ASTM D5748-95(2012)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Protrusion Puncture Resistance of Stretch Wrap Film
Standard Test Method for Protrusion Puncture Resistance of Stretch Wrap Film
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Puncture resistance is very important in end-use performance of stretch wrap film used in consumer and industrial product applications. Puncture resistance is a measure of the energy-absorbing ability of a stretch wrap film in resisting a protrusion. The test method is designed to provide the user with a means of measuring the stretch wrap film's puncture resistance performance under essentially biaxial deformation conditions. A biaxial stress is representative of the type of stress encountered by stretch wrap products in many end-use applications.
Although this test method cannot be expected to duplicate all field experiences, since the rate of speed, weight, and configuration of such destructive forces vary widely, a generally reliable comparison of samples may be made from the data obtained.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method determines the resistance of a stretch wrap film to the penetration of a probe at a standard low rate, a single test velocity. Performed at standard conditions, the test method imparts a biaxial stress that is representative of the type of stress encountered in many product end-use applications. The maximum force, force at break, penetration distance, and energy to break are determined.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation: D5748 − 95 (Reapproved 2012)
Standard Test Method for
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Protrusion Puncture Resistance of Stretch Wrap Film
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5748; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
1.1 This test method determines the resistance of a stretch
3.1 Definitions—General definitions for packaging and dis-
wrap film to the penetration of a probe at a standard low rate,
tributions environments are found in Terminology D996.
asingletestvelocity.Performedatstandardconditions,thetest
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
methodimpartsabiaxialstressthatisrepresentativeofthetype
3.2.1 break force—force achieved at break.
of stress encountered in many product end-use applications.
The maximum force, force at break, penetration distance, and
3.2.2 energy—work to break.
energy to break are determined.
3.2.3 maximum force—greatest force achieved.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.2.4 penetration distance—depth probe traveled in pen-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
etrating film specimen, from initial probe contact with film
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
specimen, to penetration at break.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.2.5 protrusion puncture resistance—theabilityofaplastic
1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-
film to withstand the force exerted by a protrusion.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.2.6 thickness (caliper, gage)—the perpendicular distance
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
between the opposite surfaces of a plastic film.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 Puncture resistance is very important in end-use perfor-
2. Referenced Documents
2 mance of stretch wrap film used in consumer and industrial
2.1 ASTM Standards:
product applications. Puncture resistance is a measure of the
D618Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
energy-absorbing ability of a stretch wrap film in resisting a
D996Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environ-
protrusion. The test method is designed to provide the user
ments
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with a means of measuring the stretch wrap film’s puncture
D1898Practice for Sampling of Plastics (Withdrawn 1998)
resistance performance under essentially biaxial deformation
D2103Specification for Polyethylene Film and Sheeting
conditions. A biaxial stress is representative of the type of
E122PracticeforCalculatingSampleSizetoEstimate,With
stress encountered by stretch wrap products in many end-use
Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic of a
Lot or Process applications.
E691Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
4.2 Although this test method cannot be expected to dupli-
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
cate all field experiences, since the rate of speed, weight, and
configuration of such destructive forces vary widely, a gener-
1 allyreliablecomparisonofsamplesmaybemadefromthedata
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 on Plastics
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.19 on Film, Sheeting, and
obtained.
Molded Products.
Current edition approved April 1, 2012. Published May 2012. Originally
5. Apparatus
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D5748–95 (2007).
DOI: 10.1520/D5748-95R12.
2 5.1 Universal Testing Apparatus.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
5.2 Integrator and Chart Recorder.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
3 5.3 Appropriate Load Cell—The test may be performed
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org. using compression or tension load cell.
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D5748 − 95 (2012)
5.4 Probe—A0.75 in. (19 mm) diameter pear-shaped TFE-
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fluorocarboncoatedprobe (Fig.1),forgeneralapplicationand
standard comparison of plastic films and interlaboratory re-
sults.
5.5 Specimen Clamping Fixture (Fig. 2).
5.6 Micrometre, conforming to Specification D2103.
5.7 Template, 6 by 6 in. (1
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