ASTM B1014-20

Standard Specification for Welded Copper and Copper Alloy Condenser and Heat Exchanger Tubes with a Textured Surface(s)

SCOPE
1.1 This specification describes the production of welded copper and copper alloy tubes with a longitudinal seam free of filler metal produced from sheet or strip up to 1.5 in. (38.1 mm), in diameter for use in surface condensers, evaporators, heat exchangers, and general engineering applications. The following coppers or copper alloys are involved:    
Copper UNS Nos.  
Type of Copper  
C10100A  
Oxygen-Free-Electronic (OFE)  
C10200A  
Oxygen-Free, without residual deoxidants (OF)  
C10300A  
Oxygen-Free, low phosphorus (OFXLP)  
C10800A  
Oxygen-Free Copper, low phosphorus (OFLP)  
C12000A  
Phosphorus-Deoxidized, low residual phosphorus (DLP)  
C12200A  
Phosphorus-Deoxidized, high residual phosphorus (DHP)  
C14200  
Phosphorus-Deoxidized, arsenical (DPA)  
C15630  
Nickel Phosphorus  
C19200  
Phosphorized, 1 % iron  
C23000  
Red Brass, 85 %  
C44300  
Admiralty, Arsenical  
C44400  
Admiralty, Antimonial  
C44500  
Admiralty, Phosphorized  
C60800  
Aluminum Bronze  
C68700  
Aluminum Brass, Arsenical  
C70400  
Copper-Nickel, 5 %  
C70600  
Copper-Nickel, 10 %  
C70620  
Copper-Nickel, 10 % (modified for welding)  
C71000  
Copper-Nickel, 20 %  
C71500  
Copper-Nickel, 30 %  
C71520  
Copper-Nickel, 30 % (modified for welding)  
C72200  
...  
1.1.1 The (1) external tube surface, (2) internal tube surface, or (3) both internal and external tube surfaces of these tubes shall have a textured surface for improved heat transfer or fluid flow, or both. The strip material used to produce the textured surface tubes have been modified to form a textured surface strip material from a smooth surface strip material by a cold-forming process or series of processes. The produced welded textured tubes may be used in condensers, evaporators, heat exchangers, and other similar heat transfer apparatus in diameters up to and including 1.5 in. (38.1 mm) for various wall thicknesses up to and including 0.07 in. (1.78 mm).  
1.2 The tubing sizes and thicknesses usually furnished to this specification are 1/8 in. (3.2 mm) in inside diameter to 1.5 in. (38.1 mm) in outside diameter and 0.015 in. to 0.070 in. (0.4 mm to 1.78 mm), inclusive, in wall thickness. Tubing having other dimensions may be furnished provided such tubes comply with all other requirements of this specification.  
1.3 Mechanical property requirements do not apply to tubing smaller than 1/8 in. (3.2 mm) in inside diameter or for a wall thickness smaller than 0.015 in. (0.4 mm).  
1.4 Optional supplementary requirements are provided and, when one or more of these are desired, each shall be so stated in the order.  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5.1 Exception—Values given in inch-pound units are the standard except for grain size, which is stated in SI units.  
1.6 The following safety hazards caveat pertains to the test method described in this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous substance that can cause serious medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, has been demonstrated to be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Use caution when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for additional information. The potential exists that selling mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, is prohibited by local or national law. Users must determine legality of sales in their location.  
1...

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Sep-2020
• ICS: 23.040.15 - Non-ferrous metal pipes
• Technical Committee: B05 - Copper and Copper Alloys
• Drafting Committee: B05.04 - Pipe and Tube

