ASTM D6388-99
(Practice)Standard Practice for Tests to Evaluate the Chemical Resistance of Geonets to Liquids
Standard Practice for Tests to Evaluate the Chemical Resistance of Geonets to Liquids
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes procedures for testing geonet products for chemical resistance with liquid wastes, prepared chemical solutions, or leachates, or both, derived from solid wastes.
1.2 This practice describes test methods for measuring changes in mass, dimensions, tensile and hydraulic properties and other optional physical and mechanical properties caused by immersion in test solutions, which may be representative of anticipated end use conditions. This practice may be used to assess the extent to which a product's as-manufactured properties are affected by such immersion.
1.3 This practice is intended to be used in conjunction with Practices D5322 or D5496. The scope of this practice is limited to testing and reporting procedures for unexposed and exposed geonet samples.
1.4 Evaluation or interpretation of test data is beyond the scope of this practice.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Section 7 for specific hazards statements.
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Designation:D6388–99
Standard Practice for
Tests to Evaluate the Chemical Resistance of Geonets to
Liquids
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6388; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D 1621 Test Method for Compressive Properties of Rigid
Cellular Plastics
1.1 This practice describes procedures for testing geonet
D 4439 Terminology for Geotextiles
products for chemical resistance with liquid wastes, prepared
D 4595 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Geotextiles
chemical solutions, or leachates, or both, derived from solid
by Wide Width Strip Method
wastes.
D 4716 Test Method for Determining the (In-Plane) Flow
1.2 This practice describes test methods for measuring
Rate per Unit Width and Hydraulic Transmissivity of a
changes in mass, dimensions, tensile and hydraulic properties
Geosynthetic Using a Constant Head
and other optional physical and mechanical properties caused
D 5035 Test Method for Breaking Strength and Elongation
by immersion in test solutions, which may be representative of
of Textile Fabrics (Strip Test)
anticipated end use conditions. This practice may be used to
D 5199 Test Method for Measuring Nominal Thickness of
assess the extent to which a product’s as-manufactured prop-
Geotextiles and Geomembranes
erties are affected by such immersion.
D 5322 Practice for Immersion Procedures for Evaluating
1.3 This practice is intended to be used in conjunction with
the Chemical Resistance of Geosynthetics to Liquids
Practices D 5322 or D 5496. The scope of this practice is
D 5496 Practice for In-Field Immersion Testing of Geosyn-
limited to testing and reporting procedures for unexposed and
thetics
exposed geonet samples.
D 5747 Practice for Tests to Evaluate the Chemical Resis-
1.4 Evaluation or interpretation of test data is beyond the
tance of Geomembranes to Liquids
scope of this practice.
2.2 EPA Standards:
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
EPA/600/2–88/052 Lining of Waste Containment and Other
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Impoundment Facilities
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
EPA 9090 Compatibility Test for Wastes and Membrane
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Liners
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Section 7 for
specific hazards statements.
3. Terminology
2. Referenced Documents 3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 chemical resistance, n—for geosynthetics, the extent
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2 to which a material or product retains its original physical and
D 123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
chemical characteristics as a function of immersion in, or
D 792 TestMethodsforDensityandSpecificGravity(Rela-
2 contact with, a foreign substance (see Practice D 5747).
tive Density) of Plastics by Displacement
3.1.2 geonet, n—a geosynthetic consisting of integrally
D 1238 Test Method for Flow Rates of Thermoplastics by
connected parallel sets of ribs overlying similar sets at various
Extrusion Plastometer
angles for planar drainage of liquids or gases (seeTerminology
D 4439).
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-35 on Geosyn-
thetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.02 on Endurance Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.13.
Properties. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.02.
Current edition approved Feb. 10, 1999. Published May 1999. Available from the National Technical Information Service, PB–89–129670.
