ASTM C131-01

Standard Test Method for Resistance to Degradation of Small-Size Coarse Aggregate by Abrasion and Impact in the Los Angeles Machine

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for testing sizes of coarse aggregate smaller than 37.5 mm (1½ in.) for resistance to degradation using the Los Angeles testing machine (Note 1).
Note 1—A procedure for testing coarse aggregate larger than 19.0 mm (3/4 in.) is covered in Test Method C 535.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Aug-2001
• ICS: 91.100.30 - Concrete and concrete products
• Technical Committee: C09 - Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
• Drafting Committee: C09.20 - Aggregates

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM C131-03 - Standard Test Method for Resistance to Degradation of Small-Size Coarse Aggregate by Abrasion and Impact in the Los Angeles Machine
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-2003
• Referred By: ASTM C637-20 - Standard Specification for Aggregates for Radiation-Shielding Concrete
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2001
• Referred By: ASTM F2747-19 - Standard Guide for Construction of Sand-based Rootzones for Golf Putting Greens and Tees
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2001
• Referred By: ASTM F2396-11(2019) - Standard Guide for Construction of High Performance Sand-Based Rootzones for Athletic Fields
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D7564/D7564M-16 - Standard Practice for Construction of Asphalt-Rubber Cape Seal
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D1241-15 - Standard Specification for Materials for Soil-Aggregate Subbase, Base, and Surface Courses (Withdrawn 2024)
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2001

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Please contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation:C131–01
Standard Test Method for
Resistance to Degradation of Small-Size Coarse Aggregate
by Abrasion and Impact in the Los Angeles Machine
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 131; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (ϵ) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 3. Terminology
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for testing sizes of 3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this test
coarse aggregate smaller than 37.5 mm (1 ⁄2 in.) for resistance method, refer to Terminology C 125C 125.
to degradation using the LosAngeles testing machine (Note 1).
4. Summary of Test Method
NOTE 1—Aprocedure for testing coarse aggregate larger than 19.0 mm
4.1 This test is a measure of degradation of mineral aggre-
( ⁄4 in.) is covered in Test Method C 535C 535.
gates of standard gradings resulting from a combination of
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
actions including abrasion or attrition, impact, and grinding in
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
a rotating steel drum containing a specified number of steel
only.
spheres, the number depending upon the grading of the test
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
sample. As the drum rotates, a shelf plate picks up the sample
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
and the steel spheres, carrying them around until they are
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
dropped to the opposite side of the drum, creating an impact-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
crushing effect. The contents then roll within the drum with an
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
abrading and grinding action until the shelf plate picks up the
sample and the steel spheres, and the cycle is repeated. After
2. Referenced Documents
the prescribed number of revolutions, the contents are removed
2.1 ASTM Standards:
from the drum and the aggregate portion is sieved to measure
C 125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete
the degradation as percent loss.
Aggregates
C 136 Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse
5. Significance and Use
Aggregates
5.1 This test has been widely used as an indicator of the
C 535 Test Method for Resistance to Degradation of Large-
relative quality or competence of various sources of aggregate
Size CoarseAggregate byAbrasion and Impact in the Los
having similar mineral compositions. The results do not
Angeles Machine
automatically permit valid comparisons to be made between
C 670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements
sources distinctly different in origin, composition, or structure.
for Test Methods for Construction Materials
Assign specification limits with extreme care in consideration
C 702 Practice for Reducing Samples of Aggregate to
of available aggregate types and their performance history in
Testing Size
specific end uses.
D75 Practice for Sampling Aggregates
E11 Specification for Wire-Cloth and Sieves for Testing
6. Apparatus
Purposes
6.1 Los Angeles Machine—A Los Angeles machine, con-
forming in all essential characteristics to the design shown in
Fig. 1, shall be used. The machine shall consist of a hollow
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on
steel cylinder, closed at both ends, conforming to the dimen-
Concrete and ConcreteAggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
sions shown in Fig. 1, having an inside diameter of 7116 5
C09.20 on Normal Weight Aggregates.
Current edition approved Aug. 10, 2001. Published October 2001. Originally
mm (286 0.2 in.), and an inside length of 50865mm(206
published as C 131 – 37 T. Last previous edition C 131 – 96.
0.2 in.). The cylinder shall be mounted on stub shafts attached
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02.
3 to the ends of the cylinder but not entering it, and shall be
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.03.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02. mounted in such a manner that it may be rotated with the axis
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Please contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
C131–01
Inch Equivalents
mm 6.4 12.7 25.4 89 102 152 190 508 711 1270
1 1 1 1
in. ⁄4 ⁄2 1 3 ⁄2 4 6 7 ⁄2 20 28 50
FIG. 1 Los Angeles Testing Machine
NOTE 2—The use of a shelf of wear-resistant steel, rectangular in cross
in a horizontal position within a tolerance in slope of 1 in 100.
section and mounted independently of the cover, is preferred. However, a
An opening in the cylinder shall be provided for the introduc-
shelf consisting of a section of rolled angle, properly mounted on the
tion of the test sample. A suitable, dust-tight cover shall be
inside of the cover plate, may be used provided the direction of rotation is
provided for the opening with means for bolting the cover in
such that the charge will be caught on the outside face of the angle.
place. The cover shall be so designed as to maintain the
6.1.1 The machine shall be so driven and so counterbal-
cylindrical contour of the interior surface unless the shelf is so
anced as to maintain a substantially uniform peripheral speed
located that the charge will not fall on the cover, or come in
(Note 3). If an angle is used as the shelf, the direction of
contact with it during the test. A removable steel shelf
rotation shall be such that the charge is caught on the outside
extending the full length of the cylinder and projecting inward
surface of the angle.
896 2 mm (3.56 0.1 in.) shall be mounted on the interior
cylindrical surface of the cylinder, in such a way that a plane NOTE 3—Back-lash or slip in the driving mechanism is very likely to
furnish test results which are not duplicated by other Los Angeles
centered between the large faces coincides with an axial plane.
machines producing constant peripheral speed.
The shelf shall be of such thickness and so mounted, by bolts
6.2 Sieves, conforming to Specification E 11E11.
or other suitable means, as to be firm and rigid.The position of
6.3 Balance—A balance or scale accurate within 0.1 % of
the shelf (Note 2) shall be such that the sample and the steel
test load over the range required for this test.
spheres shall not impact on or near the opening and its cover,
6.4 Charge—The charge shall consist of steel spheres aver-
and that the distance from the shelf to the opening, measured
aging approximately 46.8 mm (1 ⁄32 in.) in diameter and each
along the outside circumference of the cylinder in the direction
having a mass of between 390 and 445 g.
of rotation, shall be not less than 1270 mm (50 in.). Inspect the
6.4.1 The charge, (Note 4) depending upon the grading of
shelf periodically to determine that it is not bent either
the test sample as described in Section 8, shall be as follows:
lengthwiseorfromitsnormalradialpositionwithrespecttothe
cylinder. If either condition is found, repair or replace the shelf Number of Mass of
Grading Spheres Charge, g
before further tests are conducted.
NOTICE: This standard has either
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