Relations

• Refers: ASTM E8/E8M-24 - Standard Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2024
• Refers: ASTM B950-23 - Standard Guide for Editorial Procedures and Form of Product Specifications for Copper and Copper Alloys
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2023
• Refers: ASTM B846-19a - Standard Terminology for Copper and Copper Alloys
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2019
• Refers: ASTM E2575-19 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Oxygen in Copper and Copper Alloys by Inert Gas Fusion
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-2019
• Refers: ASTM B577-19 - Standard Test Methods for Detection of Cuprous Oxide (Hydrogen Embrittlement Susceptibility) in Copper
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2019
• Refers: ASTM B846-19 - Standard Terminology for Copper and Copper Alloys
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2019
• Refers: ASTM B601-18a - Standard Classification for Temper Designations for Copper and Copper Alloys—Wrought and Cast
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2018
• Refers: ASTM E243-18 - Standard Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy Current) Examination of Copper and Copper-Alloy Tubes
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2018
• Refers: ASTM B858-06(2018) - Standard Test Method for Ammonia Vapor Test for Determining Susceptibility to Stress Corrosion Cracking in Copper Alloys
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2018
• Refers: ASTM B601-18 - Standard Classification for Temper Designations for Copper and Copper Alloys—Wrought and Cast
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2018
• Refers: ASTM B950-17 - Standard Guide for Editorial Procedures and Form of Product Specifications for Copper and Copper Alloys
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2017
• Refers: ASTM B601-16 - Standard Classification for Temper Designations for Copper and Copper Alloys—Wrought and Cast
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2016
• Refers: ASTM E8/E8M-16 - Standard Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
• Effective Date: 15-Jul-2016
• Refers: ASTM B577-16 - Standard Test Methods for Detection of Cuprous Oxide (Hydrogen Embrittlement Susceptibility) in Copper
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2016
• Refers: ASTM B950-16 - Standard Guide for Editorial Procedures and Form of Product Specifications for Copper and Copper Alloys
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2016

Overview

ASTM B1014-20 is the Standard Specification for Welded Copper and Copper Alloy Condenser and Heat Exchanger Tubes with a Textured Surface(s), developed by ASTM International. This specification outlines the requirements for manufacturing welded copper or copper alloy tubes-featuring a longitudinal seam without filler metal-for diameters up to 1.5 inches (38.1 mm). These tubes are specifically engineered with textured surfaces, both internal, external, or both, achieved through a cold-forming process for use in condensers, evaporators, heat exchangers, and general engineering applications.

The standard addresses a range of copper and copper alloy UNS designations, including but not limited to: C10100 (Oxygen-Free-Electronic), C12000 (Phosphorus-Deoxidized, low phosphorus), C44300 (Admiralty, Arsenical), C70600 (Copper-Nickel 10%), and C71500 (Copper-Nickel 30%). Tubing covered under this specification is essential for applications where improved heat transfer or fluid flow performance is required.

Key Topics

• Types of Tubes and Alloys
  The standard covers welded tubes made from various copper and copper alloy UNS Nos. recognized for excellent thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance.

• Textured Surface Requirements
  Tubes must have a defined textured surface-internal, external, or both-produced by modifying smooth strip material via cold forming, resulting in enhanced heat exchanger efficiency.

• Dimensional Specifications

  • Tubing sizes from 1/8 inch (3.2 mm) ID to 1.5 inch (38.1 mm) OD
  • Wall thickness from 0.015 inch to 0.070 inch (0.4 mm to 1.78 mm)
  • Other dimensions are permitted if all requirements are met

• Mechanical and Performance Properties
  Mechanical requirements apply to most tubing, except very small sizes or thin walls. Specifications include tensile strength, expansion, and hardness as well as grain size for annealed tubes.

• Ordering Options and Supplementary Requirements
  The standard provides guidelines for ordering, including required information such as alloy, temper, dimensions, and optional tests (e.g., eddy current, embrittlement, cleanliness, and pressure resistance).

• Safety and Environmental Considerations
  Users must establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices. Special attention is drawn to handling mercury and mercury-containing products.

Applications

ASTM B1014-20 is designed to support advanced manufacturing and maintenance demands across industries, notably in:

• Heat Transfer Systems
  Employed in surface condensers, evaporators, and heat exchangers, where textured tube surfaces enhance heat transfer and optimize fluid flow for greater thermal performance.

• Power Generation
  Many power plants use these copper or copper alloy tubes in turbine condenser systems for efficient cooling.

• HVAC and Refrigeration
  Applied in air conditioning and refrigeration systems where improved energy efficiency and durability are essential.

• Marine and Chemical Processing
  The inherent corrosion resistance and improved surface area provided by textured tubes make them suitable for marine heat exchangers and chemical plant equipment.

• General Engineering
  Utilized whenever superior heat transfer or specific mechanical properties are needed in engineered tube solutions.

Related Standards

For comprehensive implementation, familiarity with related standards is valuable:

• ASTM B224 - Classification of Coppers
• ASTM B601 - Classification for Temper Designations for Copper and Copper Alloys
• ASTM B577 - Test Methods for Detection of Cuprous Oxide (Hydrogen Embrittlement)
• ASTM E8/E8M - Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
• ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code - For pressure applications

These documents provide requirements for material classification, testing, and safety practices relevant to the production and use of welded copper and copper alloy tubes with textured surfaces.

