ASTM E305-21

Standard Practice for Establishing and Controlling Spark Atomic Emission Spectrochemical Analytical Curves

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice is intended to provide fundamental direction for the calibration, drift correction, and periodic control of the analytical curves for spark atomic emission spectrometers.  
5.2 It is assumed that this practice will be used by trained operators capable of performing the procedures described herein.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice provides direction for establishing and controlling spark atomic emission spectrochemical analytical curves. The generation of analytical curves and their control are considered as separate though interrelated operations. This practice is applicable to spark atomic emission spectrometers.
Note 1: X-ray fluorescence spectrometric applications are no longer covered by this practice. See Guides E1361 and E1621 for discussion of this technique.  
1.1.1 Since software programs are readily available to compute multiple linear regressions that can be used to generate analytical curves and since most instruments include this feature, this practice does not address this procedure. However, some recommendations are given to evaluate the equations that are generated.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 14-May-2021
• ICS: 71.040.50 - Physicochemical methods of analysis
• Technical Committee: E01 - Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
• Drafting Committee: E01.20 - Fundamental Practices

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E305 − 21
Standard Practice for
Establishing and Controlling Spark Atomic Emission
1
Spectrochemical Analytical Curves
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E305; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
3
1. Scope Spectrochemical Analysis (Withdrawn 2019)
E1361 Guide for Correction of Interelement Effects in
1.1 This practice provides direction for establishing and
X-Ray Spectrometric Analysis
controlling spark atomic emission spectrochemical analytical
E1621 Guide for ElementalAnalysis by Wavelength Disper-
curves. The generation of analytical curves and their control
sive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
are considered as separate though interrelated operations. This
practice is applicable to spark atomic emission spectrometers.
3. Terminology
NOTE 1—X-ray fluorescence spectrometric applications are no longer
3.1 For definitions of terms used in this practice, refer to
covered by this practice. See Guides E1361 and E1621 for discussion of
Terminology E135.
this technique.
NOTE 2—Spectrometer manufacturers tend to use the term “standard-
1.1.1 Since software programs are readily available to
ization” in their software. The correct technical term is “drift correction,”
compute multiple linear regressions that can be used to
which is used in this practice.
generate analytical curves and since most instruments include
this feature, this practice does not address this procedure.
4. Summary of Practice
However, some recommendations are given to evaluate the
4.1 Systematic and random errors that occur in obtaining
equations that are generated.
data are reviewed. Background corrections are considered as
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
well as interferences from other elements. Calibration, drift
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
correction, and verification procedures are discussed, including
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
the use of reference materials and the generation of data. A
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
basis is given for evaluating first, second, third, and higher
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
degree analytical curves.
1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-
5. Significance and Use
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
5.1 This practice is intended to provide fundamental direc-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
tion for the calibration, drift correction, and periodic control of
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
the analytical curves for spark atomic emission spectrometers.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
5.2 It is assumed that this practice will be used by trained
operators capable of performing the procedures described
2. Referenced Documents
herein.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E135 Terminology Relating to Analytical Chemistry for
6. Precautions
Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
6.1 Potential Errors:
E1329 Practice for Verification and Use of Control Charts in
6.1.1 Bias Because of Incorrect Calibration—In the proce-
dure for quantitative spectrochemical analysis, the initial gen-
1 eration of the analytical curve relates element composition or
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E01 on Analytical
Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials and is the direct responsibility of relative composition to spectral intensity or intensity ratio.The
Subcommittee E01.20 on Fundamental Practices.
accuracy of the calibration may be affected by a number of
Current edition approved May 15, 2021. Published June 2021. Originally
factors, such as incorrect values for element compositions,
approved in 1966. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as E305 – 13. DOI:
heterogeneity of the reference materials, spectral interferences,
10.1520/E0305-21.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

--------------------
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E305 − 13 E305 − 21
Standard Practice for
Establishing and Controlling Spark Atomic Emission
1
Spectrochemical Analytical Curves
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E305; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers guidanceprovides direction for establishing and controlling spark atomic emission spectrochemical
analytical curves. The generation of analytical curves and their routine control are considered as separate althoughthough
interrelated operations. This practice is applicable to spark atomic emission spectrometers.
NOTE 1—X-ray emissionfluorescence spectrometric applications are no longer covered by this practice. See Guides E1361 and E1621 for discussion of
this technique.
1.1.1 Since computersoftware programs are readily available to runcompute multiple linear regressions that can be used to
generate analytical curves and since most instruments include this feature, this practice does not go into detail on the address this
procedure. However, some recommendations are given on evaluatingto evaluate the equations that are generated.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E135 Terminology Relating to Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
3
E1329 Practice for Verification and Use of Control Charts in Spectrochemical Analysis (Withdrawn 2019)
E1361 Guide for Correction of Interelement Effects in X-Ray Spectrometric Analysis
E1621 Guide for Elemental Analysis by Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
3. Terminology
3.1 For definitions of terms used in this practice, refer to Terminology E135.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E01 on Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee E01.20 on Fundamental Practices.
Current edition approved June 1, 2013May 15, 2021. Published July 2013June 2021. Originally approved in 1966. Last previous edition approved in 20072013 as
E305 – 07.E305 – 13. DOI: 10.1520/E0305-13.10.1520/E0305-21.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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E305 − 21
NOTE 2—Spectrometer manufacturers tend to use the term “standardization” in their software. The correct technical term is “drift correction,” which is
used in this practice.
4. Summary of Practice
4.1 Systematic and random errors that occur in obtaining data are reviewed. Background corrections are considered as well as
interferences from other elements. Calibration, standardization, drift correction, and verification procedures are discussed,
including the use of reference materials and the generation of data. A basis is given for evaluating first, second, third, and higher
degree analytical curves.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This practice is intended as ato provide fundamental guidedirection for the calibration, standardization, drift correction, and
dailyperiodic control of the analytical curves for spark atomic emission spectrometers.
5.2 It is assumed that this practice will be used by trained operators capable of performing the procedures described herein.
6. Precautions
6.1 Potential Errors:
6.1.1 Bias Because of Incorrect Calibration—In the procedure for quantitative
...