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ASTM E478-03

(Test Method)

Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper Alloys

Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper Alloys

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
These test methods for the chemical analysis of metals and alloys are primarily intended as referee methods to test such materials for compliance with compositional specifications. It is assumed that all who use these methods will be trained analysts capable of performing common laboratory procedures skillfully and safely. It is expected that work will be performed in a properly equipped laboratory.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the chemical analysis of copper alloys having chemical compositions within the following limits:ElementConcentration, %Aluminum12.0 maxAntimony1.0 maxArsenic1.0 maxCadmium1.5 maxCobalt1.0 maxCopper40.0 minIron6.0 maxLead27.0 maxManganese6.0 maxNickel50.0 maxPhosphorus1.0 maxSilicon5.0 maxSulfur0.1 maxTin20.0 maxZinc50.0 max
1.2 The test methods appear in the following order:SectionsAluminum by the Carbamate Extraction-(Ethyl-enedinitrilo) Tetraacetate Titrimetric Test Method [2 to 12 %]70-77Copper by the Combined Electrodeposition Gravimetric and Oxalyldihydrazide Photometric Test Method [50 %, minimum]9-17Iron by the 1,10-Phenanthroline Photometric Test Method [0.003 to 1.25 %]18-27Lead by the Atomic Absorption Test Method [0.002 to 15 %]89-99Lead by the (Ethylenedinitrilo)tetraacetic Acid (EDTA) Titrimetric Test Method [2.0 to 30.0 %]28-35Nickel by the Dimethylglyoxime Extraction Photometric Test Method [0.03 to 5.0 %]36-45Nickel by the Dimethylglyoxime Gravimetric Test Method [4 to 50 %]54-61Silver in Silver-Bearing Copper by the Atomic Absorption Test Method [0.01 to 0.12 %]100-111Tin by the Iodatimetric Titration Test Method [0.5 to 20 %]62-69Tin by the Phenylfluorone Photometric Test Method [0.01 to 1.0 %]112-122Zinc by Atomic Spectrometry [0.2 to 2 %]78-88Zinc by the (Ethylenedinitrilo)tetraacetic Acid (EDTA) Titrimetric Test Method [2 to 40 %]46-53
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Aug-2003
ICS
77.040.30 - Chemical analysis of metals
77.120.30 - Copper and copper alloys
Technical Committee
E01 - Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
Drafting Committee
E01.05 - Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Sn, Be, Precious Metals, their Alloys, and Related Metals
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM E478-89a(1996) - Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper Alloys
Effective Date
10-Aug-2003
Replaced By
ASTM E478-08 - Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper Alloys
Effective Date
15-Dec-2008
Referred By
ASTM B49-20 - Standard Specification for Copper Rod for Electrical Purposes
Effective Date
10-Aug-2003
Referred By
ASTM B150/B150M-19 - Standard Specification for Aluminum Bronze Rod, Bar, and Shapes
Effective Date
10-Aug-2003
Referred By
ASTM B950-22 - Standard Guide for Editorial Procedures and Form of Product Specifications for Copper and Copper Alloys
Effective Date
10-Aug-2003
Referred By
ASTM B644-11(2017) - Standard Specification for Copper Alloy Addition Agents
Effective Date
10-Aug-2003
Referred By
ASTM B151/B151M-20 - Standard Specification for Copper-Nickel-Zinc Alloy (Nickel Silver) and Copper-Nickel Rod and Bar
Effective Date
10-Aug-2003
Referred By
ASTM B16/B16M-19 - Standard Specification for Free-Cutting Brass Rod, Bar and Shapes for Use in Screw Machines
Effective Date
10-Aug-2003
Referred By
ASTM B706-18 - Standard Specification for Seamless Copper Alloy (UNS No. C69100) Pipe and Tube
Effective Date
10-Aug-2003
Referred By
ASTM B824-17 - Standard Specification for General Requirements for Copper Alloy Castings
Effective Date
10-Aug-2003
Referred By
ASTM B453/B453M-19 - Standard Specification for Copper-Zinc-Lead Alloy (Leaded-Brass) Rod, Bar, and Shapes
Effective Date
10-Aug-2003
Referred By
ASTM B101-22 - Standard Specification for Lead-Coated Copper Sheet and Strip for Building Construction
Effective Date
10-Aug-2003
Referred By
ASTM B936-19 - Standard Specification for Copper-Chromium-Iron-Titanium Alloy Plate, Sheet, Strip and Rolled Bar
Effective Date
10-Aug-2003
Referred By
ASTM B552-19 - Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Copper–Nickel Tubes for Water Desalting Plants
Effective Date
10-Aug-2003
Referred By
ASTM B98/B98M-13(2019) - Standard Specification for Copper-Silicon Alloy Rod, Bar and Shapes
Effective Date
10-Aug-2003

