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ASTM D5617-04

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Multi-Axial Tension Test for Geosynthetics

Standard Test Method for Multi-Axial Tension Test for Geosynthetics

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the out-of-plane response of geosynthetics to a force that is applied perpendicular to the initial plane of the sample.
1.2 When the geosynthetic deforms to a prescribed geometric shape (segmented sphere or elliptic) formulations are provided to convert the test data to biaxial tensile stress-strain values. These formulations cannot be used for other geometric shapes. With other geometric shapes, comparative data on deformation versus pressure is obtained.
1.3 This test method is more commonly used to test geomembranes. Permeable materials may also be tested in conjunction with an impermeable material.
1.4 This test method requires a large diameter pressure vessel (greater than 450 mm). Information obtained from this test method may be more appropriate for design purposes than many small scale index tests such as Test Method D638 or Test Method D751 (Bursting Strength).
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for information only.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-May-2004
ICS
59.080.70 - Geotextiles
Technical Committee
D35 - Geosynthetics
Drafting Committee
D35.10 - Geomembranes
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D5617-99e1 - Standard Test Method for Multi-Axial Tension Test for Geosynthetics
Effective Date
01-Jun-2004
Replaced By
ASTM D5617-04(2010) - Standard Test Method for Multi-Axial Tension Test for Geosynthetics
Effective Date
01-Mar-2010
Referred By
ASTM D7106/D7106M-05(2023) - Standard Guide for Selection of Test Methods for Ethylene Propylene Diene Terpolymer (EPDM) Geomembranes
Effective Date
01-Jun-2004
Referred By
ASTM D6434-12(2018) - Standard Guide for the Selection of Test Methods for Flexible Polypropylene Geomembranes
Effective Date
01-Jun-2004
Referred By
ASTM D6455-11(2018) - Standard Guide for the Selection of Test Methods for Prefabricated Bituminous Geomembranes (PBGMs)
Effective Date
01-Jun-2004
Referred By
ASTM D4439-23b - Standard Terminology for Geosynthetics
Effective Date
01-Jun-2004
Referred By
ASTM E2777-20 - Standard Guide for Vegetative (Green) Roof Systems
Effective Date
01-Jun-2004

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ASTM D5617-04 - Standard Test Method for Multi-Axial Tension Test for GeosyntheticsASTM D5617-04 - Standard Test Method for Multi-Axial Tension Test for Geosynthetics
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ASTM D5617-04 - Standard Test Method for Multi-Axial Tension Test for Geosynthetics
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation:D5617–04
Standard Test Method for
1
Multi-Axial Tension Test for Geosynthetics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5617; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D6693 Test Method for Determining Tensile Properties of
Nonreinforced Polyethylene and Nonreinforced Flexible
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the out-of-
Polypropylene Geomembranes
plane response of geosynthetics to a force that is applied
D7003 Test Method for Strip Tensile Properties of Rein-
perpendicular to the initial plane of the sample.
forced Geomembranes
1.2 When the geosynthetic deforms to a prescribed geomet-
ric shape (arc of a sphere or ellipsoid) formulations are
3. Terminology
provided to convert the test data to biaxial tensile stress-strain
3.1 Definitions:
values. These formulations cannot be used for other geometric
3.1.1 geosynthetic, n—a planar product manufactured from
shapes. With other geometric shapes, comparative data on
polymeric material used with soil, rock, earth, or other geo-
deformation versus pressure is obtained.
technical engineering related material as an integral part of a
1.3 This test method is more commonly used to test
man-made project, structure, or system.
geomembranes. Permeable materials may also be tested in
3.1.2 multi-axial tension, n—stress in more than one direc-
conjunction with an impermeable material.
tion.
1.4 This test method requires a large diameter pressure
3.1.3 Fordefinitionsofothertermsusedinthistestmethod,
vessel (600 mm). Information obtained from this test method
refer to Terminology D4439.
may be more appropriate for design purposes than many small
scale index tests such as Test Method D6693 or Test Method
4. Summary of Test Method
D7003.
4.1 Apre-cut geosynthetic sample is secured at the edges of
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
a large diameter (600 mm) pressure vessel. Pressure is applied
standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for
to the sample to cause out-of-plane deformation and failure.
information only.
This deformation with pressure information can then be
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
analyzed to evaluate various materials.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5. Significance and Use
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
5.1 Installed geosynthetics are subjected to forces from
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
more than one direction including forces perpendicular to the
surfaces of the geosynthetic. Out of plane deformation of a
2. Referenced Documents
2 geosynthetic may be useful in evaluating materials for caps
2.1 ASTM Standards:
where subsidence of the subsoil may be problematic.
D4439 Terminology for Geosynthetics
5.2 Failure mechanisms on this test may be different com-
pared to other relatively small scale index tests and may be
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 on
beneficial for design purposes.
GeosyntheticsandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD35.10onGeomem-
5.3 In applications where local subsidence is expected, this
branes.
test can be considered a performance test.
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2004.PublishedJuly2004.Originallyapproved
e1
in 1994. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as D5617–99 . DOI: 10.1520/
NOTE 1—Although, this test specifies a vessel size of 600 mm, larger
D5617-04.
2 diameter vessels will better approximate field performance. However, the
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
user is cautioned that different size vessels may yield different results and
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
hence may not be comparable.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5617–04
5.4 For applications where geosynthetics cannot be de- 7.2 Cut the test specimen larger than the area of the main
formed in the fashion this test method prescribes, this test sealing force of the vessel.
method should be considered an index test. 7.3 If a permeable material such as a geotextile is being
5.5 Due to the time involved to perform this test method, it tested,animpermeablematerialsuchasageomembraneorthin
is not considered practical as a quality control test. plastic sheet has
...