---

Adhering to ASTM B1014-20 ensures reliability, safety, and optimal performance in critical heat transfer and process systems, supporting energy efficiency and innovation across major industrial sectors.

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:B1014 −20
Standard Specification for
Welded Copper and Copper Alloy Condenser and Heat
Exchanger Tubes with a Textured Surface(s)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B1014; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope diameters up to and including 1.5 in. (38.1 mm) for various
wall thicknesses up to and including 0.07 in. (1.78 mm).
1.1 This specification describes the production of welded
1.2 The tubing sizes and thicknesses usually furnished to
copper and copper alloy tubes with a longitudinal seam free of
filler metal produced from sheet or strip up to 1.5 in. this specification are ⁄8 in. (3.2 mm) in inside diameter to
(38.1 mm), in diameter for use in surface condensers, 1.5 in. (38.1 mm) in outside diameter and 0.015 in. to 0.070 in.
evaporators, heat exchangers, and general engineering appli- (0.4 mm to 1.78 mm), inclusive, in wall thickness. Tubing
cations. The following coppers or copper alloys are involved: having other dimensions may be furnished provided such tubes
comply with all other requirements of this specification.
Copper UNS Nos. Type of Copper
A
C10100 Oxygen-Free-Electronic (OFE)
A
1.3 Mechanical property requirements do not apply to
C10200 Oxygen-Free, without residual deoxidants (OF)
A 1
C10300 Oxygen-Free, low phosphorus (OFXLP) tubing smaller than ⁄8 in. (3.2 mm) in inside diameter or for a
A
C10800 Oxygen-Free Copper, low phosphorus (OFLP)
wall thickness smaller than 0.015 in. (0.4 mm).
A
C12000 Phosphorus-Deoxidized, low residual phosphorus (DLP)
A
C12200 Phosphorus-Deoxidized, high residual phosphorus (DHP)
1.4 Optional supplementary requirements are provided and,
C14200 Phosphorus-Deoxidized, arsenical (DPA)
when one or more of these are desired, each shall be so stated
C15630 Nickel Phosphorus
C19200 Phosphorized, 1 % iron in the order.
C23000 Red Brass, 85 %
C44300 Admiralty, Arsenical 1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
C44400 Admiralty, Antimonial
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
C44500 Admiralty, Phosphorized
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
C60800 Aluminum Bronze
C68700 Aluminum Brass, Arsenical
and are not considered standard.
C70400 Copper-Nickel, 5 %
1.5.1 Exception—Values given in inch-pound units are the
C70600 Copper-Nickel, 10 %
standard except for grain size, which is stated in SI units.
C70620 Copper-Nickel, 10 % (modified for welding)
C71000 Copper-Nickel, 20 %
1.6 The following safety hazards caveat pertains to the test
C71500 Copper-Nickel, 30 %
C71520 Copper-Nickel, 30 % (modified for welding)
method described in this specification: This standard does not
C72200 .
purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated
with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard
A
Designations listed in Classification B224.
to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental
1.1.1 The (1)externaltubesurface, (2)internaltubesurface, practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-
or (3) both internal and external tube surfaces of these tubes tions prior to use.
shall have a textured surface for improved heat transfer or fluid
1.7 Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agen-
flow, or both. The strip material used to produce the textured
cies as a hazardous substance that can cause serious medical
surface tubes have been modified to form a textured surface
issues. Mercury, or its vapor, has been demonstrated to be
strip material from a smooth surface strip material by a
hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Use caution
cold-forming process or series of processes. The produced
when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See
welded textured tubes may be used in condensers, evaporators,
the applicable product Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for additional
heat exchangers, and other similar heat transfer apparatus in
information. The potential exists that selling mercury or
mercury-containing products, or both, is prohibited by local or
national law. Users must determine legality of sales in their
location.
ThisspecificationisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeB05onCopper
and CopperAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.04 on Pipe
1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-
and Tube.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2020. Published November 2020. DOI:
10.1520/B1014-20. ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
B1014−20
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- 3. Terminology
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms related to copper
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
and copper alloys, refer to Terminology B846.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
2. Referenced Documents
3.2.1 lengths, mill, n—straight lengths, including ends that
are conveniently manufactured in the mills.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.2.1.1 Discussion—Full-length pieces are usually 10 ft,
B153 Test Method for Expansion (Pin Test) of Copper and
12 ft, or 20 ft (3 m, 3.7 m, or 6.1 m) and subject to established
Copper-Alloy Pipe and Tubing
length tolerances.
B154 Test Method for Mercurous Nitrate Test for Copper
Alloys 3.2.2 lengths, stock, n—straight lengths that are mill cut and
B170 Specification for Oxygen-Free Electrolytic Copper— stored in advance of orders.
Refinery Shapes 3.2.2.1 Discussion—Stock lengths are usually 6 ft to 20 ft
(1.8 m to 6.1 m) and subject to established tolerances.
B224 Classification of Coppers
B577 Test Methods for Detection of Cuprous Oxide (Hydro-
3.2.3 % of secondary pattern, n—combination of secondary
gen Embrittlement Susceptibility) in Copper
characters.
B601 Classification forTemper Designations for Copper and
3.2.4 plain ending, n—portion of the tube that has no
Copper Alloys—Wrought and Cast
surface texture.
B846 Terminology for Copper and Copper Alloys
3.2.5 primary character, n—largest texture impressed on
B858 Test Method forAmmoniaVaporTest for Determining
material.
Susceptibility to Stress Corrosion Cracking in Copper
Alloys 3.2.6 primary pattern, n—combination of primary charac-
B950 Guide for Editorial Procedures and Form of Product ters.
Specifications for Copper and Copper Alloys
3.2.7 secondary characters, n—fadeout texture impressed
B968/B968M Test Method for Flattening of Copper and
on material.
Copper-Alloy Pipe and Tube
3.2.8 textured surface, n—impressing a series of non-linear
E3 Guide for Preparation of Metallographic Specimens
characters on textures into the material with the intent of
E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Ma-
improving heat transfer and fluid flow characteristics in the
terials
final welded tube.
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
3.3 Symbols (Textured Tube Nomenclature):
Determine Conformance with Specifications
3.3.1 D—outside tube diameter-nominal
E53 Test Method for Determination of Copper in Unalloyed
Copper by Gravimetry
3.3.2 D —inside tube diameter
i
E62 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper and
3.3.3 ID1—top of primary to bottom of secondary
CopperAlloys (Photometric Methods) (Withdrawn 2010)
3.3.4 ID2—top of primary to top of secondary
E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
3.3.5 ID3—top of secondary to top of secondary
E118 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper-
Chromium Alloys (Withdrawn 2010)
3.3.6 ID4—top of primary to bottom of primary at intersec-
E243 Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy Current) Examina-
tion of the base (each on opposite sides of the tube)
tion of Copper and Copper-Alloy Tubes
3.3.7 ID5—top of primary to top of primary (each on
E255 Practice for Sampling Copper and Copper Alloys for
opposite sides of the tube)
the Determination of Chemical Composition
3.3.8 ID6—top of secondary to bottom of secondary
E478 Test Methods for ChemicalAnalysis of CopperAlloys
3.3.9 Pa—angle of the primary character unit (if any)
E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the
Unified Numbering System (UNS)
3.3.10 Pa—angle of the secondary character unit (if any)
E2575 Test Method for Determination of Oxygen in Copper
3.3.11 Pc—primary pattern center spacing
and Copper Alloys by Inert Gas Fusion
3.3.12 Pd—primary pattern character diameter
2.2 ASME Code:
3.3.13 Phi—primary pattern height (inside)
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Application
3.3.14 Pho—primary pattern height (outside)
3.3.15 Sc—secondary pattern center spacing
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
