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ASTM C224-78(2004)e1

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Sampling Glass Containers

Standard Practice for Sampling Glass Containers

ABSTRACT
This practice covers the standard for sampling of glass bottles, jars, and other containers intended for use in testing mechanical strength, dimensions, and other measurable characteristics. Sampling from a continuous manufacturing process shall be in accordance with a time schedule. When testing for annealing affected characteristics, samples shall be taken from the exit of the lehr (or from packed cases whose continuity in point of time is known). For characteristics not affected by the degree of annealing, quickly cooled samples may be taken ahead of the lehr. Sample may come from the lot as a whole or it may be necessary to sort the lot before sampling. Sorting may be based on style, color, size, manufacturer, or mold designation. Containers packed in cases shall be removed from the lot at random. The minimum number of cases to be selected shall be in accordance with the military standard prescribed herein.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the sampling of glass containers (for example, bottles, jars, and so forth) for performing such tests as mechanical strength, dimensions, and other measurable characteristics, and for visual examination.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Mar-2004
ICS
81.040.30 - Glass products
Technical Committee
C14 - Glass and Glass Products
Drafting Committee
C14.07 - Glass Containers
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM C224-78(1999) - Standard Practice for Sampling Glass Containers
Effective Date
01-Apr-2004
Replaced By
ASTM C224-78(2009) - Standard Practice for Sampling Glass Containers
Effective Date
01-May-2009
Referred By
ASTM C735-04(2019) - Standard Test Method for Acid Resistance of Ceramic Decorations on Returnable Beer and Beverage Glass Containers
Effective Date
01-Apr-2004
Referred By
ASTM C148-17(2022) - Standard Test Methods for Polariscopic Examination of Glass Containers
Effective Date
01-Apr-2004
Referred By
ASTM F2179-20 - Standard Specification for Annealed Soda-Lime-Silicate Glass Containers That Are Produced for Use as Candle Containers
Effective Date
01-Apr-2004
Referred By
ASTM C149-14(2020) - Standard Test Method for Thermal Shock Resistance of Glass Containers
Effective Date
01-Apr-2004
Referred By
ASTM C777-04(2019) - Standard Test Method for Sulfide Resistance of Ceramic Decorations on Glass
Effective Date
01-Apr-2004
Referred By
ASTM C147-86(2020) - Standard Test Methods for Internal Pressure Strength of Glass Containers
Effective Date
01-Apr-2004

