Standard Specification for Alloy Steel Axles, Heat-Treated, for Mass Transit and Electric Railway Service

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers quenched and tempered alloy steel axles for mass transit and commuter cars in electric railway service.
1.2 This specification is for solid design roller bearing axles with machined bodies.
1.3 Various axle designs are used for this service including motor and nonmotor with either inboard or outboard journals.
1.4 Supplementary requirements are provided for use when additional testing or inspection is desired. These shall apply only when specified individually by the purchaser in the order.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.

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Publication Date
30-Sep-2005
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ASTM A729-05 - Standard Specification for Alloy Steel Axles, Heat-Treated, for Mass Transit and Electric Railway Service
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn. Contact ASTM
International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: A 729 – 05
Standard Specification for
Alloy Steel Axles, Heat-Treated, for Mass Transit and
1
Electric Railway Service
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 729; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.1 Quantity.
3.1.2 Purchaser’s drawing showing complete details per-
1.1 This specification covers quenched and tempered alloy
taining to dimensions, tolerances if more restrictive than those
steel axles for mass transit and commuter cars in electric
contained in this specification, degree of finish and location of
railway service.
stamping and any other information that will aid the manufac-
1.2 This specification is for solid design roller bearing axles
turer to furnish a satisfactory product.
with machined bodies.
3.1.3 Supplementary requirements, if any.
1.3 Various axle designs are used for this service including
motor and nonmotor with either inboard or outboard journals.
4. Manufacture
1.4 Supplementary requirements are provided for use when
4.1 Process—The steel shall be made by any of the follow-
additional testing or inspection is desired. These shall apply
ing processes: open-hearth, electric-furnace, or basic-oxygen.
only when specified individually by the purchaser in the order.
4.2 Discard—A sufficient discard shall be made to assure
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
freedom from piping and undue segregation.
as the standard.
4.3 Forging Practice—The axle may be made direct from
2. Referenced Documents the ingot or from blooms, the total reduction from ingot or
2
strand cast blooms to forging being not less than 3 to 1, unless
2.1 ASTM Standards:
otherwise specified.
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for MechanicalTesting
2
4.4 Cooling and Heating:
of Steel Products
4.4.1 After axle blooms are produced they shall be slow
E112 Test Methods for Determining the Average Grain
cooled in closed containers, hoods, or furnaces.
Size
4.4.2 Blooms shall be reheated for forging in a manner that
E 127 Practice for Fabricating and Checking Aluminum
will prevent internal bursts and overheating.
Alloy Ultrasonic Standard Reference Blocks
4.4.3 After forging, axles shall be slow cooled in closed
E 381 Method of Macroetch Testing Steel Bars, Billets,
containers, covered conveyors, or hoods. If axles are heat-
Blooms, and Forgings
treated directly from the forging, they shall be slow cooled
NOTE 1—References to analysis standards are for guidance only; other
following the final heat treatment.
methods of equivalent accuracy may be used.
4.4.4 Axles that are heat-treated directly from forging (1)
shall be cooled below the transformation temperature or to
3. Ordering Information
approximately 1000°F (538°C) before any reheating operation,
3.1 Orders for material under this specification shall include
and (2) must not be permitted to cool below 500°F (260°C)
the following information:
without slow cooling as defined in 4.4.3.
NOTE 2—As the temperature of the axles approaches the minimum of
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM CommitteeA01 on Steel,
500°F (260°C) a supplemental heat source may be necessary to assure an
Stainless Steel, and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
effective slow cooling cycle.
A01.06 on Steel Forgings and Billets.
4.4.5 When properly vacuum-degassed steel is used, the
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2005. Published November 2005. Originally
approved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as A 729 – 93 (1999).
slow cooling requirements of 4.4.1, 4.4.3, and 4.4.4 may be
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
omitted but axle blooms must then be pile cooled.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
4.5 Heat Treatment:
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn. Contact ASTM
International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
A 729–05
TABLE 2 Permissible Variations for Product Analysis (for Cross
4.5.1 Quenching—After heating to a suitable temperature
2 2
Section 100 in. (645 cm ) and Under)
the axles shall be quenched in a suitable medium under
reasonablyuniformconditions.Afurnacechargethustreatedis
NOTE—Product cross-sectional area is defined as either:
(a) maximum cross-sec
...

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