3.3.16 Sd—secondary pattern character diameter
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
3.3.17 Shi—secondary pattern character (inside)
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
3.3.18 Sho—secondary pattern height (outside)
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org.
3.3.19 W—wall thickness (no pattern)
Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME
3.3.20 W1—wall thickness peak inside to valley outside
International Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://
www.asme.org. (secondary pattern)
B1014−20
FIG. 1Views of Representative Textured Tube Showing Variables that Describe Possible Primary and Secondary Texturizations that
may be Applied to Inside Surface of Tube, Outside Surface of Tube, or Both Inside and Outside Surfaces of Tube
3.3.21 W2—wall thickness valley inside to peak outside 4. Types of Welded Tubes
(secondary pattern)
4.1 The following types of welded tubes are manufactured
3.3.22 W3—wall thickness base of primary pattern
under this specification:
4.1.1 As-Welded Tube—A condition created as a result of
3.3.23 W4—wall thickness in wall of the primary character
forming sheet or plate into tubular form and welding without
3.4 Fig. 1 illustrates a representative textured tube showing
subsequent heat treatment or cold work.
variables that describe the possible primary and secondary
4.1.2 Welded and annealed tube annealed to produce a
enhancements that may be applied to the inside surface of a
uniform grain size appropriate to the specified annealed tem-
tube, outside surface of the tube, or both the inside and outside
per.
surfaces of the tube (a) longitudinal view (b) cross-sectional
view.
5. Ordering Information
3.5 Fig. 2 details are regarding the sample representative
5.1 Include the following specified choices when placing
geometry of the patterns used to enhance the flat strip material
orders for product under this specification, as applicable:
before it is used to create a welded tube. One, both, or more
5.1.1 ASTM designations and year of issue.
patterns may be used and combined. Each pattern is made up
5.1.2 Copper [Alloy] UNS No. (or other internationally
of a variety of possible shapes. See Fig. 2(a) Sample secondary
recognized copper [alloy]) designation.
(background) surface and Fig. 2(b) Sample primary surface.
5.1.3 Heat Treatment—Annealing may be performed in-
3.6 In Fig. 3, details are given regarding the wall thickness line, post-production, or customer-specified.
of the representative sample geometry of the patterns used to 5.1.4 Temper (Section 8).
enhance the flat strip material before it is used to create a 5.1.5 Dimensions—Specified in English or SI units with
welded tube. one-unit system used throughout.
NOTE 1—One, both, or more patterns may be used and combined; each pattern made up of a variety of possible shapes.
FIG. 2Details regarding Sample Representative Geometry of Patterns Used to Texture Flat Strip Material before it is Used
to Create Welded Tube
B1014−20
FIG. 3Details regarding Wall Thickness of Representative Sample Geometry of Patterns Used to Texture Flat Strip Material
before it is Used to Create Welded Tube
5.1.5.1 See Fig. 1 for the nominal tube outside diameter and 5.2.12 If product is purchased for agencies of the U.S.
nominal tube wall thickness (wall thickness of the smooth strip government (see the Supplementary Requirements section of
material); average effective wall thickness of the finished tube Guide B950); and
and minimum (specified wall thickness of the tube); wall 5.2.13 If product is ordered for ASME Boiler and Pressure
thickness of the finished tube will be specified; length and Vessel Code Application (see Section 20, Certifications).
location of untextured surfaces (if any); and the total tube
6. Materials and Manufacture
length or random lengths.
5.1.5.2 Configuration of Textured Surfaces—See Fig. 2 6.1 Materials:
(secondary pattern, secondary pattern depth, secondary pattern 6.1.1 The material of manufacture shall be sheet or strip of
height, pitch of the secondary pattern, pitch of the primary one of the listed Copper UNS alloys and may be cold worked
patterndepth,andsoforth)shallbeasagreeduponbetweenthe or annealed to a suitable finish for processing into the products
manufacturer and purchaser. prescribed herein.
5.1.5.3 Additional specifications may include the various 6.1.2 When specified in the contract or purchase order that
