ASTM D5800-18a
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Evaporation Loss of Lubricating Oils by the Noack Method
Standard Test Method for Evaporation Loss of Lubricating Oils by the Noack Method
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The evaporation loss is of particular importance in engine lubrication. Where high temperatures occur, portions of an oil can evaporate.
5.2 Evaporation may contribute to oil consumption in an engine and can lead to a change in the properties of an oil.
5.3 Many engine manufacturers specify a maximum allowable evaporation loss.
5.4 Some engine manufacturers, when specifying a maximum allowable evaporation loss, quote this test method along with the specifications.
5.5 Procedure C, using the Selby-Noack apparatus, also permits collection of the volatile oil vapors for determination of their physical and chemical properties. Elemental analysis of the collected volatiles may be helpful in identifying components such as phosphorous, which has been linked to premature degradation of the emission system catalyst.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers four procedures for determining the evaporation loss of lubricating oils (particularly engine oils). Procedure A uses the Noack evaporative tester equipment; Procedure B uses the automated non-Woods metal Noack evaporative apparatus; Procedure C uses Selby-Noack volatility test equipment, and Procedure D uses the Noack S2 test equipment. The test method relates to one set of operating conditions but may be readily adapted to other conditions when required.
1.2 Noack results determined using Procedures A and C provide equivalent results and Procedures B and D provide equivalent results. However, A/C compared to B/D show consistent differences. Procedure A/C give slightly lower results versus Procedure B/D on formulated engine oils, while Procedure A/C give higher results versus Procedure B/D on basestocks.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Designation: D5800 − 18a
Standard Test Method for
1
Evaporation Loss of Lubricating Oils by the Noack Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5800; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 Thistestmethodcoversfourproceduresfordetermining 2.1 ASTM Standards:
the evaporation loss of lubricating oils (particularly engine D4057Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
oils). Procedure A uses the Noack evaporative tester equip- Petroleum Products
ment; Procedure B uses the automated non-Woods metal D4177Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
Noack evaporative apparatus; Procedure C uses Selby-Noack Petroleum Products
volatility test equipment, and Procedure D uses the Noack S2 D6299Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance
test equipment. The test method relates to one set of operating and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical
conditionsbutmaybereadilyadaptedtootherconditionswhen Measurement System Performance
required. D6300Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias
Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and
1.2 Noack results determined using Procedures A and C
Lubricants
provide equivalent results and Procedures B and D provide
3
2.2 DIN Standards:
equivalent results. However, A/C compared to B/D show
DIN 1725Specification for Aluminum Alloys
consistent differences. Procedure A/C give slightly lower
DIN 12785Specifications for Glass Thermometers
results versus Procedure B/D on formulated engine oils, while
Procedure A/C give higher results versus Procedure B/D on
3. Terminology
basestocks.
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3.1.1 evaporation loss—of a lubricating oil by the Noack
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
method, that mass of volatile oil vapors lost when the oil is
standard.
heatedinatestcruciblethroughwhichaconstantflowofairis
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
drawn.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.2 volatility, n—the tendency of a liquid to form a vapor.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
4. Summary of Test Method
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.1 A measured quantity of sample is placed in an evapo-
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
ration crucible or reaction flask that is then heated to 250°C
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
with a constant flow of air drawn through it for 60min. The
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
loss in mass of the oil is determined.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
4.2 Interlaboratory tests have shown that Procedure A,
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Procedure B, and Procedure C yield essentially equivalent
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1 2
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Subcommittee D02.06 on Analysis of Liquid Fuels and Lubricants. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved June 15, 2018. Published August 2018. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as D5800–18. DOI: Available from Deutsches Institut für Normung e.V.(DIN), Am DIN-Platz,
10.1520/D5800-18A. Burggrafenstrasse 6, 10787 Berlin, Germany, http://www.din.de.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5800 − 18a
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results, with a correlation coefficient of R = 0.996. See the thermometer should be calibrated with appropriate procedure
research report for the Selby-Noack interlaboratory study. at appropriate frequency (generally every six months).
6.7 Contact-Type Control Thermometer (for manual).
5. Significance and Use
6.8 Glass Y-piece, an internal diameter of 4mm. The
5.1 The evaporation loss is of particular importance in
uprightarms,each45mmlong,shouldformananglesuchthat
engine lubrication.Where high temperatures occur,
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5800 − 18 D5800 − 18a
Standard Test Method for
1
Evaporation Loss of Lubricating Oils by the Noack Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5800; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers four procedures for determining the evaporation loss of lubricating oils (particularly engine oils).
Procedure A uses the Noack evaporative tester equipment; Procedure B uses the automated non-Woods metal Noack evaporative
apparatus; Procedure C uses Selby-Noack volatility test equipment, and Procedure D uses the Noack S2 test equipment. The test
method relates to one set of operating conditions but may be readily adapted to other conditions when required.
1.2 Noack results determined using Procedures A and C provide equivalent results and Procedures B and D provide equivalent
results. However, A/C compared to B/D show consistent differences. Procedure A/C give slightly lower results versus Procedure
B/D on formulated engine oils, while Procedure A/C give higher results versus Procedure B/D on basestocks.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measure-
ment System Performance
D6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and Lubricants
3
2.2 DIN Standards:
DIN 1725 Specification for Aluminum Alloys
DIN 12785 Specifications for Glass Thermometers
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 evaporation loss—of a lubricating oil by the Noack method, that mass of volatile oil vapors lost when the oil is heated
in a test crucible through which a constant flow of air is drawn.
3.1.2 volatility, n—the tendency of a liquid to form a vapor.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A measured quantity of sample is placed in an evaporation crucible or reaction flask that is then heated to 250 °C with a
constant flow of air drawn through it for 60 min. The loss in mass of the oil is determined.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.06 on Analysis of Liquid Fuels and Lubricants.
Current edition approved May 1, 2018June 15, 2018. Published June 2018August 2018. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 20152018 as
D5800 – 15a.D5800 – 18. DOI: 10.1520/D5800-18.10.1520/D5800-18A.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from Deutsches Institut für Normung e.V.(DIN), Am DIN-Platz, Burggrafenstrasse 6, 10787 Berlin, Germany, http://www.din.de.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5800 − 18a
4.2 Interlaboratory tests have shown that Procedure A, Procedure B, and Procedure C yield essentially equivalent results, with
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a correlation coefficient of R = 0.996. See the research report for the Selby-Noack interlaboratory study.
5. Significance and Use
5.1
...
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