2 7
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.01. Available from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01. Office, Washington, DC 20402.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D6388–99
increased volatility of organics and the increased activity of acids and
3.1.3 geosynthetic, n—a planar product manufactured from
bases. Care also must be taken to prevent the spilling of hazardous
polymeric material used with soil, rock, earth, or other geo-
materials, and provisions must be made to clean up any accidental spills
technical engineering related material as an integral part of a
that do occur.
manmade project, structure, or system (see Terminology
7.1 Before carrying out any test, safety precautions and
D 4439).
disposal procedures for hazardous waste, chemicals or immer-
3.1.4 specimen, n—a specific portion of a material or
sion solutions, and any contaminated geonet materials, should
laboratory sample upon which a test is performed or which is
be identified and implemented to provide full protection to all
taken for that purpose (see Terminology D 4439).
personnel and to comply with applicable disposal regulations.
3.1.5 For definitions of terms used in this practice, refer to
Terminologies D 123 and D 4439.
8. Sampling
4. Summary of Practice
8.1 Determine the number and dimensions of the test
specimens according to the requirements of the dimensional
4.1 This practice defines test methods and procedures for
measurements and physical/polymer property tests to be per-
evaluating the resistance of geonet to liquid exposure by
formed, the duration of the immersion, and the number of test
monitoring physical and chemical properties of geonet speci-
intervals.
mens immersed in a test liquid. The physical condition of the
geonet is monitored as a function of cumulative exposure time
NOTE 2—In contrast to other related chemical resistance test practices,
by means of dimensional measurements and physical and
this practice provides for the preparation of individual test specimens
directly from roll materials instead of prepared samples or exposure
chemical property tests.
coupons, or both. These test specimens then are used for subsequent
exposure and testing.
5. Significance and Use
8.2 Sample in accordance with respective test methods
5.1 This practice is intended to provide a list of standard
selected.
procedures for test programs for investigating the chemical
8.3 Cut individual test specimens in each the machine and
resistance of a geonet with a liquid waste, leachate, or
transverse directions from stock roll material.
chemical. This practice should be used in the absence of other
8.4 Mix or shuffle in a random fashion, and then select
specifications required for the particular situation being ad-
pre-cut, randomly mixed specimens for assignment to unex-
dressed.
posed (baseline) testing or immersion in test solutions for
5.2 Chemical resistance, as used in this practice, is not a
testing after exposure.
quantifiableterm.Thispracticeisintendedtoprovideabasisof
8.5 Cut individual test specimens for dimension and mass
standardization for those wishing to compare or investigate the
measurements. Specimens may be of any size for which
chemical resistance of a geonet. It should be recognized that
accurate and repeatable measurements can be made, compat-
chemical resistance is a user judgment evaluation and that this
ible with the immersion tank. Cut specimens from sheet stock
practice does not offer procedures for interpreting the results
using a die to assure consistency of dimensions.
obtained from test procedures contained herein. As a practice,
a test result is not produced.
NOTE 3—Square specimens 152.4 by 152.4 mm (6 by 6 in.) have been
5.3 This practice is for the chemical resistance assessment
found to be satisfactory for dimensional and mass measurements. The
of geonets and is written in parallel to similar practices for
same individual specimens may be used for length, width, thickness, and
weight change measurements, if desired. Multiple dimensional measure-
geomembranes,geogrids,geotextiles,andgeopipes.Eachprac-
ments may be made on a given specimen and averaged to obtain a
tice is to be considered individually for the geosynthetic under
representative basis for comparison.
investigation and collectively for all geosynthetics exposed to
the potentially harsh chemical environment under consider-
9. Conditioning
ation.
9.1 Condition geonet test specimens at a temperature of 21
6 2°C (70 6 4°F) and relative humidity between 50 and 70 %
6. Apparatus
for a period not less than 40 h prior to weighing, or baseline
6.1 Analytical Balance, capable of weighing to an accuracy
testing and immersion, or a combination thereof.
of 0.001 g.
6.2 Measuring Equipment, such as scales or calipers, suit-
10. Procedure
able for determining dimensions of geonet specimens.
10.1 Immerse the geonet specimens in the test solution as
6.3 All other required equipment is specified in the refer-
specified in Practices D 5322 or D 5496.
enced test methods. Refer to the appropriate standards for a
10.2 Immerse a sufficient number of specimens to perform
description of the apparatus necessary to perform those tests.
the required testing for each of the immersion periods.
10.3 Immerse additional pieces of geonet for dimensional
7. Hazards
changes and volatile loss for each immersion period. Record
NOTE 1—Wa
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