ASTM D5026-06(2014)e1

Standard Test Method for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties: In Tension

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method provides a simple means of characterizing the thermomechanical behavior of plastic materials using very small amounts of material. The data obtained may be used for quality control, research and development, as well as the establishment of optimum processing conditions.  
5.2 Dynamic mechanical testing provides a sensitive method for determining thermomechanical characteristics by measuring the elastic and loss moduli as a function of frequency, temperature, or time. Plots of moduli and tan delta of a material versus these variables can be used to provide graphical representation indicative of functional properties, effectiveness of cure (thermosetting resin system), and damping behavior under specified conditions.  
5.3 This test method can be used to assess:  
5.3.1 Modulus as a function of temperature,  
5.3.2 Modulus as a function of frequency,  
5.3.3 The effects of processing treatment, including orientation,  
5.3.4 Relative resin behavioral properties, including cure and damping,  
5.3.5 The effects of substrate types and orientation (fabrication) on elastic modulus, and  
5.3.6 The effects of formulation additives which might affect processability or performance.  
5.4 Before proceeding with this test method, reference should be made to the specification of the material being tested. Any test specimen preparation, conditioning, dimensions, or testing parameters, or combination thereof, covered in the relevant ASTM materials specification shall take precedence over those mentioned in this test method. If there are no relevant ASTM material specifications, then the default conditions apply.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method outlines the use of dynamic mechanical instrumentation for gathering and reporting the viscoelastic properties of thermoplastic and thermosetting resins and composite systems in the form of rectangular specimens molded directly or cut from sheets, plates, or molded shapes. The tensile data generated may be used to identify the thermomechanical properties of a plastic material or composition using a variety of dynamic mechanical instruments.  
1.2 This test method is intended to provide a means for determining viscoelastic properties of a wide variety of plastic materials using nonresonant forced-vibration techniques, in accordance with Practice D4065. Plots of the elastic (storage) modulus; loss (viscous) modulus; complex modulus and tan delta as a function of frequency, time, or temperature are indicative of significant transitions in the thermomechanical performance of the polymeric material system.  
1.3 This test method is valid for a wide range of frequencies, typically from 0.01 to 100 Hz.  
1.4 Apparent discrepancies may arise in results obtained under differing experimental conditions. These apparent differences from results observed in another study can usually be reconciled, without changing the observed data, by reporting in full (as described in this test method) the conditions under which the data were obtained.  
1.5 Due to possible instrumentation compliance, the data generated are intended to indicate relative and not necessarily absolute property values.  
1.6 Test data obtained by this test method are relevant and appropriate for use in engineering design.  
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: This test method is technically equivalent to ISO 6721, Part 4.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Aug-2006
• ICS: 83.080.01 - Plastics in general
• Technical Committee: D20 - Plastics
• Drafting Committee: D20.10 - Mechanical Properties

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D5026-06 - Standard Test Method for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties: In Tension
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2006
• Replaced By: ASTM D5026-15 - Standard Test Method for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties: In Tension
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2015
• Referred By: ASTM D6382/D6382M-99(2022) - Standard Practice for Dynamic Mechanical Analysis and Thermogravimetry of Roofing and Waterproofing Membrane Material
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2006
• Referred By: ASTM D4065-20 - Standard Practice for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties: Determination and Report of Procedures
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2006

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
´1
Designation: D5026 − 06(Reapproved 2014)
Standard Test Method for
Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties: In Tension
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5026; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
ε NOTE—Reapproved with an editorial change made to 10.1 in October 2014.
1. Scope* 1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1.1 Thistestmethodoutlinestheuseofdynamicmechanical
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
instrumentation for gathering and reporting the viscoelastic
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
properties of thermoplastic and thermosetting resins and com-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
posite systems in the form of rectangular specimens molded
directly or cut from sheets, plates, or molded shapes. The NOTE1—ThistestmethodistechnicallyequivalenttoISO 6721,Part4.
tensile data generated may be used to identify the thermome-
2. Referenced Documents
chanical properties of a plastic material or composition using a
variety of dynamic mechanical instruments.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
1.2 This test method is intended to provide a means for
D4000 Classification System for Specifying Plastic Materi-
determining viscoelastic properties of a wide variety of plastic
als
materials using nonresonant forced-vibration techniques, in
D4065 Practice for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Proper-
accordance with Practice D4065. Plots of the elastic (storage)
ties: Determination and Report of Procedures
modulus; loss (viscous) modulus; complex modulus and tan
D4092 Terminology for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical
delta as a function of frequency, time, or temperature are
Properties
indicative of significant transitions in the thermomechanical
IEEE/ASTM SI-10 Practice for Use of the International
performance of the polymeric material system.
