ASTM D5704-16
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Evaluation of the Thermal and Oxidative Stability of Lubricating Oils Used for Manual Transmissions and Final Drive Axles
Standard Test Method for Evaluation of the Thermal and Oxidative Stability of Lubricating Oils Used for Manual Transmissions and Final Drive Axles
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method measures the tendency of automotive manual transmission and final drive lubricants to deteriorate under high-temperature conditions, resulting in thick oil, sludge, carbon and varnish deposits, and the formation of corrosive products. This deterioration can lead to serious equipment performance problems, including, in particular, seal failures due to deposit formation at the shaft-seal interface. This test method is used to screen lubricants for problematic additives and base oils with regard to these tendencies.
5.2 This test method is used or referred to in the following documents:
5.2.1 American Petroleum Institute (API) Publication 1560-Lubricant Service Designations for Automotive Manual Transmissions, Manual Transaxles, and Axles,7
5.2.2 STP-512A–Laboratory Performance Tests for Automotive Gear Lubricants Intended for API GL-5 Service,8
5.2.3 SAE J308-Information Report on Axle and Manual Transmission Lubricants,9 and
5.2.4 U.S. Military Specification MIL-L-2105D.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is commonly referred to as the L-60-1 test.2 It covers the oil-thickening, insolubles-formation, and deposit-formation characteristics of automotive manual transmission and final drive axle lubricating oils when subjected to high-temperature oxidizing conditions.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.2.1 Exceptions—The values stated in SI units for catalyst mass loss, oil mass and volume, alternator output, and air flow are to be regarded as standard.
1.2.2 SI units are provided for all parameters except where there is no direct equivalent such as the units for screw threads, or where there is a sole source supply equipment specification.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning information is given in Sections 7 and 8 and Annex A7.
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Designation: D5704 − 16
Standard Test Method for
Evaluation of the Thermal and Oxidative Stability of
Lubricating Oils Used for Manual Transmissions and Final
1
Drive Axles
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5704; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
Portions of this test method are written for use by laboratories that make use of ASTM Test
2
Monitoring Center (TMC) services (see Annex A1 – Annex A4).
TheTMCprovidesreferenceoils,andengineeringandstatisticalservicestolaboratoriesthatdesire
to produce test results that are statistically similar to those produced by laboratories previously
calibrated by the TMC.
In general, the Test Purchaser decides if a calibrated test stand is to be used. Organizations such as
theAmericanChemistryCouncilrequirethatalaboratoryutilizetheTMCservicesaspartoftheirtest
registration process. In addition, the American Petroleum Institute and the Gear Lubricant Review
Committee of the Lubricant Review Institute (SAE International) require that a laboratory use the
TMC services in seeking qualification of oils against their specifications.
The advantage of using the TMC services to calibrate test stands is that the test laboratory (and
hence theTest Purchaser) has an assurance that the test stand was operating at the proper level of test
severity. It should also be borne in mind that results obtained in a non-calibrated test stand may not
be the same as those obtained in a test stand participating in the ASTM TMC services process.
Laboratories that choose not to use the TMC services may simply disregard these portions.
1. Scope* 1.2.2 SI units are provided for all parameters except where
thereisnodirectequivalentsuchastheunitsforscrewthreads,
1.1 This test method is commonly referred to as the L-60-1
2
or where there is a sole source supply equipment specification.
test. It covers the oil-thickening, insolubles-formation, and
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
deposit-formation characteristics of automotive manual trans-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
mission and final drive axle lubricating oils when subjected to
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
high-temperature oxidizing conditions.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
1.2 Thevaluesstatedininch-poundunitsaretoberegarded
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
information is given in Sections 7 and 8 and Annex A7.
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
and are not considered standard.
2. Referenced Documents
1.2.1 Exceptions—The values stated in SI units for catalyst
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
mass loss, oil mass and volume, alternator output, and air flow
B224Classification of Coppers
are to be regarded as standard.
D235Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits)
(Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
D445Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D02.B0.03 on Automotive Gear Lubricants & Fluids.
and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of DynamicViscos-
Current edition approved April 1, 2016. Published April 2016. Originally
ity)
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D5704–15a DOI:
10.1520/D5704-16.
2
Until the next revision of this test method, the ASTM Test Monitoring Center
3
will update changes in the test method by means of information letters. Information For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
letters may be obtained from the ASTM Test Monitoring Center, 6555 Penn Ave., contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Pittsburgh, PA 15206-4489. Attention: Administrator. This edition incorporates Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
revisions in all information Letters through No. 15–4. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5704 − 16
D664Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products under high-temperature conditions, resulting in thick oil,
by Potentiometric Titration sludge, carbon and varnish deposits, and the formation of
D893Test Method for Insolubles in Use
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5704 − 15a D5704 − 16
Standard Test Method for
Evaluation of the Thermal and Oxidative Stability of
Lubricating Oils Used for Manual Transmissions and Final
1
Drive Axles
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5704; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
Portions of this test method are written for use by laboratories that make use of ASTM Test
2
Monitoring Center (TMC) services (see Annex A1 – Annex A4).
The TMC provides reference oils, and engineering and statistical services to laboratories that desire
to produce test results that are statistically similar to those produced by laboratories previously
calibrated by the TMC.
In general, the Test Purchaser decides if a calibrated test stand is to be used. Organizations such as
the American Chemistry Council require that a laboratory utilize the TMC services as part of their test
registration process. In addition, the American Petroleum Institute and the Gear Lubricant Review
Committee of the Lubricant Review Institute (SAE International) require that a laboratory use the
TMC services in seeking qualification of oils against their specifications.
The advantage of using the TMC services to calibrate test stands is that the test laboratory (and
hence the Test Purchaser) has an assurance that the test stand was operating at the proper level of test
severity. It should also be borne in mind that results obtained in a non-calibrated test stand may not
be the same as those obtained in a test stand participating in the ASTM TMC services process.
Laboratories that choose not to use the TMC services may simply disregard these portions.
1. Scope*
2
1.1 This test method is commonly referred to as the L-60-1 test. It covers the oil-thickening, insolubles-formation, and
deposit-formation characteristics of automotive manual transmission and final drive axle lubricating oils when subjected to
high-temperature oxidizing conditions.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.2.1 Exceptions—The values stated in SI units for catalyst mass loss, oil mass and volume, alternator output, and air flow are
to be regarded as standard.
1.2.2 SI units are provided for all parameters except where there is no direct equivalent such as the units for screw threads, or
where there is a sole source supply equipment specification.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. Specific warning information is given in Sections 7 and 8 and Annex A3A7.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.B0.03 on Automotive Gear Lubricants & Fluids.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2015April 1, 2016. Published October 2015April 2016. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as
D5704 – 15.D5704 – 15a DOI: 10.1520/D5704-15A.10.1520/D5704-16.
2
Until the next revision of this test method, the ASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC) will update changes in thisthe test method by means of Information Letters.
Information Lettersinformation letters. Information letters may be obtained from the ASTM Test Monitoring Center, 6555 Penn Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15206-4489. Attention:
Administrator. This edition incorporates revisions in all Information Letters through 15–2. The TMC is also the source of reference oils.information Letters through No. 15–4.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5704 − 16
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
B224 Classification of Coppers
D235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits) (Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liq
...
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