ASTM D5390-93(1997)

Standard Test Method for Open Channel Flow Measurement of Water with Palmer-Bowlus Flumes

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers measurement of the volumetric flowrate of water and wastewater in sewers and other open channels with Palmer-Bowlus flumes.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Dec-1997
• Technical Committee: D19 - Water
• Drafting Committee: D19.07 - Sediments, Geomorphology, and Open-Channel Flow

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM D5390-93(2002) - Standard Test Method for Open-Channel Flow Measurement of Water with Palmer-Bowlus Flumes
• Effective Date: 15-Apr-1993

Standards Content (Sample)

Designation: D 5390 – 93 (Reapproved 1997)
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS
100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. Copyright ASTM
Standard Test Method for
Open-Channel Flow Measurement of Water with Palmer-
1
Bowlus Flumes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5390; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope method refer to Terminology D 1129.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.1 This test method covers measurement of the volumetric
3.2.1 boundary layer displacement thickness—the boundary
flowrate of water and wastewater in sewers and other open
layer is a layer of fluid flow adjacent to a solid surface (in this
channels with Palmer-Bowlus flumes.
case, the flume throat) in which, owing to viscous friction, the
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
velocity increases from zero at the stationary surface to an
as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for
essentially frictionless-flow value at the edge of the layer. The
information only.
displacement thickness is a distance normal to the solid surface
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
that the surface and flow streamlines can be considered to have
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
been displaced by virtue of the boundary-layer formation.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.2.2 critical flow—open channel flow in which the energy
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
expressed in terms of depth plus velocity head, is a minimum
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
for a given flowrate and channel. The Froude number is unity
2. Referenced Documents
at critical flow.
3.2.3 Froude number—a dimensionless number expressing
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2
the ratio of inertial to gravity forces in free-surface flow. It is
D 1129 Terminology Relating to Water
equal to the average velocity divided by the square root of the
D 1941 Test Method for Open Channel Flow Measurement
2
product of the average depth and the acceleration due to
of Water with the Parshall Flume
gravity.
D 2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of
2
3.2.4 head—the depth of flow referenced to the floor of the
Applicable Methods of Committee D-19 on Water
throat measured at an appropriate location upstream of the
D 3858 Test Method for Open-Channel Flow Measurement
2
flume; this depth plus the velocity head is often termed the total
of Water by Velocity-Area Methods
head or total energy head.
D 5242 Test Method for Open Channel Flow Measurement
2
3.2.5 hydraulic jump—an abrupt transition from supercriti-
of Water with Thin-Plate Weirs
cal flow to subcritical or tranquil flow, accompanied by
2.2 ISO Standards:
considerable turbulence or gravity waves, or both.
ISO 4359 Liquid Flow Measurement in Open Channels—
3
3.2.6 long-throated flume—a flume in which the prismatic
Rectangular, Trapezoidal and U-Shaped Flumes
throat is long enough relative to the head for essentially critical
ISO 555 Liquid Flow Measurements in Open Channels—
flow to develop on the crest.
Dilution Methods for Measurement of Steady Flow—
3
3.2.7 primary instrument—the device (in this case the
Constant Rate Injection Method
flume) that creates a hydrodynamic condition that can be
2.3 ASME Standard:
4
sensed by the secondary instrument.
Fluid Meters— Their Theory and Application
3.2.8 Reynolds number—a dimensionless number express-
3. Terminology
ing the ratio of inertial to viscous forces in a flow. In a flume
throat the pertinent Reynolds number is equal to the (critical)
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this test
throat velocity multiplied by the throat length and divided by
the kinematic viscosity of the water.
1
3.2.9 scow float—an in-stream float for depth sensing,
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-19 on Water
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.07 on Sediments, Geomor-
usually mounted on a hinged cantilever.
phology, and Open-Channel Flow.
3.2.10 secondary instrument—in this case, a device that
Current edition approved April 15, 1993. Published June 1993.
2
measures the depth of flow (referenced to the throat elevation)
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01.
3
Available from American National Standards Institute, 11 West 42nd Street,
at an appropriate location upstream of the flume. The second-
13th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
ary instrument may also convert this measured head to an
4
Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 345 E. 47th Street,
indicated flowrate, or could totalize flowrate.
New York, NY 10017.
1

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