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ASTM C224-78(2004)e1 - Standard Practice for Sampling Glass Containers
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
e1
Designation:C224–78 (Reapproved2004)
Standard Practice for
Sampling Glass Containers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 224; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
e NOTE—The designation of the MIL-STD was editorially corrected in May 2004.
1. Scope istic is the mold or mold cavity (as distinguished from the
furnace, feeder, or lehr), namely, capacity, dimensions.
1.1 This practice covers the sampling of glass containers
(for example, bottles, jars, and so forth) for performing such
4. Number of Specimens
tests as mechanical strength, dimensions, and other measurable
4.1 Unless otherwise specified, the minimum number of
characteristics, and for visual examination.
specimens for the various classifications of Section 3 is given
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
in Table 1.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5. Procedure
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
5.1 Continuous Process—Sampling from a continuous
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
manufacturing process shall be in accordance with a time
schedule. For those characteristics affected by the degree of
2. Referenced Documents
annealing, take the samples from the exit of the lehr (or from
2.1 ASTM Standards:
packed cases whose continuity in point of time is known). For
C 147 Test Methods for Internal Pressure Strength of Glass
those characteristics not affected by the degree of annealing,
Containers
quickly cooled samples may be taken ahead of the lehr.
C 149 Test Method for Thermal Shock Resistance of Glass
5.2 Lot—Select the sample from a lot by a procedure
Containers
consistent with the purpose of the sample. For some purposes,
2.2 Military Standard:
the sample may come from the lot as a whole; for other
MIL-STD 105 E Sampling Procedures and Tables for In-
3 purposes, it may be necessary to sort the lot before sampling.
spection by Attributes
Such sorting may be for the purpose of segregating lots based
3. Classification on style, color, size, manufacturer, or mold designation, as
examples. Take the specimens composing the sample accord-
3.1 For sampling purposes the pertinent characteristics of
ing to the principles of random sampling; for instance, do not
glass containers are classified as follows:
take all the specimens from the same side or location of the lot.
3.1.1 Grade of annealing (relative annealing stress).
Ifthecontainersarepackedincases,removethecasesfromthe
3.1.2 Hydrostatic pressure.
lot at random. Take specimens for evaluation, in turn, at
3.1.3 Thermal shock strength.
random from these cases. The minimum number of cases to be
3.1.4 Visible characteristics readily graded or judged by
selected shall be determined in accordance with MIL-STD
visual examination, namely, deformities.
105 E (see 5.2.1) or that number required to provide the
3.1.5 Mold characteristics of a structural character (as
number of individual containers to be evaluated (see 5.2.2),
distinguished from appearance) where the component part or
whichever quantity represents the larger number of cases. If
unit of the manufacturing process that controls the character-
more than one independent evaluation can be performed on the
same container, no additional sample is required for the
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C14 on Glass and
multiple evaluation.
Glass Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C14.07 on Glass
5.2.1 Minimum Number of Cases Determined in Accor-
Containers.
dance with MIL-STD—Determine the number of cases in the
Current edition approved April 1, 2004. Published May 2004. Originally
approved in 1953. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as C 224 – 78 (1999).
lot and use this number as “lot size” for Table 1 of MIL-STD
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
105 E. Find the corresponding sample size code letter (nor-
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
mally Column II) of Table 1. Using the first and second
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
columns of Table II-A, find the sample size corresponding to
the ASTM website.
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700
this code letter. This sample size will designate the number of
Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
e1
C224–78 (2004)
TABLE 1 Minimum Number of Specimens for Sample
Classification (Test or Examination to be Made Continuous Production (Lehr) Lot, Minimum Number
on Specimen) of Containers
Minimum Number Time Schedule
A
Annealing 3 3 h or less 20
B C
Internal pressure 1 round 3 h or less 50
B D C
Thermal shock 1 round variable 50
E EF
Visible characteristics not applicable not applicable
G H
Dimensional characteristics 1 round variable 50
A
The three containers shall represent both sides and center of lehr.
B
A
...

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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
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SCOPE
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Sections  
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SCOPE
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SCOPE
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4.1 This test system has advantages in certain respects over the use of static loading systems in the measurement of glass and glass-ceramics:  
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SCOPE
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Standard Test Method for Thermal Shock Resistance of Glass Containers

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This test method covers the determination of the relative thermal shock resistance of commercial bottles and jars and is intended to apply to all types of glass containers that are required to withstand sudden changes in temperature in service. The test apparatus consists essentially of a basket for holding the glassware upright, a hot water tank, a cold water tank, and a timed means for immersing and transferring the basket from the hot to the cold bath. Indicating controllers or dial thermometers should be used to maintain the temperatures of the baths. Test procedures included in this specification include pass tests, progressive tests to a predetermined percent of breakage, total progressive tests, and high-level tests.
SCOPE
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1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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ASTM C693-93(2019)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Density of Glass by Buoyancy

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Density as a fundamental property of glass has basic significance. It is useful in the physical description of the glass and as essential data for research, development, engineering, and production.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the density of glasses at or near 25 °C, by buoyancy.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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ASTM C1048-18(Specification)
Standard Specification for Heat-Strengthened and Fully Tempered Flat Glass

