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ASTM D4856-23

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Determination of Sulfuric Acid Mist in Workplace Atmospheres Collected on Mixed Cellulose Ester Filters (Ion Chromatographic Analysis)

Standard Test Method for Determination of Sulfuric Acid Mist in Workplace Atmospheres Collected on Mixed Cellulose Ester Filters (Ion Chromatographic Analysis)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Sulfuric acid is used in the manufacture of fertilizer, explosives, dyestuffs, other acids, parchment paper, glue, lead acid batteries, textiles, etc., and in the pickling of metals.  
5.2 This test method has been found to be satisfactory in the measurement of sulfuric acid for comparison with relevant occupational exposure limits.
Note 2: In some countries the occupational exposure limit value (OELV) for sulfuric acid is related to the thoracic aerosol fraction; in such cases it is recommended to use a sampler for the thoracic aerosol fraction (ISO 20581).6
SCOPE
1.1 This ion chromatographic test method describes the determination of sulfuric acid mist in air samples collected from workplace atmospheres on a mixed cellulose ester (MCE) filter.
Note 1: Other filter types such as quartz fiber, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) filters are also suitable.  
1.2 The lower detection limit of this test method is 0.001 mg/sample or 0.017 mg/m3 of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) mist in 60 L of air sampled at 1 L/min.  
1.3 This test method is subject to interference from soluble and partially soluble sulfate salts. Other sulfur-containing compounds can be oxidized to sulfate and also interfere.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 No detailed instrument operating instructions are provided because of differences among various makes and models of ion chromatography (IC) systems. Instead, the analyst shall follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer of the particular instrument, analytical column, and suppressors used.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Section 9.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-Aug-2023
ICS
13.040.30 - Workplace atmospheres
Technical Committee
D22 - Air Quality
Drafting Committee
D22.04 - Workplace Air Quality
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D4856-11(2016) - Standard Test Method for Determination of Sulfuric Acid Mist in Workplace Atmospheres Collected on Mixed Cellulose Ester Filters (Ion Chromatographic Analysis)
Effective Date
01-Sep-2023