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1.3 Measurements of one or more ultrasonic wave transmission characteristics are made based on the requirements of the specific testing program.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
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5.1 This test method is recommended for the evaluation of the performance of water-saturated soil-geotextile systems under unidirectional flow conditions. The results obtained may be used as an indication of the compatibility of the soil-geotextile system with respect to both particle retention and flow capacity.  
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1.2 Two evaluation methods may be used to investigate soil-geotextile filtration behavior, depending on the soil type:  
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1.2.2 For soils with a plasticity index of 5 or more, it is recommended to use Test Method D5567 (‘HCR,’ Hydraulic Conductivity Ratio) instead of this test method.  
1.2.3 If the plasticity index of the soil is close to 5, the involved parties shall agree on the selection of the appropriate method prior to conducting the test. This task may require comparison of the permeability of the soil-geotextile system to the detection limits of the HCR and Gradient Ratio Test (GRT) test apparatus being used.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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Standard Test Method for Determining Integrity of Seams Produced Using Thermo-Fusion Methods for Reinforced Geomembranes by the Strip Tensile Method

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4.1 The use of reinforced geomembranes as barrier materials has created a need for a standard test method to evaluate the quality of seams produced by thermo-fusion methods. This test method is used for quality control purposes and is intended to provide quality control and quality assurance personnel with data to evaluate seam quality.  
4.2 This standard arose from the need for a destructive test method for evaluating seams of reinforced geomembranes. Standards written for destructive testing of nonreinforced geomembranes do not include all break codes (Fig. 1) applicable to reinforced geomembranes.
FIG. 1 Break Codes for Dual Hot Wedge and Hot Air Seams of Reinforced Geomembranes Tested for Seam Strength in Shear and Peel Modes  
4.3 When reinforcement occurs in directions other than machine and cross-machine, scrim are cut at specimen edges, generally lowering results. To partially compensate for this, testing can be performed according to Test Method D7749 or the 2 in. wide strip specimen specified in this method can be utilized. Testing of 1 in. and 2 in. specimens is Method A and Method B, respectively.  
4.4 The shear test outlined in this method correlates to strength of parent material measured according to Test Method D7003/D7003M only if reinforcement is parallel to TD. For other materials, seam strength and parent material strength can be compared through Test Methods D7749 and D7004/D7004M. Values obtained with the strip methods shall not be compared to values obtained with grab methods.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes destructive quality control tests used to determine the integrity of thermo-fusion seams made with reinforced geomembranes. Test procedures are described for seam tests for peel and shear properties using strip specimens.  
1.2 The types of thermal field and factory seaming techniques used to construct geomembrane seams include the following:  
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1.3 The types of materials covered by this test method include, but are not limited to, reinforced geomembranes made from the following polymers:  
1.3.1 Very low-density polyethylene (VLDPE).  
1.3.2 Linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE).  
1.3.3 Flexible polypropylene (fPP).  
1.3.4 Polyvinyl chloride (PVC).  
1.3.5 Chlorosulfonated polyethylene (CSPE).  
1.3.6 Ethylene interpolymer alloy (EIA).  
1.4 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish ap...

