ASTM C969-02(2009)
(Practice)Standard Practice for Infiltration and Exfiltration Acceptance Testing of Installed Precast Concrete Pipe Sewer Lines
Standard Practice for Infiltration and Exfiltration Acceptance Testing of Installed Precast Concrete Pipe Sewer Lines
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This is not a routine test. The values recorded are applicable only to the sewer being tested and at the time of testing.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures for testing installed precast concrete pipe sewer lines using either water infiltration or exfiltration acceptance limits to demonstrate the integrity of the installed materials and construction procedure.
1.2 This practice is the inch-pound companion to Practice C 969M; therefore, no SI equivalents are presented in the practice.
Note 1—The owner shall specify the following: who will conduct, observe, and furnish labor, furnish material and measuring devices, and pay for the tests; who is responsible for determining local groundwater conditions; and which test is to be conducted, that is, an infiltration test or an exfiltration test.
Note 2—The user of this practice is advised that test criteria presented in this practice are similar to those in general use. Pipe, 24-in. diameter or larger, may be accepted by visual inspection when testing for infiltration.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:C969 −02 (Reapproved 2009)
Standard Practice for
Infiltration and Exfiltration Acceptance Testing of Installed
Precast Concrete Pipe Sewer Lines
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C969; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 4. Summary of Practice
4.1 Determine the groundwater conditions surrounding the
1.1 This practice covers procedures for testing installed
section of sewer to be tested and select the type of test to be
precast concrete pipe sewer lines using either water infiltration
conducted.
or exfiltration acceptance limits to demonstrate the integrity of
the installed materials and construction procedure.
4.2 For the infiltration test, the amount of water leaking into
the sewer line is measured, and the rate of infiltration is
1.2 This practice is the inch-pound companion to Practice
determined. If the rate is less than or equal to the allowable
C969M; therefore, no SI equivalents are presented in the
limit, the section of sewer tested is acceptable.
practice.
4.3 For the exfiltration test, the sewer line is filled with
NOTE 1—The owner shall specify the following: who will conduct,
water to the specified test head and the rate of water loss is
observe, and furnish labor, furnish material and measuring devices, and
determined. If the rate is less than or equal to the allowable
pay for the tests; who is responsible for determining local groundwater
limit, the section of sewer tested is acceptable.
conditions; and which test is to be conducted, that is, an infiltration test or
an exfiltration test.
5. Significance and Use
NOTE 2—The user of this practice is advised that test criteria presented
in this practice are similar to those in general use. Pipe, 24-in. diameter or
5.1 This is not a routine test. The values recorded are
larger, may be accepted by visual inspection when testing for infiltration.
applicable only to the sewer being tested and at the time of
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
testing.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
6. Preparation of the Sewer Line
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
6.1 The sewer shall should be free of debris prior to testing.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
6.2 The manholes, the ends of the branches, laterals, wyes
and stubs to be included in the test shall be plugged. All plugs
2. Referenced Documents
shall be secured to prevent leakage blowout due to testing
2.1 ASTM Standards: pressure.
C822 Terminology Relating to Concrete Pipe and Related
7. Procedure
Products
7.1 Infiltration Testing:
7.1.1 Conduct testing from manhole to manhole or between
3. Terminology
more than two manholes. The length of main tested shall not
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms relating to con-
exceed 700 ft.
crete pipe, see Terminology C822.
7.1.2 Stop all dewatering operations and allow the ground-
water to return to its normal level. Infiltration testing shall not
be used unless the groundwater level is at least 2 ft above the
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C13 on Concrete
crown of the pipe for the entire length of the test section.
Pipe and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C13.09 on Methods of Test.
7.1.3 Plug all pipe outlets discharging into the upstream
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2009.PublishedJuly2009.Originallyapproved
manhole.
in 1982. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as C969 – 02. DOI: 10.1520/
C0969-02R09.
7.1.4 Measure the groundwater elevation and determine the
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
average head over the test section.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
7.1.5 Measure infiltration leakage at the outlet of the test
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. section. Because leakage allowances are small, measurements
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
C969−02 (2009)
are best made by either timing the filling of a small container 8.1.1 For infiltration testing, the allowable leakage limit
of known volume, or by directing flow into a container for a including manholes is 200 gal/(in. of internal diameter) (mile
specified time and measuring the content, or by using small of sewer) (24 h) when the average head on the test section is 6
weirs. ft or less.
7.1.6 If the measured rate of leakage is less than or equal to
NOTE 3—The average head on the test section is the head above the
the allowable leakage in accordance with 8.1, the section of
crown of the pipe at the upstream manhole plus the head above the crown
sewer tested is acceptable.
of the pipe at the downstream manhole divided by two.