inside or outside diameters (see Fig. 1); textured wall thickness heat identification or traceability is required, the purchaser
values (see Fig. 3); length and location of untextured sections; shall specify the details desired.
tube end finish, if required; effective diameter and wall
6.2 Manufacture:
thickness of the textured section; number of secondary en-
6.2.1 Thetexturedtubesshallbemanufacturedfromsmooth
hancement character units per unit length; number of primary
strip material that has been textured by cold working on one or
enhancement character units per unit length; and the total tube
both surfaces before being formed into a tube.
length.
6.2.2 Textured tubes may be furnished with untextured
5.1.6 How furnished: straight lengths or coils.
outside surface diameter ends but also may be furnished with
5.1.7 Quantity—total weight, or total length, or number of
textured outside surface diameter ends depending on the
pieces of each size.
specification. Tubes produced with untextured ends may or
5.1.8 Packaging.
may not also include untextured sections in areas of the tube
5.1.9 Intended application.
other than the ends (landings).
5.2 The following options are available but may not be
6.2.3 Any tests that are specified and required shall be
included unless specified at the time of placing of the order, performed on textured lengths of the tube in accordance with
when required: this specification and need not be performed on both the
5.2.1 Heat identification or traceability details; textured and the plain section of the tube.
5.2.2 Electromagnetic (eddy current) examination; 6.2.4 The enhancements shall be produced by the cold
5.2.3 Embrittlement test; formingofthematerialstrip.Tocomplywiththisspecification,
5.2.4 Expansion test; the enhancement material and smooth tube material shall be
5.2.5 Flattening test; considered homogeneous in composition.
5.2.6 Certification; 6.2.5 The welded (WLD) tubes shall be made from strip
5.2.7 Test Report; material using an automatic welding process with no addition
5.2.8 Type of welded tube production and any additional of filler metal.
weld requirements; 6.2.5.1 Welding shall be accomplished by any process that
5.2.9 Flash treatment, if any; produces a fusion weld.
5.2.10 Microscopical examination microphotographs; 6.2.5.2 Fusion-Welded Tube—Theedgesofthestripshallbe
5.2.11 Customer inspection; brought together and welded, usually by a gas tungsten arc
B1014−20
welding (GTAW) process, without the addition of filler metal, 8.3.1.2 As-welded textured strip produced from half-hard
causing a fusion-type joint to be formed with no internal or strip WM02, and
external flash. 8.3.1.3 As-welded textured strip produced from hard strip
6.2.6 Subsequent to welding and before final heat treatment, WM04.
8.3.2 Welded and Annealed:
the tubes may not be cold worked either in both weld and base
metal or in weld area only. Cold working or drawing the tube 8.3.2.1 Welded textured strip and annealed WO61, and
8.3.2.2 Welded textured strip and light annealed W050.
is not permitted.
9. Grain Size for Annealed Welded Tube
7. Chemical Composition
9.1 Grain size shall be the standard requirement for all
7.1 The heat analysis shall conform to the chemical com-
products in the annealed tempers.
position requirements in Table 1 for the Copper or Copper
9.2 Acceptance or rejection based upon grain size shall be
Alloy UNS No. designation specified in the ordering informa-
by an examination at a magnification of 75 diameters. The
tion.
grain size shall be determined in the wall of the textured tube.
7.2 These composition limits do not preclude the presence
The microstructure shall show complete recrystallization.
ofotherelements.Byagreementbetweenthemanufacturerand
9.3 Average grain size shall be within limits agreed upon
the purchaser, limits may be established, and analysis required
between the manufacturer and purchaser.
for unnamed elements supplied in the temper required for a
smooth tube.
9.4 Some annealed tubes, when subjected to aggressive
environments, may be subject to stress-corrosion cracking
7.3 For Copper Alloy UNS No. C19400, copper may be
failure because of the residual tensile stresses developed in
taken as the difference between the sum of all the elements
straightening. For such applications, it is recommended that
analyzed and 100 %. When all the elements in Table 1 are
tubes of Copper Alloy UNS Nos. C23000, C44300, C44400,
