of Settled Dust Samples
Using Wipe Sampling Methods for Subsequent Determi-
1.4 Sampling to determine levels of metals or metalloids on
the skin is not within the scope of this guide. nation of Metals
D7035 Test Method for Determination of Metals and Met-
1.5 Sampling for airborne particulate matter is not within
alloids in Airborne Particulate Matter by Inductively
the scope of this guide. Guide E1370 provides information on
Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-
air sampling strategies.
AES)
1.6 Where surface sampling is prescribed by law or
D7144 Practice for Collection of Surface Dust by Micro-
regulation, this guide is not intended to take the place of any
vacuum Sampling for Subsequent Determination of Met-
requirements that may be specified in such law or regulation.
als and Metalloids
D7202 Test Method for Determination of Beryllium in the
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Workplace by Extraction and Optical Fluorescence Detec-
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
tion
standard.
D7296 Practice for Collection of Settled Dust Samples
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Using Dry Wipe Sampling Methods for Subsequent De-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
termination of Beryllium and Compounds
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
D7439 Test Method for Determination of Elements in Air-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
borne Particulate Matter by Inductively Coupled Plasma-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
–Mass Spectrometry
1.9 This international standard was developed in accor-
D7440 Practice for Characterizing Uncertainty in Air Qual-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ity Measurements
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
D7822 Practice for Dermal Wipe Sampling for the Subse-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
quent Determination of Metals and Metalloids
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
E1216 Practice for Sampling for Particulate Contamination
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
by Tape Lift
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on Air Quality
2
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.04 on WorkplaceAir Quality. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2021. Published October 2021. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 2010. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D7659 – 10 (2015). Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/D7659-21. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7659 − 21
E1370 Guide for Air Sampling Strategies for Worker and to measure accurately an analyte, both qualitatively and
Workplace Protection quantitatively. (1)
E1402 Guide for
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7659 − 10 (Reapproved 2015) D7659 − 21
Standard Guide for
Strategies for Surface Sampling of Metals and Metalloids for
1
Worker Protection
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7659; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide provides criteria to be used in defining strategies for sampling for metals and metalloids on surfaces for workplace
health and safety monitoring or evaluation.
1.2 Guidance provided by this standard is intended for sampling of metals and metalloids on surfaces for subsequent analysis using
methods such as atomic spectrometry, mass spectrometry, X-ray fluorescence, or molecular fluorescence. Guidance for evaluation
of data after sample analysis is included.
1.3 Sampling for volatile organometallic species (for example, trimethyl tin) is not within the scope of this guide.
1.4 Sampling to determine levels of metals or metalloids on the skin is not within the scope of this guide.
1.5 Sampling for airborne particulate matter is not within the scope of this guide. Guide E1370 provides information on air
sampling strategies.
1.6 Where surface sampling is prescribed by law or regulation, this guide is not intended to take the place of any requirements
that may be specified in such law or regulation.
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on Air Quality and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.04 on Workplace Air Quality.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2015Sept. 1, 2021. Published October 2015October 2021. Originally approved in 2010. Last previous edition approved in 20102015 as
D7659 – 10. 10 (2015). DOI: 10.1520/D7659-10R15.10.1520/D7659-21.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7659 − 21
D3670 Guide for Determination of Precision and Bias of Methods of Committee D22
D5438 Practice for Collection of Floor Dust for Chemical Analysis
D6399 Guide for Selecting Instruments and Methods for Measuring Air Quality in Aircraft Cabins
D6620 Practice for Asbestos Detection Limit Based on Counts
D6966 Practice for Collection of Settled Dust Samples Using Wipe Sampling Methods for Subsequent Determination of Metals
D7035 Test Method for Determination of Metals and Metalloids in Airborne Particulate Matter by Inductively Coupled Plasma
Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES)
D7144 Practice for Collection of Surface Dust by Micro-vacuum Sampling for Subsequent Determination of Metals and
Metalloids
D7202 Test Method for Determination of Beryllium in the Workplace by Extraction and Optical Fluorescence Detection
D7296 Practice for Collection of Settled Dust Samples Using Dry Wipe Sampling Methods for Subsequent Determination of
Beryllium and Compounds
D7439 Test Method for Determination of Elements in Airborne Particulate Matter by Inductively Coupled Plasma–Mass
Spectrometry
D7440 Practice for Characterizing Uncertainty in Air Quality Measurements
D7822 Practice for Dermal Wipe Sampling for the Subsequent Determination of Metals and Metalloids
E1216 Practice for Sampling for Particulate Contamina
...
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