ASTM D3203/D3203M-11
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Percent Air Voids in Compacted Dense and Open Bituminous Paving Mixtures
Standard Test Method for Percent Air Voids in Compacted Dense and Open Bituminous Paving Mixtures
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The percent of air voids in a bituminous mixture is used as one of the criteria in the design methods and for evaluation of the compaction imparted in bituminous paving projects.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the percent air voids in compacted dense and open bituminous paving mixtures.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D3203/D3203M − 11
Standard Test Method for
Percent Air Voids in Compacted Dense and Open
1
Bituminous Paving Mixtures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3203/D3203M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Vacuum Sealing Method
1.1 This test method covers determination of the percent air
3. Terminology
voids in compacted dense and open bituminous paving mix-
tures.
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 air voids—the pockets of air between the bitumen-
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded
as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this coated aggregate particles in a compacted bituminous paving
standard. mixture.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.2 dense bituminous paving mixtures—bituminous pav-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
ing mixtures in which the air voids are less than 10 % when
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
compacted.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.1.3 open bituminous paving mixtures—bituminous paving
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
mixtures in which the air voids are 10 % or more when
compacted.
2. Referenced Documents
2
3.1.3.1 Discussion—Forborderlinecases,abituminouspav-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
ing mixture shall be designated an open bituminous paving
D1188 TestMethodforBulkSpecificGravityandDensityof
mixture if the calculated percent air voids, based on either 6.1
Compacted Bituminous Mixtures Using Coated Samples
or 6.2, is 10 % or more.
D2041 Test Method for Theoretical Maximum Specific
Gravity and Density of Bituminous Paving Mixtures
4. Significance and Use
D2726 Test Method for Bulk Specific Gravity and Density
of Non-Absorptive Compacted Bituminous Mixtures
4.1 The percent of air voids in a bituminous mixture is used
D3549 Test Method for Thickness or Height of Compacted
as one of the criteria in the design methods and for evaluation
Bituminous Paving Mixture Specimens
of the compaction imparted in bituminous paving projects.
D3666 Specification for Minimum Requirements for Agen-
cies Testing and Inspecting Road and Paving Materials
NOTE 1—The text of this test method references notes and footnotes
which provide explanatory material.These notes and footnotes (excluding
D4460 Practice for Calculating Precision Limits Where
those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the
Values are Calculated from Other Test Methods
test method.
D6752 Test Method for Bulk Specific Gravity and Density
NOTE 2—The quality of the results produced by this standard are
of Compacted Bituminous Mixtures Using Automatic
dependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedure
Vacuum Sealing Method
and the capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used.
D6857 Test Method for Maximum Specific Gravity and
Agencies that meet the criteria of Standard Practice D3666 are generally
Density of Bituminous Paving Mixtures UsingAutomatic considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/
inspection/etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with
Practice D3666 alone does not completely assure reliable results. Reliable
1 results depend on many factors; following the suggestions of Practice
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road
D3666 or some similar acceptable guideline provides a means of
and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.21 on
Specific Gravity and Density of Bituminous Mixtures. evaluating and controlling some of those factors.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2011. Published December 2011. Originally
approved in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D3203 – 05. DOI:
5. Sampling
10.1520/D3203_D3203M-11.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
5.1 Samples for testing shall consist of specimens from
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
laboratory molded mixtures or cores from field compacted
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. mixtures.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3203/D3203M − 11
6. Procedure 7.2 Ifthepercentairvoidsofaspecimentestedaccordingto
6.1 equals or exceeds 10%, the specimen shall be retested
6.1 For dense bituminous paving mixtures, determine the
according to 6.2 as an open bi
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D3203–05 Designation:D3203/D3203M–11
Standard Test Method for
Percent Air Voids in Compacted Dense and Open
1
Bituminous Paving Mixtures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3203/D3203M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers determination of the percent air voids in compacted dense and open bituminous paving mixtures.
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1188 Test Method for Bulk Specific Gravity and Density of Compacted Bituminous Mixtures Using Coated Samples
D2041 Test Method for Theoretical Maximum Specific Gravity and Density of Bituminous Paving Mixtures
D2726 Test Method for Bulk Specific Gravity and Density of Non-Absorptive Compacted Bituminous Mixtures
D3549 Test Method for Thickness or Height of Compacted Bituminous Paving Mixture Specimens
D3666 Specification for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Testing and Inspecting Road and Paving Materials
D4460 Practice for Calculating Precision Limits Where Values are Calculated from Other Test Methods
D6752 Test Method for Bulk Specific Gravity and Density of Compacted Bituminous Mixtures Using Automatic Vacuum
Sealing Method
D6857 Test Method for Maximum Specific Gravity and Density of Bituminous Paving Mixtures Using Automatic Vacuum
Sealing Method
E12Terminology Relating to Density and Specific Gravity of Solids, Liquids, and Gases Test Method for Maximum Specific
Gravity and Density of Bituminous Paving Mixtures Using Automatic Vacuum Sealing Method
3. Terminology
3.1The terms specific gravity and density used in this test method are in accordance with Terminology E12.
3.2
3.1 Definitions:
3.2.1
3.1.1 air voids—the pockets of air between the bitumen-coated aggregate particles in a compacted bituminous paving mixture.
3.2.2
3.1.2 dense bituminous paving mixtures—bituminous paving mixtures in which the air voids are less than 10 % when
compacted.
3.2.3
3.1.3 open bituminous paving mixtures—bituminous paving mixtures in which the air voids are 10 % or more when compacted.
3.2.3.1
3.1.3.1 Discussion—For borderline cases, a bituminous paving mixture shall be designated an open bituminous paving mixture
if the calculated percent air voids, based on either 6.1 or 6.2, is 10 % or more.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D04 on Road and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.21 on Specific
Gravity and Density of Bituminous Mixtures.
Current edition approved June 1, 2005. Published July 2005. Originally approved in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as D3203–94 (2000). DOI:
10.1520/D3203-05.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2011. Published December 2011. Originally approved in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D3203 – 05. DOI:
10.1520/D3203_D3203M-11.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3203/D3203M–11
4. Significance and Use
4.1 The percent of air voids in a bituminous mixture is used as one of the criteria in the design methods and for evaluation of
the compaction imparted in bituminous paving projects.
NOTE 1—The text of this test method references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those
in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the test method.
NOTE 2—The quality of the results produced by this standard are dependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedure and the
capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used. Agencies
...
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