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REDLINE ASTM D4856-23 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Sulfuric Acid Mist in Workplace Atmospheres Collected on Mixed Cellulose Ester Filters (Ion Chromatographic Analysis)REDLINE ASTM D4856-23 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Sulfuric Acid Mist in Workplace Atmospheres Collected on Mixed Cellulose Ester Filters (Ion Chromatographic Analysis)
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Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D4856 − 23
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Sulfuric Acid Mist in Workplace
Atmospheres Collected on Mixed Cellulose Ester Filters (Ion
1
Chromatographic Analysis)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4856; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1.1 This ion chromatographic test method describes the
determination of sulfuric acid mist in air samples collected
2. Referenced Documents
from workplace atmospheres on a mixed cellulose ester (MCE)
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
filter.
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
NOTE 1—Other filter types such as quartz fiber, polytetrafluoroethylene
D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of
(PTFE), and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) filters are also suitable.
Atmospheres
1.2 The lower detection limit of this test method is
D1914 Practice for Conversion Units and Factors Relating to
3
0.001 mg ⁄sample or 0.017 mg ⁄m of sulfuric acid (H SO )
2 4 Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
mist in 60 L of air sampled at 1 L/min.
D4327 Test Method for Anions in Water by Suppressed Ion
Chromatography
1.3 This test method is subject to interference from soluble
D4840 Guide for Sample Chain-of-Custody Procedures
and partially soluble sulfate salts. Other sulfur-containing
D5337 Practice for Setting and Verifying the Flow Rate of
compounds can be oxidized to sulfate and also interfere.
Personal Sampling Pumps
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
D8358 Guide for Assessment and Inclusion of Wall Deposits
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
in the Analysis of Single-Stage Samplers for Airborne
standard.
Particulate Matter
1.5 No detailed instrument operating instructions are pro-
E200 Practice for Preparation, Standardization, and Storage
vided because of differences among various makes and models
of Standard and Reagent Solutions for Chemical Analysis
of ion chromatography (IC) systems. Instead, the analyst shall
E288 Specification for Laboratory Glass Volumetric Flasks
follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer of the
E1154 Specification for Piston or Plunger Operated Volu-
particular instrument, analytical column, and suppressors used.
metric Apparatus and Operator Qualification
2.2 ISO and European Standards:
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3
ISO 648 Laboratory glassware — Single-volume pipettes
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
ISO 7708 Air quality — Particle size fraction definitions for
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3
health-related sampling
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
3
ISO 18158 Workplace air — Terminology
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
ISO 20581 Workplace air — General requirements for the
For specific precautionary statements, see Section 9.
performance of procedures for the measurement of chemi-
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
3
cal agents
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ISO 21438-1 Workplace atmospheres — Determination of
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
inorganic acids by ion chromatography — Part 1: Non-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
3
volatile acids (sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid)
1 2
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on Air For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Quality and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.04 on Workplace Air contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Quality. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2023. Published October 2023. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D4856 – 11 (2016). Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
DOI: 10.1520/D4856-23. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4856 − 23
NOTE 3—Some size-selective samplers are designed to collect the
EN 13205 Workplace exposure — As
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D4856 − 11 (Reapproved 2016) D4856 − 23
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Sulfuric Acid Mist in Workplace
Atmospheres Collected on Mixed Cellulose Ester Filters (Ion
1
Chromatographic Analysis)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4856; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This ion chromatographic test method describes the determination of sulfuric acid mist in air samples collected from
workplace atmospheres on a mixed cellulose ester (MCE) filter.
NOTE 1—Other filter types such as quartz fiber, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) filters are also suitable.
3
1.2 The lower detection limit of this test method is 0.0010.001 mg mg/sample or 0.017 ⁄sample or 0.017 mg mg/m⁄m of sulfuric
acid (H SO ) mist in 60 L 60 L of air sampled at 1 L/min.
2 4
1.3 This test method is subject to interference from soluble and partially soluble sulfate salts. Other sulfur-containing compounds
can be oxidized to sulfate and also interfere.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 No detailed instrument operating instructions are provided because of differences among various makes and models of ion
chromatography (IC) systems. Instead, the analyst shall follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer of the particular
instrument, analytical column, and suppressors used.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthsafety, health, and environmental practices and determine
the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Section 9.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on Air Quality and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.04 on Workplace Air Quality.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2016Sept. 1, 2023. Published October 2016October 2023. Originally approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 20112016 as
D4856 – 11.D4856 – 11 (2016). DOI: 10.1520/D4856-11R16.10.1520/D4856-23.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4856 − 23
D1914 Practice for Conversion Units and Factors Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
D4327 Test Method for Anions in Water by Suppressed Ion Chromatography
D4840 Guide for Sample Chain-of-Custody Procedures
D5337 Practice for Setting and Verifying the Flow Rate of Personal Sampling Pumps
D8358 Guide for Assessment and Inclusion of Wall Deposits in the Analysis of Single-Stage Samplers for Airborne Particulate
Matter
E200 Practice for Preparation, Standardization, and Storage of Standard and Reagent Solutions for Chemical Analysis
E288 Specification for Laboratory Glass Volumetric Flasks
E1154 Specification for Piston or Plunger Operated Volumetric Apparatus and Operator Qualification
2.2 ISO and European Standards:
3
ISO 648ISO 648 Laboratory glassware—One Mark glassware — Single-volume pipettes
3
ISO 7708 Air quality—Particlequality — Particle size fraction definitions for health-related sampling
3
ISO 1042ISO 18158 Laboratory glassware—One-mark volumetric flasksWorkplace air — Terminology
EN 482 ISO 20581 Workplace atmospheres—General air — General requirements for the performance of procedures for the
3
measurement of chemical agents
EN 1540ISO 21438-1
...

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Standard Guide for Strategies for Surface Sampling of Metals and Metalloids for Worker Protection

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide describes approaches which can be used to determine surface sampling strategies before any actual surface sampling occurs. The strategy selection process needs to consider a number of factors, including, but not limited to, purpose for sampling, fitness of the sampling strategy for that purpose, data quality objectives and how the data will be used, ability to execute the selected strategy, and ability of the analytical laboratory (fixed-site or in-field) to analyze the samples once they are collected.  
4.2 For the purposes of sampling, and for the materials sampled, surface sampling strategies are matters of choice. Workplace sampling may be performed for single or multiple purposes. Conflicts may arise when a single sampling strategy is expected to satisfy multiple purposes.  
4.2.1 Limitations of cost, space, power requirements, equipment, personnel, and analytical methods need to be considered to arrive at an optimum strategy for each purpose.  
4.2.2 A strategy intended to satisfy multiple purposes will typically be a compromise among several alternatives, and will typically not be optimal for any one purpose.  
4.2.3 The purpose or purposes for sampling should be explicitly stated before a sampling strategy is selected. Good practice, regulatory and legal requirements, cost of the sampling program, and the usefulness of the results may be markedly different for different purposes of sampling.  
4.3 This guide is intended for those who are preparing to evaluate a workplace environment by collecting samples of metals or metalloids on surfaces, or who wish to obtain an understanding of what information can be obtained by such sampling.  
4.4 This guide cannot take the place of sound professional judgment in development and execution of any sampling strategy. In most instances, a strategy based on a standard practice or method will need to be adjusted due to conditions encountered in the field. Documentation of any professional judgments appl...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides criteria to be used in defining strategies for sampling for metals and metalloids on surfaces for workplace health and safety monitoring or evaluation.  
1.2 Guidance provided by this standard is intended for sampling of metals and metalloids on surfaces for subsequent analysis using methods such as atomic spectrometry, mass spectrometry, X-ray fluorescence, or molecular fluorescence. Guidance for evaluation of data after sample analysis is included.  
1.3 Sampling for volatile organometallic species (for example, trimethyl tin) is not within the scope of this guide.  
1.4 Sampling to determine levels of metals or metalloids on the skin is not within the scope of this guide.  
1.5 Sampling for airborne particulate matter is not within the scope of this guide. Guide E1370 provides information on air sampling strategies.  
1.6 Where surface sampling is prescribed by law or regulation, this guide is not intended to take the place of any requirements that may be specified in such law or regulation.  
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM E1370-21(Guide)
Standard Guide for Air Sampling Strategies for Worker and Workplace Protection