7.1.7 If the test section fails, it is not prohibited that it be
8.1.2 When the average groundwater head on the test
repaired and retested in accordance with this practice.
section is greater than 6 ft, the allowable leakage shall be
7.2 Exfiltration Testing: increased in proportion to the ratio of the square root of the
7.2.1 Conduct testing from manhole to manhole or between average groundwater head to the square root of the base head
more than two manholes. The length of main tested shall not of 6 ft.
exceed 700 ft. 8.1.3 Manholes shall be tested separately and independently
7.2.2 Determine the groundwater elevation at both ends of or with the pipeline with the allowance of 0.1 gal/(ft of
the test section. If the groundwater level is less than 2 ft above diamet
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:C969–94 (Reapproved 2000) Designation: C 969 – 02 (Reapproved 2009)
Standard Practice for
Infiltration and Exfiltration Acceptance Testing of Installed
Precast Concrete Pipe Sewer Lines
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 969; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers procedures for testing installed precast concrete pipe sewer lines using either water infiltration or
exfiltration acceptance limits to demonstrate the integrity of the installed materials and construction procedure.
1.2A complete metric companion to this practice has been developed—C969M; therefore, no metric equivalents are presented
in this practice.
1.2 This practice is the inch-pound companion to Practice C 969M; therefore, no SI equivalents are presented in the practice.
NOTE 1—The owner shouldshall specify the following: who will conduct, observe, and furnish labor, furnish material and measuring devices, and pay
for the tests; who is responsible for determining local groundwater conditions; and which test is to be conducted, that is, an infiltration test or an
exfiltration test.
NOTE 2—Theuserofthispracticeisadvisedthattestcriteriapresentedinthispracticearesimilartothoseingeneraluse.Pipe,24-in.diameterorlarger,
may be accepted by visual inspection when testing for infiltration.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C 822 Terminology Relating to Concrete Pipe and Related Products
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms relating to concrete pipe, see Terminology C 822.
4. Summary of Practice
4.1 Determine the groundwater conditions surrounding the section of sewer to be tested and select the type of test to be
conducted.
4.2 Fortheinfiltrationtest,theamountofwaterleakingintothesewerlineismeasured,andtherateofinfiltrationisdetermined.
If the rate is less than or equal to the allowable limit, the section of sewer tested is acceptable.
4.3 For the exfiltration test, the sewer line is filled with water to the recommendedspecified test head and the rate of water loss
is determined. If the rate is less than or equal to the allowable limit, the section of sewer tested is acceptable.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This is not a routine test. The values recorded are applicable only to the sewer being tested and at the time of testing.
6. Preparation of the Sewer Line
6.1 The sewer lineshall should be free of debris prior to testing.
6.2 The manholes, the ends of the branches, laterals, wyes and stubs to be included in the test shall be plugged.All plugs shall
be secured to prevent leakage blowout due to testing pressure.
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C13 on Concrete Pipe and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C13.09 on Methods of Test.
´1
Current edition approved July 15, 1994. Published September 1994. Originally published as C969–82. Last previous edition C969–82(1990) .
Current edition approved June 1, 2009. Published July 2009. Originally approved in 1982. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as C 969 – 02.
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
, Vol 04.05.volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
C 969 – 02 (2009)
7. Procedure
7.1 Infiltration Testing:
7.1.1 Conducttestingfrommanholetomanholeorbetweenmorethantwomanholes.Thelengthofmaintestedshallnotexceed
700 ft.
7.1.2 Stop all dewatering operations and allow the groundwater to return to its normal level. Infiltration testing shouldshall not
be used unless the groundwater level is at least 2 ft above the crown of the pipe for the entire length of the test section.
7.1.3 Plug all pipe outlets discharging into the upstream manhole.
7.1.4 Measure the groundwater elevation and determine the average head over the test section.
7.1.5 Measure infiltration leakage at the outlet of the test section. Because leakage allowances are small, measurements are best
made by either timing the filling of a small container of known volume, or by directing flow into a container for a specified time
and measuring the content, or by using small weirs.
7.1.6 If the measured rate of leakage is less than or equal to the allowable leakage in accordance with 8.1, the section of sewer
tested is acceptable.
7.1.7 If the test section fails, it mayis not prohibited that it be repaired and retested in accordance with this practice.
7.2 Exfiltration Testing:
7.2.1 Conducttestingfrommanholetomanholeorbetweenmorethantwomanholes.Thelengthofmaintestedshallnotexceed
700 ft.
7.2.2 Determine the groundwater elevation at both ends of the test section. If the groundwater level is less than 2 ft above the
crown of the pipe measured from the highest elevation of the sewer, the exfiltration test shouldshall be used.
7.2.3 Plug all pipe outlets discharging into the upstream manhole and the test section outlet. Fill the sewer line with water.
7.2.4 At the upstream manhole the test head shouldshall be established as minimum of 2 ft above the crown of the pipe, or at
least 2 ft above existing groundwater, whichever is higher.
7.2.5 Allow the pipe to re
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