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ASTM D6992-16(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Accelerated Tensile Creep and Creep-Rupture of Geosynthetic Materials Based on Time-Temperature Superposition Using the Stepped Isothermal Method

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Use of the Stepped Isothermal Method decreases the time required for creep to occur and the obtaining of the associated data.  
5.2 The statements set forth in 1.6 are very important in the context of significance and use, as well as scope of the standard.  
5.3 Creep test data are used to calculate the creep modulus of materials as a function of time. These data are then used to predict the long-term creep deformation expected of geosynthetics used in reinforcement applications.
Note 1: Currently, SIM testing has focused mainly on woven and knitted geogrids and woven geotextiles made from polyester, aramid, polyaramid, poly-vinyl alcohol (PVA), and polypropylene yarns and narrow strips. Additional correlation studies on other materials are needed.  
5.4 Creep-rupture test data are used to develop a regression line relating creep stress to rupture time. These results predict the long-term rupture strength expected for geosynthetics in reinforcement applications.  
5.5 Tensile testing is used to establish the ultimate tensile strength (TULT) of a material and to determine elastic stress, strain, and variations thereof for SIM tests.  
5.6 Ramp and Hold (R+H) testing is done to establish the range of creep strains experienced in the brief period of very rapid response following the peak of the load ramp.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers accelerated testing for tensile creep, and tensile creep-rupture properties using the Stepped Isothermal Method (SIM).  
1.2 The test method is focused on geosynthetic reinforcement materials such as yarns, ribs of geogrids, or narrow geotextile specimens.  
1.3 The SIM tests are laterally unconfined tests based on time-temperature superposition procedures.  
1.4 Tensile tests are to be completed before SIM tests and the results are used to determine the stress levels for subsequent SIM tests defined in terms of the percentage of Ultimate Tensile Strength (TULT). Additionally, the tensile test can be designed to provide estimates of the initial elastic strain distributions appropriate for the SIM results.  
1.5 Ramp and Hold (R+H) tests may be completed in conjunction with SIM tests. They are designed to provide additional estimates of the initial elastic and initial rapid creep strain levels appropriate for the SIM results.  
1.6 This method can be used to establish the sustained load creep and creep-rupture characteristics of a geosynthetic. Results of this method are to be used to augment results of Test Method D5262 and may not be used as the sole basis for determination of long-term creep and creep-rupture behavior of geosynthetic material.  
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    9 pages
    English language
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ASTM
ASTM D7106/D7106M-05(2023)(Guide)
Standard Guide for Selection of Test Methods for Ethylene Propylene Diene Terpolymer (EPDM) Geomembranes

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This standard provides guidance to obtain data that is the most representative of the material’s characteristics and performance. To properly evaluate EPDM, tests should be performed in accordance with specific test methods and procedures.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers and provides recommendations for the selection of appropriate test methods for Ethylene Propylene Diene Terpolymer (EPDM) geomembranes used in geotechnical and geoenvironmental applications.  
1.2 This guide includes test methods for three different types of EPDM geomembranes including: scrim-reinforced membranes, composite membranes, and smooth, nonreinforced membranes.  
1.3 The test methods are divided into three categories including manufacturing quality control, optional performance tests, and seam testing.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Guide
    3 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off