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide describes standard approaches used to formulate air sampling strategies before actual air sampling occurs.  
4.2 For most workplace air sampling purposes, and for the majority of materials sampled, air sampling strategies are matters of choice. Air sampling in the workplace may be done for single or multiple purposes, such as health impact, hazard or risk assessment, compliance assessment, or investigation of complaints. Problems can arise when a single air sampling strategy is expected to satisfy multiple diverse purposes.  
4.2.1 Proper consideration of limitations of cost, space, power requirements, equipment, analytical methods, training and personnel result in a best available strategy for each purpose.  
4.2.2 A strategy designed to satisfy multiple purposes must be a compromise among several alternatives, and will not be optimum for any one purpose; however, the strategy should be appropriate for the intended purpose(s).  
4.2.3 The purpose or purposes for sampling should be explicitly stated before a sampling strategy is selected in order to ensure that the sampling strategy is appropriate for the intended use. Good sampling practice, legal requirements, cost of the sampling program, and the utility of the results may be markedly different for different intended sampling purposes.  
4.3 This guide is intended for use by those who are preparing to evaluate air quality in a work environment of a location by air sampling, or who wish to obtain an understanding of what information can be obtained by carrying out air sampling.  
4.4 This guide should not be used as a stand-alone document to evaluate any given airborne contaminant(s).  
4.5 This guide cannot take the place of sound professional judgment in development and execution of any sampling strategy. In most instances, a strategy based on a standard practice or method will need to be adjusted due to conditions encountered in the field. Documentation of any professional judgments appli...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide describes criteria to be used in defining air sampling strategies for workplace health and safety monitoring or evaluation. Sampling criteria such as duration, frequency, number, location, method, equipment, and timing are all considered.  
1.2 Where air sampling is prescribed by law or regulation, this guide is not intended to take the place of any requirements that may be specified in such law or regulation.  
1.3 Guidance for surface sampling strategies for metals and metalloids is provided in Guide D7659.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D7202-21(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Beryllium in the Workplace by Extraction and Optical Fluorescence Detection

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Exposure to beryllium can cause a potentially fatal disease, and occupational exposure limits for beryllium in air and on surfaces have been established to reduce exposure risks to potentially affected workers (4-7). Sampling and analytical methods for beryllium are needed in order to meet the challenges relating to exposure assessment and risk reduction. Sampling and analysis methods, such as the procedure described in this test method, are desired in order to facilitate on-site and fixed-site laboratory measurement of trace beryllium. Beryllium analysis results can then be used as a basis for exposure assessment and protection of human health.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is intended for use in the determination of beryllium by sampling workplace air and surface dust.  
1.2 This test method assumes that air and surface samples are collected using appropriate and applicable ASTM International standard practices for sampling of workplace air and surface dust. These samples are typically collected using air filter sampling, vacuum sampling or wiping techniques. See Guide E1370 for guidance on air sampling strategies, and Guide D7659 for guidance on selection of surface sampling techniques.  
1.3 Determination of beryllium in soil is not within the scope of this test method. See Test Method D7458 for determination of beryllium in soil samples.  
1.4 This test method includes a procedure for extraction (dissolution) of beryllium in weakly acidic medium (pH of 1 % aqueous ammonium bifluoride is 4.8), followed by field analysis of aliquots of the extract solution using a beryllium-specific-optically fluorescent dye.  
1.5 The procedure is suitable for on-site use in the field for occupational and environmental hygiene monitoring purposes. The method is also applicable for use in fixed-site laboratories.  
1.6 No detailed operating instructions are provided because of differences among various makes and models of suitable fluorometric instruments. Instead, the analyst shall follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer of the particular instrument. This test method does not address comparative accuracy of different devices or the precision between instruments of the same make and model.  
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.8 This test method contains notes that are explanatory and not part of mandatory requirements of the standard.  
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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