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ASTM E478-03 - Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper AlloysASTM E478-03 - Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper Alloys
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ASTM E478-03 - Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper Alloys
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:E478–03
Standard Test Methods for
1
Chemical Analysis of Copper Alloys
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 478; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope
Tin by the Phenylfluorone Photometric Test
Method [0.01 to 1.0 %] 112-122
1.1 These test methods cover the chemical analysis of
Zinc by Atomic Spectrometry [0.2 to 2 %] 78-88
copper alloys having chemical compositions within the follow-
Zinc by the (Ethylenedinitrilo)tetraacetic Acid
2
(EDTA) Titrimetric Test Method [2 to 40 %] 46-53
ing limits:
Element Concentration, %
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Aluminum 12.0 max
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Antimony 1.0 max
Arsenic 1.0 max
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Cadmium 1.5 max
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Cobalt 1.0 max
Copper 40.0 min
2. Referenced Documents
Iron 6.0 max
Lead 27.0 max
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Manganese 6.0 max
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
Nickel 50.0 max
3
Phosphorus 1.0 max
Determine Conformance with Specifications
Silicon 5.0 max
E50 Practices for Apparatus, Reagents, and Safety Precau-
Sulfur 0.1 max
4
tions for Chemical Analysis of Metals
Tin 20.0 max
Zinc 50.0 max
E60 Practice for Photometric and Spectrophotometric
4
Methods for Chemical Analysis of Metals
1.2 The test methods appear in the following order:
E 173 Practice for Conducting Interlaboratory Studies of
Sections
4
Methods for Chemical Analysis of Metals
Aluminum by the Carbamate Extraction-(Ethyl-
enedinitrilo) Tetraacetate Titrimetric Test
E 255 Practice for Sampling Copper and CopperAlloys for
Method [2 to 12 %] 70-77
4
Determination of Chemical Composition
Copper by the Combined Electrodeposition
E 1024 Guide for Chemical Analysis of Metals and Metal
Gravimetric and Oxalyldihydrazide Photomet-
ric Test Method [50 %, minimum] 9-17
Bearing Ores by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectropho-
Iron by the 1,10-Phenanthroline Photometric
4
tometry
Test Method [0.003 to 1.25 %] 18-27
E 1601 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
Lead by the Atomic Absorption Test Method
4
[0.002 to 15 %] 89-99
Evaluate the Performance of an Analytical Method
Lead by the (Ethylenedinitrilo)tetraacetic Acid
(EDTA) Titrimetric Test Method [2.0 to
3. Significance and Use
30.0 %] 28-35
Nickel by the Dimethylglyoxime Extraction Pho-
3.1 These test methods for the chemical analysis of metals
tometric Test Method [0.03 to 5.0 %] 36-45
and alloys are primarily intended as referee methods to test
Nickel by the Dimethylglyoxime Gravimetric
Test Method [4 to 50 %] 54-61 such materials for compliance with compositional specifica-
Silver in Silver-Bearing Copper by the Atomic
tions. It is assumed that all who use these methods will be
Absorption Test Method [0.01 to 0.12 %] 100-111
trained analysts capable of performing common laboratory
Tin by the Iodatimetric Titration Test Method
[0.5 to 20 %] 62-69 proceduresskillfullyandsafely.Itisexpectedthatworkwillbe
performed in a properly equipped laboratory.
4. Apparatus, Reagents, and Photometric Practice
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E01 on
4.1 Apparatus and reagents required for each determination
Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores and Related Materials and are the direct
are listed in separate sections preceding the procedure. The
responsibility of Subcommittee E01.05 on Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Sn, Be, theirAlloys and
Related Metals.
Current edition approved Aug. 10, 2003. Published September 2003. Originally
3
approved in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 1996 as E 478 – 89a (1996). Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
2 4
The actual limits of application of each test method are presented in 1.2. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.05.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E478–03
apparatus, standard solutions, and certain other reagents used 12.3 ElectrodesforElectroanalysis—Platinumelectrodesof
in more than one procedure are referred to by number and shall thestationarytypearerecommendedasdescribedin12.3.1and
conform to the requirements prescribed in Practices E50, 12.3.2, but strict adherence to the exact size and shape of the
except that photometers shall conform to the requirements electrodes is not man
...