analyzed, their sum shall be 99.8 % minimum.
C44500,C60800,andC68700besubjectedtoastressrelieving
7.3.1 For copper alloys in which copper is specified as the
thermal treatment subsequent to straightening. When required,
remainder, copper may be taken as the difference between the
this shall be specified in the purchase order or contract.
sum of all the elements analyzed and 100 %.
Tolerance for roundness and length, and the condition for
7.3.1.1 Copper Alloy UNS Nos. C70400, C70600, C70620,
straightness for tube so ordered shall be to the requirements
C71000, C71500, and C71520—When all the elements in
agreed upon between the manufacturer and purchaser.
Table 1 are analyzed, their sum shall be 99.5 % minimum.
7.3.1.2 Copper Alloy UNS No. C72200—When all the
10. Mechanical Property Requirements
elements in Table 1 are analyzed, their sum shall be 99.8 %
10.1 For the textured tube produced, the untextured portion
minimum.
of the textured tube shall conform to the values in Table 2.
7.3.2 For copper alloys in which zinc is specified as the
10.1.1 Welded or welded/annealed tubes furnished under
remainder, either copper or zinc may be taken as the difference
this specification shall conform to the tensile strength require-
between the sum of all the elements analyzed and 100 %.
ments prescribed in Table 3 when tested in accordance with
7.3.2.1 Copper Alloy UNS No. C23000—When all the
Test Methods E8/E8M.
elements in Table 1 are analyzed, their sum shall be 99.8 %
10.1.2 The tubing specified shall conform to the tensile
minimum.
values prescribed here or values agreed upon between the
7.3.2.2 Copper Alloy UNS Nos. C44300, C44400, and
producer and the customer.
C44500—When all the elements in Table 1 are analyzed, their
10.1.3 Acceptance or rejection based on mechanical prop-
sum shall be 99.6 % minimum.
erties shall depend only on tensile strength.
7.3.2.3 Copper Alloy UNS No. C68700—When all the
10.2 Minimum Wall Thickness—Amethod to measure mini-
elements in Table 1 are analyzed, their sum shall be 99.5 %.
mum wall thickness is determined in 13.2. The minimum wall
thickness specification should be specified in the purchase
8. Temper
order. Tolerances will vary in the textured portion. Wall
8.1 The textured tube produced shall normally be supplied
thickness tolerances for welded tubes are shown in Table 4.
inthetemperrequiredforasmoothtube.Whenspecifiedbythe
10.3 If disagreement arises between the grain size require-
purchaser for bending, coiling, or other fabricating operations,
ment and the mechanical property requirements for annealed
textured and untextured portions of the tube may be stress
tempers, the mechanical property requirements take prece-
relieved annealed or solution annealed.
dence.
8.2 Material shall be furnished in the heat-treated condition
10.4 Brinell or Rockwell Hardness Requirements:
in accordance with the requirements of smooth tubes.
10.4.1 Hardness test Brinell or Rockwell hardness tests
8.3 Tempers, as defined in Classification B601 of the
shall be made on specimens from two tubes from each lot. If
various tube types, are as follows:
hardness values are taken from textured tube sections, cross-
8.3.1 Textured Strip As-Welded: sectional micro-hardness values should be taken.
8.3.1.1 As-welded textured strip produced from annealed 10.4.2 The hardness value shall be evaluated in both the
strip WM50, textured and untextured sections (if both are present).
B1014−20
TABLE 1 Chemical Composition
Copper or Composition, %
Copper
Alloy UNS
No. (see
Nickel, incl Other Named
Copper Tin Aluminum Lead, max Iron Zinc Manganese Arsenic Antimony Phosphorus Chromium
Practice
Cobalt Elements
E527)
A, B
C10100 99.99 min 0.0002 max . 0.0010 max 0.0005 0.0010 max 0.0001 max 0.00005 max 0.0005 max 0.0004 max 0.0003 max . Te 0.0002
C, D, E
C10200 99.95 min . . . . . . . . . . . .
C, F, G
C10300 99.95 min . . . . . . . . . 0.001 to . .
0.005
C, F, G
C10800 99.95 min . . . . . . . . . 0.005 to . .
0.012
C
C12000 99.90 min . . . . . . . . . 0.004 to . .
0.012
C
C12200 99.9 min . . . . . . . . . 0.015 to . .
0.040
C
C14200 99.4 min . . . . . . . 0.15 to 0.50 . 0.015 to . .
0.040
C, H I
C15630 remainder . . 0.60 to 0.90 . . . . . . 0.015 to . .
0.040
J
C19200 98.5 min . . . . 0.8 to 1.2 0.20 max . . . 0.01 to 0.04 . .
J
C23000 84.0–86.0 . . . 0.05 0.05 max remainder . . . . . .
K
C44300 70.0–73.0 0.9 to 1.2 . . 0.07 0.06 max remainder . 0.02 to 0.06 . . . .
K
