ASTM D646-96(2007)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Grammage of Paper and Paperboard (Mass Per Unit Area) (Withdrawn 2010)
Standard Test Method for Grammage of Paper and Paperboard (Mass Per Unit Area) (Withdrawn 2010)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Most paper is bought and sold in accordance with its mass per unit area, and therefore the grammage has great significance both to the consumer and the producer in defining price. Also the values of many physical properties such as bursting strength, thickness, and bulk are interpreted and specified with regard to the particular grammage involved.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the grammage of paper and paperboard (mass per unit area). In English-speaking countries the customary or commercial practice of expressing the "weight" per unit area (more properly "mass per unit area") of paper has been "basis weight," "ream weight," or "substance," defined as the mass in pounds of a ream of a given sheet size and number of sheets (usually 500 sheets, occasionally 480 sheets). In most other countries and increasingly in English-speaking countries, the mass per unit area is expressed in grams per square metre. The French term for mass per unit area," grammage," is recommended by ISO Committee TC 6 on Paper for use in English as well as in French because of its convenience and clear relationship to grams per square metre.
1.2 The mass per unit area of paperboard has been expressed in the customary system as the mass in pounds per thousand square feet, and in the metric system as grams per square metre.
1.3 The SI metric units, in which grammage (mass per unit area) is expressed in grams per square metre (g/m2), are the preferred units for ASTM test methods for paper and paperboard.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This test method covers the determination of the grammage of paper and paperboard (mass per unit area). In English-speaking countries the customary or commercial practice of expressing the “weight” per unit area (more properly “mass per unit area”) of paper has been “basis weight,” “ream weight,” or “substance,” defined as the mass in pounds of a ream of a given sheet size and number of sheets (usually 500 sheets, occasionally 480 sheets). In most other countries and increasingly in English-speaking countries, the mass per unit area is expressed in grams per square metre. The French term for mass per unit area, “grammage,” is recommended by ISO Committee TC 6 on Paper for use in English as well as in French because of its convenience and clear relationship to grams per square metre.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee D06 on Paper and Paper Products, this test method was withdrawn in February 2010 because equivalent TAPPI and ISO publications exist.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
An American National Standard
Designation:D646–96 (Reapproved 2007) Technical Association of Pulp
and Paper Industry
Test Method T 410 om-88.
Standard Test Method for
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Grammage of Paper and Paperboard (Mass Per Unit Area)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D646; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
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1.1 This test method covers the determination of the gram- 2.1 ASTM Standards:
mage of paper and paperboard (mass per unit area). In D585 Practice for Sampling and Accepting a Single Lot of
English-speaking countries the customary or commercial prac- Paper, Paperboard, Fiberboard, and Related Product
tice of expressing the “weight” per unit area (more properly D685 Practice for Conditioning Paper and Paper Products
“mass per unit area”) of paper has been “basis weight,” “ream for Testing
weight,” or “substance,” defined as the mass in pounds of a
3. Summary of Test Method
ream of a given sheet size and number of sheets (usually 500
3.1 The area of several sheets of the paper or paperboard is
sheets, occasionally 480 sheets). In most other countries and
increasingly in English-speaking countries, the mass per unit determined from linear measurements and the mass (com-
monly called “weight”) is determined by weighing. The
area is expressed in grams per square metre. The French term
for mass per unit area,“ grammage,” is recommended by ISO grammage is calculated from the ratio of the mass to the area
after conversion to metric units when necessary.
Committee TC 6 on Paper for use in English as well as in
French because of its convenience and clear relationship to
4. Significance and Use
grams per square metre.
4.1 Most paper is bought and sold in accordance with its
1.2 The mass per unit area of paperboard has been ex-
mass per unit area, and therefore the grammage has great
pressed in the customary system as the mass in pounds per
significance both to the consumer and the producer in defining
thousand square feet, and in the metric system as grams per
price. Also the values of many physical properties such as
square metre.
bursting strength, thickness, and bulk are interpreted and
1.3 The SI metric units, in which grammage (mass per unit
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specified with regard to the particular grammage involved.
area) is expressed in grams per square metre (g/m ), are the
preferred units for ASTM test methods for paper and paper-
5. Apparatus
board.
5.1 Weighing Device, readable and accurate to within
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
0.25 % of the applied load. When in use, the weighing device
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
shall be shielded from air currents.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5.1.1 Special sheet-weighing devices designed to weigh test
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
specimensofagivensizemaybeused,providedthattheabove
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
conditions are fulfilled and that the total area of each test
specimen (see 6.3) in a single weighing is not less than 500
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D06 on Paper
cm (80 in. ).
and Paper Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D06.92 on
Standard Documents Relating to Paper and Paper Products.
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2007. Published August 2007. Originally
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approved in 1941. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D646 – 96 (2001). For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
This test method is related toTAPPIT 410 om-83, which is technically identical, contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
and is similar to International Standard ISO 536, Paper and Board—Determination Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
of Grammage. DOI: 10.1520/D0646-96R07. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D646–96 (2007)
5.1.2 For a test specimen of smaller total area, an analytical standard deviation of the individual areas is less than 0.25 % of
balance is essential to obtain the required accuracy. the mean area, in which case this mean area may be used for
5.2 Cutting Device, such as a “four square” cutter, or other calculating grammage in subsequent tests.
device for ensuring parallelism of
...
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