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1.1 These test methods cover the chemical analysis of manganese-copper alloys having chemical compositions within the following limits:    
Element  
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Iron  
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Element  
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SCOPE
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Element  
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Aluminum  
12.0 max  
Antimony  
1.0 max  
Arsenic  
1.0 max  
Cadmium  
1.5 max  
Cobalt  
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Iron  
6.0 max  
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6.0 max  
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Aluminum by the Carbamate Extraction-Ethyl-
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71 – 78  
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10 – 18  
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29 – 36  
Nickel by the Dimethylglyoxime Extraction Sprectophotometric Test Method [0.03 % to 5.0 %]  
37 – 46  
Nickel by the Dimethylglyoxime Gravimetric Test Method [4 % to 50 %]  
55 – 62  
Silver in Silver-Bearing Copper by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry [0.01 % to 0.12 %]  
101 – 112  
Tin by the Iodotimetric Titration Test Method [0.5 % to 20 %]  
63 – 70  
Tin by the Phenylfluorone Spectrophotometric Test Method [0.01 % to 1.0 %]  
113 – 123  
Zinc by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry [0.2 % to 2 %]  
79 – 89  
Zinc by the Ethylenedinitrilotetraacetic Acid (EDTA) Titrimetric Test Method [2 % to 40 %]  
47 – 54  
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1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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Standard Guide for Ecological Considerations for the Use of Oil Spill Dispersants in Freshwater and Other Inland Environments, Lakes and Large Water Bodies

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This guide is meant to aid response teams who may use it during spill response planning and spill events.  
3.2 This guide should be adapted to site specific circumstance.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers the use of oil spill dispersants to assist in the control of oil spills. The guide is written with the goal of minimizing the environmental impacts of oil spills; this goal is the basis on which the recommendations are made. Aesthetic and socioeconomic factors are not considered, although these and other factors are often important in spill response.  
1.2 Spill responders have available several means to control or clean up spilled oil. Chemical dispersants should be given equal consideration with other spill countermeasures.  
1.3 This is a general guide only. Oil, as used in this guide, includes crude oils and refined petroleum products. Differences between individual dispersants or between different oil products are not considered. The dispersibility of the oil with the chosen dispersant should be evaluated.  
1.4 The guide is organized by habitat type, for example, small ponds and lakes, rivers and streams, and land. It considers the use of dispersants primarily to protect habitats from impact (or to minimize impacts).  
1.5 This guide applies only to freshwater and other inland environments. It does not consider the direct application of dispersants to subsurface waters.  
1.6 In making dispersant use decisions, appropriate government authorities should be consulted as required by law.  
1.7 This guide does not address getting regulatory approval.  
1.8 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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  • Guide
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ASTM
ASTM C596-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Drying Shrinkage of Mortar Containing Hydraulic Cement

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method establishes a selected set of conditions of temperature, relative humidity and rate of evaporation of the environment to which a mortar specimen of stated composition shall be subjected for a specified period of time during which its change in length is determined and designated “drying shrinkage.”  
4.2 The drying shrinkage of mortar as determined by this test method has a linear relation to the drying shrinkage of concrete made with the same cement and exposed to the same drying conditions.4 Hence this test method may be used when it is desired to develop data on the effect of a hydraulic cement on the drying shrinkage of concrete made with that cement.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method determines the change in length on drying of mortar bars containing hydraulic cement and graded standard sand.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. When combined standards are referenced, the selection of measurement system is at the user’s discretion subject to the requirements of the referenced standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure).2  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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  • Standard
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