C44400 70.0–73.0 0.9 to 1.2 . . 0.07 0.06 max remainder . . 0.02 to 0.10 . . .
K
C44500 70.0–73.0 0.9 to 1.2 . . 0.07 0.06 max remainder . . . 0.02 to 0.10 . .
C, H
C60800 remainder . 5.0 to 6.5 . 0.10 0.10 max . . 0.02 to 0.35 . . . .
C, H
C68700 76.0–79.0 . 1.8 to 2.5 . 0.07 0.06 max remainder . 0.02 to 0.06 . . . .
C, H
C70400 remainder . . 4.8 to 6.2 0.05 1.3 to 1.7 1.0 max 0.30 to 0.8 . . . . .
C, H
C70600 remainder . . 9.0 to 11.0 0.05 1.0 to 1.8 1.0 max 1.0 max . . . . .
C, H
C70620 86.5 min . . 9.0 to 11.0 0.02 1.0 to 1.8 0.5 max 1.0 max . . 0.02 max . 0.50 C max
0.02 S max
C, H, L
C71000 remainder . . 19.0 to 23.0 0.05 1.0 max 1.0 max 1.0 max . . . . .
C, H
C71500 remainder . . 29.0 to 33.0 0.05 0.40 to 1.0 1.0 max 1.0 max . . . . .
G, H
C71520 65.0 min . . 29.0 to 33.0 0.02 0.40 to 1.0 0.50 max 1.0 max . . 0.02 max . 0.05 C max
0.02 S max
C, J, L
C72200 remainder . . 15.0 to 18.0 0.05 0.50 to 1.0 1.0 max 1.0 max . . . 0.30 to 0.70 0.03 Si
0.03 Ti
A
Thisvalueisexclusiveofsilverandshallbedeterminedbydifferenceof“impuritytotal”from100%.“Impuritytotal”isdefinedasthesumofsulfur,silver,lead,tin,bismuth,arsenic,antimony,iron,nickel,zinc,phosphorus,
selenium, tellurium, manganese, cadmium, and oxygen present in the sample.
B
Other impurity maximums for C10100 shall be bismuth and cadmium 0.0001 each, oxygen 0.0005, selenium 0.0003, silver 0.0025, and sulfur 0.0015.
C
Copper (including silver).
D
Oxygen in C10200 shall be 0.0010 max.
E
Cu is determined by the difference in the impurity total and 100 %.
F
Copper plus sum of named elements shall be 99.95 % min.
G
Includes P.
H
Cu + Sum of Named Elements, 99.5 % min.
I
Not including Co.
J
Cu + Sum of Named Elements, 99.8 % min.
K
Cu + Sum of Named Elements, 99.6 % min.
L
When the product is for subsequent welding applications, and so specified in the contract or purchase order, zinc shall be 0.50 % max, lead 0.02 % max, phosphorus 0.02 % max, sulfur 0.02 % max, and carbon 0.05 %
max.
B1014−20
TABLE 2 Expansion Requirements
Temper Designation
Expansion of Tube Outside Diameter in Percent of
Copper or Copper Alloy UNS No.
Original Outside Diameter
Standard Former
O61 annealed C10100, C10200, C10300, C10800, 30
C12000, C12200, C14200
O62 heavy anneal C10100, C10200, C10300, C10800, 30
C12000, C12200, C14200
H55 light-drawn C10100, C10200, C10300, C10800, 20
C12000, C12200, C14200
O61 annealed C15630 40
O61 annealed C19200 30
O61 annealed C23000 20
O61 annealed C44300, C44400, C44500 20
O61 annealed C60800 20
O61 annealed C68700 20
O61 annealed C70400 30
O61 annealed C70600, C70620 30
O61 annealed C71000 30
O61 annealed C71500, C71520 30
O61 annealed C72200 30
TABLE 3 Tensile Requirements
A
Temper Designation Tensile Strength, min Yield Strength, min
Copper or
B B
Copper Alloy UNS No.
Standard Former ksi (MPa) ksi (MPa)
C
C10100, C10200, C10300, O61 annealed 30 (205) 9 (62)
C10800, C12000, C12200,
C14200
C
C10100, C10200, C10300, O62 heavy anneal 30 (205) 6.5 (45)
C10800, C12000, C12200,
C14200
C10100, C10200, C10300, H55 light-drawn 36 (250) 30 (205)
C10800, C12000, C12200,
C14200
C15630 O61 annealed 30 (205) 8 (55)
C19200 O61 annealed 38 (260) 12 (85)
C23000 O61 annealed 40 (275) 12 (85)
C44300, C44400, C44500 O61 annealed 45 (310) 15 (105)
C60800 O61 annealed 50 (345) 19 (130)
C68700 O61 annealed 50 (345) 18 (125)
C70400 O61 annealed 38 (260) 12 (85)
C70600 O61 annealed 40 (275) 15 (105)
C70620 O61 annealed 40 (275) 15 (105)
C71000 O61 annealed 45 (310) 16 (110)
C71500 O61 annealed 52 (360) 18 (125)
C71520 O61 annealed 52 (360) 18 (125)
C72200 O61 annealed 45 (310) 16 (110)
A
At 0.5 % extension under load.
B
ksi = 1000 psi.
C
Light straightening operation is permitted.
TABLE 4 Diameter Tolerances
thickness which are produced from the same heat of material. When final
heattreatmentisinabatchtypefurnacealotshallincludeonlythosetubes
Specified Diameter, Tolerance,
of the same size and same heat which are heat treated in the same furnace.
in. (mm) in. (mm)
0.500 (12.0) and under ±0.002 (0.050)
11. Performance Requirements
Over 0.500 to 0.740 (12.0 to 18.0), incl. ±0.0025 (0.063)
Over 0.740 to 1.000 (18.0 to 25.0), incl ±0.003 (0.076)
11.1 Physical Property Requirement:
Over 1.000 As agreed upon
11.1.1 When specified in the contract or purchase order,
tube furnished in annealed tempers shall be capable of with-
standing expansion in accordance with Test Method B1
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