ABSTRACT
This specification covers heat-treated flat glass - kind HS, kind FT coated and uncoated glass used in general building construction. Glass furnished under this specification shall be of the following conditions: condition A - uncoated surfaces, condition B - spandrel glass, one surface ceramic coated, and condition C - other coated glass. Flat glass furnished under this specification shall be of the following kinds: kind HS - heat-strengthened glass shall be flat glass, either transparent or patterned, in accordance with the applicable requirements, and kind FT - fully tempered glass shall be flat glass, either transparent or patterned in accordance with the applicable requirements. All fabrication, such as cutting to overall dimensions, edgework, drilled holes, notching, grinding, sandblasting, and etching, shall be performed before strengthening or tempering and shall be as specified. Requirements for fittings and hardware shall be as specified. In heat-strengthened and fully tempered glass, a strain pattern, which is not normally visible, may become visible under certain light conditions. The support system and the amount of glass deflection for a given set of wind-load conditions must be considered for design purposes. Heat-treated flat glass cannot be cut after tempering. Heat-treated glass can be furnished with holes, notches, cutouts, and bevels. The expansion fit and porosity of the ceramic coating shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed. Specimens for evaluation of resistance to alkali and acid shall be prepared and tested to meet the requirements prescribed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for monolithic flat heat-strengthened and fully tempered coated and uncoated glass produced on a horizontal tempering system used in general building construction and other applications.  
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Standard Practice for Determining Load Resistance of Glass in Buildings

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
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6.2 Use of this practice assumes:  
6.2.1 The glass is free of edge damage and is properly glazed.  
6.2.2 The glass has not been subjected to abuse.  
6.2.3 The surface condition of the glass is typical of glass that has been in service for several years, and is weaker than freshly manufactured glass due to minor abrasions on exposed surfaces.  
6.2.4 The glass edge support system is sufficiently stiff to limit the lateral deflections of the supported glass edges to no more than 1/175 of their lengths. The specified design load shall be used for this calculation.  
6.2.5 The deflection of glass or support system, or both, shall not result in loss of glass edge support. The glass bite reduction or pullout shall be considered using the method referenced in (1).3
Note 2: Glass deflections are to be reviewed. This practice does not address aesthetic issues caused by glass deflection.
Note 3: This practice does not consider the effects of deflection on insulating glass unit seal performance.
Note 4: The designer/engineer must determine what constitutes sufficient glass edge support based on Annex A1, Non-Factored Load Charts.  
6.3 Many other factors shall be considered in glass type and thickness selection. These factors include but are not limited to: thermal stresses, spontaneous breakage of tempered glass, the effects of windborne debris, excessive deflections, behavior of glass fragments after breakage, blast, seismic effects, building movement, heat flow, edge bite, noise abatement, and potential post-breakage consequences. In addition, considerations set forth in building codes along with criteria presented in safety-glazing standards and site-specific concerns may control the ultimate glass type and thickness selection.  
6.4 For situations not specifically addressed in this standard, the design professional shall use enginee...
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1.1 This practice covers procedures to determine the load resistance (LR) of specified glass types, including combinations of glass types used in a sealed insulating glass (IG) unit, exposed to a uniform lateral load of short or long duration, for a specified probability of breakage.  
1.2 This practice applies to vertical and sloped glazing in buildings for which the specified design loads consist of wind load, snow load and self-weight with a total combined magnitude less than or equal to 15 kPa (315 psf). This practice shall not apply to other applications including, but not limited to, balustrades, glass floor panels, aquariums, structural glass members, and glass shelves.  
1.3 This practice applies only to monolithic and laminated glass constructions of rectangular shape with continuous lateral support along one, two, three, or four edges. This practice assumes that (1) the supported glass edges for two, three, and four-sided support conditions are simply supported and free to slip in plane; (2) glass supported on two sides acts as a simply supported beam; and (3) glass supported on one side acts as a cantilever. For insulating glass units, this practice only applies to insulating glass units with four-sided edge support.  
1.4 This practice does not apply to any form of wired, patterned, sandblasted, drilled, notched, or grooved glass. This practice does not apply to glass with surface or edge treatments that reduce the glass strength.
Note 1: Ceramic enamel is known to affect glass load resistance. Consult the manufacturer for guidance.  
1.5 This practice addresses only the determination of the resistance of glass to uniform lateral loads. The final thickness and type of glass selected also depends upon a variety of other factors (see 6.3).  
1.6 Charts in this practice provide a means to determine approximate maximum lateral glass deflection. Appendix X1 provides additional procedures to determine maximu...

  • Standard
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  • Standard
    65 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off