ASTM D6375-09
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Evaporation Loss of Lubricating Oils by Thermogravimetric Analyzer (TGA) Noack Method
Standard Test Method for Evaporation Loss of Lubricating Oils by Thermogravimetric Analyzer (TGA) Noack Method
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is a safe and fast alternative for determination of the Noack evaporation loss of a lubricant.
The evaporation loss of a lubricant is important in the hot zones of equipment where evaporation of part of the lubricant may increase lubricant consumption.
Some lubricant specifications cite a maximum allowable evaporative loss.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for determining the Noack evaporation loss of lubricating oils using a thermogravimetric analyzer test (TGA). The test method is applicable to base stocks and fully formulated lubricant oils having a Noack evaporative loss ranging from 0 to 30 mass %. This procedure requires much smaller specimens, and is faster when multiple samples are sequentially analyzed, and safer than the standard Noack method using Wood's metal.
1.2 The evaporative loss determined by this test method is the same as that determined using the standard Noack test methods.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D6375 − 09
StandardTest Method for
Evaporation Loss of Lubricating Oils by Thermogravimetric
1
Analyzer (TGA) Noack Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6375; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 3. Terminology
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for determining 3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
the Noack evaporation loss of lubricating oils using a thermo- 3.1.1 Noack reference oil—theoilprovidedbyNoackequip-
gravimetric analyzer test (TGA). The test method is applicable ment manufacturers to check proper operation of the Noack
to base stocks and fully formulated lubricant oils having a evaporation tester.
Noack evaporative loss ranging from 0 to 30 mass %. This
3.1.2 Noack reference time—the time (in minutes) required
procedurerequiresmuchsmallerspecimens,andisfasterwhen
for the Noack reference oil to reach its known Noack evapo-
multiple samples are sequentially analyzed, and safer than the
rative loss under the conditions used in this test method.
standard Noack method using Wood’s metal.
3.1.3 TGA Noack volatility—the evaporative loss (in mass
1.2 The evaporative loss determined by this test method is
percent) of a lubricant as determined in this test method.
the same as that determined using the standard Noack test
methods.
4. Summary of Test Method
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
4.1 A lubricant specimen is placed in an appropriate TGA
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
specimen pan. The pan is placed on the TGA pan holder and
standard.
quicklyheatedtobetween247and249°Cunderastreamofair,
and then held isothermal for an appropriate time. Throughout
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
this process, the TGA monitors and records the mass loss
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
experienced by the specimen due to evaporation. The Noack
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
evaporationlossissubsequentlydeterminedfromthespecimen
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
weight percent loss versus time curve (TG curve) as the mass
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
percent lost by the specimen at the Noack reference time
2. Referenced Documents
determined under the same TGA conditions.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5. Significance and Use
D5800 Test Method for Evaporation Loss of Lubricating
Oils by the Noack Method
5.1 This test method is a safe and fast alternative for
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance
determination of the Noack evaporation loss of a lubricant.
and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical
5.2 The evaporation loss of a lubricant is important in the
Measurement System Performance
hot zones of equipment where evaporation of part of the
D6792 Practice for Quality System in Petroleum Products
lubricant may increase lubricant consumption.
and Lubricants Testing Laboratories
5.3 Somelubricantspecificationsciteamaximumallowable
E1582 Practice for Calibration of Temperature Scale for
evaporative loss.
Thermogravimetry
6. Apparatus
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
6.1 Thermogravimetric Analyzer , with the capability to
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.06 on Analysis of Lubricants.
meetalltheconditionsrequiredforthistestmethod,alongwith
Current edition approved March 1, 2009. Published March 2009. Originally
the software necessary to complete the required analyses.
approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D6375–05. DOI:
10.1520/D6375-09.
6.2 Aluminum Specimen Pan—This shall be cylindrical, and
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
have a minimum inside diameter/height ratio of 0.45 and a
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
volume of 50 6 3 µL. If the pans provided by the particular
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. TGA manufacturer do not meet these criteria, alternative pans
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D6375 − 09
FIG. 1 Examples Showing Adaptation of Alternative Sample Pans
may be used and adapted to fit the pan holder of the TGA. 9. Procedure
Examples of some of the adaptations used dur
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
An American National Standard
Designation:D6375–05 Designation: D 6375 – 09
Standard Test Method for
Evaporation Loss of Lubricating Oils by Thermogravimetric
1
Analyzer (TGA) Noack Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6375; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for determining the Noack evaporation loss of lubricating oils using a
thermogravimetric analyzer test (TGA). The test method is applicable to base stocks and fully formulated lubricant oils having a
Noackevaporativelossrangingfrom0to30mass%.Thisprocedurerequiresmuchsmallerspecimens,andisfasterwhenmultiple
samples are sequentially analyzed, and safer than the standard Noack method using Wood’s metal.
1.2 The evaporative loss determined by this test method is the same as that determined using the standard Noack test methods.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 5800 Test Method for Evaporation Loss of Lubricating Oils by the Noack Method
D 6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical
Measurement System Performance
D 6792 GuidePractice for Quality System in Petroleum Products and Lubricants Testing Laboratories
E 1582 Practice for Calibration of Temperature Scale for Thermogravimetry
2.2 Other Documents:
DIN 51-581 Determination of Evaporation Loss of Lubricating Oils
CEC L-40-T-87 Evaporation Loss of Lubricating Oils
JPI-5S-41-93Determination of Evaporation Loss of Engine Oils (Noack Method)
SAE 962035The Thermogravimetric Noack Test: A Precise, Safe and Fast Method for Measuring Lubricant Volatility
IP 421Evaporation Loss of Lubricating Oils
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 Noack reference oil—the oil provided by Noack equipment manufacturers to check proper operation of the Noack
evaporation tester.
3.1.2 Noack reference time—the time (in minutes) required for the Noack reference oil to reach its known Noack evaporative
loss under the conditions used in this test method.
3.1.3 TGA Noack volatility—the evaporative loss (in mass percent) of a lubricant as determined in this test method.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 Alubricant specimen is placed in an appropriate TGAspecimen pan. The pan is placed on the TGApan holder and quickly
heated to between 247 and 249°C under a stream of air, and then held isothermal for an appropriate time.Throughout this process,
the TGA monitors and records the mass loss experienced by the specimen due to evaporation. The Noack evaporation loss is
subsequently determined from the specimen weight percent loss versus time curve (TG curve) as the mass percent lost by the
specimen at the Noack reference time determined under the same TGA conditions.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.06 on
Analysis of Lubricants.
Current edition approved JuneMarch 1, 2005.2009. Published July 2005.March 2009. Originally approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 19992005 as
D6375–99a.D 6375–05.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6375–09
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test method is a safe and fast alternative for determination of the Noack evaporation loss of a lubricant.
5.2 The evaporation loss of a lubricant is important in the hot zones of equipment where evaporation of part of the
...
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