System of Units (SI) (the Modernized Metric System)
1.3 Thistestmethodisvalidforawiderangeoffrequencies, 3
2.2 ISO Standard:
typically from 0.01 to 100 Hz.
ISO 6721, Part 4 Plastics—Determination of Dynamic Me-
chanical Properties, Part 4: Tensile Vibration—Non-
1.4 Apparent discrepancies may arise in results obtained
Resonance Method
under differing experimental conditions. These apparent differ-
ences from results observed in another study can usually be
3. Terminology
reconciled,withoutchangingtheobserveddata,byreportingin
full (as described in this test method) the conditions under
3.1 Definitions—For definitions applicable to this test
which the data were obtained.
method refer to Terminology D4092.
1.5 Due to possible instrumentation compliance, the data
4. Summary of Test Method
generated are intended to indicate relative and not necessarily
4.1 This test method covers the determination of the vis-
absolute property values.
coelastic properties of a plastic material using dynamic me-
1.6 Test data obtained by this test method are relevant and
chanical techniques in tension. A test specimen of rectangular
appropriate for use in engineering design.
cross section is tested in dynamic tension. The specimen is
gripped longitudinally between two clamps. The specimen is
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
placed in mechanical linear tensile displacement at fixed
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
frequencies and at either isothermal conditions or with a linear
only.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 on Plastics contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.10 on Mechanical Properties. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2014. Published October 2014. Originally the ASTM website.
approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D5026 - 06. DOI: Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
10.1520/D5026-06R14. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
´1
D5026 − 06 (2014)
temperature variation. The elastic moduli or loss moduli, or 7.2.3 Grips—Grips for holding the test specimen between
both,ofthepolymericmaterialsystemaremeasuredintension. the fixed member and the movable member. The grips shall be
mechanicallyaligned,thatis,theyshallbeattachedtothefixed
NOTE 2—The particular method for measurement of the elastic and loss
and movable member, respectively, in such a manner that they
moduli and tan delta depends upon the individual instrument’s operating
will move freely into alignment as soon as any load is applied,
principles.
so that the long axis of the test specimen will coincide with the
5. Significance and Use
direction of the applied pull through the center line of the grip
assembly.
5.1 This test method provides a simple means of character-
7.2.3.1 The test specimen shall be held in such a way that
izing the thermomechanical behavior of plastic materials using
slippage relative to the grips is prevented as much as possible.
verysmallamountsofmaterial.Thedataobtainedmaybeused
7.2.4 Linear Deformation (Strain) Device—A device for
for quality control, research and development, as well as the
applying a continuous linear deformation (strain) to the speci-
establishment of optimum processing conditions.
men. In the force-displacement device the deformation (strain)
5.2 Dynamic mechanical testing provides a sensitive
is applied and then released (see Table 1 of Practice D4065).
method for determining thermomechanical characteristics by
7.2.5 Detectors—A device or devices for determining de-
measuring the elastic and loss moduli as a function of
pendent and independent experimental parameters, such as
frequency, temperature, or time. Plots of moduli and tan delta
force(stress),deformation(strain),frequency,andtemperature.
of a material versus these variables can be used to provide
Temperature should be measurable with a precision of 61°C,
graphical representation indicative of functional properties,
frequency to 61 %, strain to 61 %, and force to 61%.
effectiveness of cure (thermosetting resin system), and damp-
7.2.6 Temperature Controller and Oven—A device for con-
ing behavior under specified conditions.
trolling the temperature, either by heating (in steps or ramps),
5.3 This test method can be used to assess:
cooling (in steps or ramps) or maintaining a constant specimen
5.3.1 Modulus as a function of temperature,
environment, or a combination thereof.Atemperature control-
5.3.2 Modulus as a function of freque
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: D5026 − 06 D5026 − 06 (Reapproved 2014)
Standard Test Method for
Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties: In Tension
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5026; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
ε NOTE—Reapproved with an editorial change made to 10.1 in October 2014.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method outlines the use of dynamic mechanical instrumentation for gathering and reporting the viscoelastic
properties of thermoplastic and thermosetting resins and composite systems in the form of rectangular specimens molded directly
or cut from sheets, plates, or molded shapes. The tensile data generated may be used to identify the thermomechanical properties
of a plastic material or composition using a variety of dynamic mechanical instruments.
1.2 This test method is intended to provide a means for determining viscoelastic properties of a wide variety of plastic materials
using nonresonant forced-vibration techniques, in accordance with Practice D4065. Plots of the elastic (storage) modulus; loss
(viscous) modulus; complex modulus and tan delta as a function of frequency, time, or temperature are indicative of significant
transitions in the thermomechanical performance of the polymeric material system.
1.3 This test method is valid for a wide range of frequencies, typically from 0.01 to 100 Hz.
1.4 Apparent discrepancies may arise in results obtained under differing experimental conditions. These apparent differences
from results observed in another study can usually be reconciled, without changing the observed data, by reporting in full (as
described in this test method) the conditions under which the data were obtained.
1.5 Due to possible instrumentation compliance, the data generated are intended to indicate relative and not necessarily absolute
property values.
1.6 Test data obtained by this test method are relevant and appropriate for use in engineering design.
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in bracketsparentheses are for information
only.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
NOTE 1—This test method is technically equivalent to ISO 6721, Part 4.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
D4000 Classification System for Specifying Plastic Materials
D4065 Practice for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties: Determination and Report of Procedures
D4092 Terminology for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties
IEEE/ASTM SI-10 Practice for Use of the International System of Units (SI) (the Modernized Metric System)
2.2 ISO Standard:
ISO 6721, Part 4 Plastics—Determination of Dynamic Mechanical Properties, Part 4: Tensile Vibration—Non-Resonance
Method
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.10 on Mechanical Properties.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2006Oct. 1, 2014. Published September 2006October 2014. Originally approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 20012006
as D5026 - 01.D5026 - 06. DOI: 10.1520/D5026-06.10.1520/D5026-06R14.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
´1
D5026 − 06 (2014)
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions applicable to this test method refer to Terminology D4092.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 This test method covers the determination of the viscoelastic properties of a plastic material using dynamic mechanical
techniques in tension. A test specimen of rectangular cross section is tested in dynamic tension. The specimen is gripped
longitudinally between two clamps. The specimen is placed in mechanical linear tensile displacement at fixed frequencies and at
either isothermal conditions or with a linear temperature variation. The elastic moduli or loss moduli, or both, of the polymeric
material system are measured in tension.
NOTE 2—The particular method for measurement of the elastic and loss moduli and tan delta depends upon the individual instrument’s operating
principles.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test method provides a simple means of characterizing the thermomechanical behavior of plastic materials using very
small amounts of material. The data obtained may be used for quality control, research and development, as well as the
establishment of optimum processing conditions.
5.2 Dynamic mechanical testing provides a sensitive method for determining thermomechanical characteristics by measuring
the elastic and loss moduli as a function of frequency, temperature, or time. Plots of moduli and tan delta of a material versus these
variables can be used to provide graphical representation indicative of functional properties, effectiveness of cure (thermosetting
resin system), and damping behavior under specified conditions.
5.3 This test method can be used to assess:
5.3.1 Modulus as a function of temperature,
5.3.2 Modulus as a function of frequency,
5.3.3 The effects of processing treatment, including orientation,
5.3.4 Relative resin behavioral properties, including cure and damping,
5.3.5 The effects of substrate types and orientation (fabrication) on elastic modulus, and
5.3.6 The effects of formulation additives which might affect processability or performance.
5.4 Before proceeding with this test method, reference should be made to the specification of the material being tested. Any test
specimen preparation, conditioning, dimensions, or testing parameters, or combination thereof, covered in the relevant ASTM
materials specification shall take precedence over those mentioned in this test method. If there are no relevant ASTM material
specifications, then the default conditions apply.
6. Interferences
6.1 Since small test specimen geometries are used, it is essential that the specimens be representative of the polymeric material
being tested.
7. Apparatus
7.1 The function of the apparatus is to hold a rectangular test specimen of a polymeric material system so that the material acts
as the elastic and dissipative element in a mechanically driven linear displacement system. Dynamic mechanical instruments
described in this test method generally operate in a forced, constant amplitude, at a fixed frequency.
7.2 The apparatus shall consist
...