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ASTM E3372-23

(Guide)

Standard Guide for Schedule Performance Index, Schedule Beta (βs)

Standard Guide for Schedule Performance Index, Schedule Beta (β<inf>s</inf >)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The schedule beta (βs) approach produces informational elements: Overall (or composite) schedule beta (βs), schedule beta upside (βs+), and schedule beta downside (βs–)—representing the quantitative components, and the qualitative insight (“early warning”) into the propensity for directional schedule performance for individual schedule participants.  
5.1.1 The quantitative component of schedule beta (βs) (inclusive of the upside and downside subvariants) is an index value that depicts schedule participant’s magnitude and direction of movement as compared to the overall project at an assigned value of 1.0, for example, a βs = +2.5 connotes performance of a schedule participant that moves in the same direction as the collection of completed projects at a rate of 2.5 units (schedule days) for each single unit (schedule day) experienced at the overall project level.  
5.1.2 The qualitative component of schedule beta (βs) (inclusive of the upside and downside subvariants) provides insight as a cautionary and predictive signal depicting the ability for an individual schedule participant to perform in-keeping with the initially-established as-planned schedule duration(s).  
5.2 Schedule beta (βs) also depicts the overall status or health (performing well or not) of a market sector, location and/or trade. Consistent larger schedule beta (βs) values are indicative of external elements (risks) impacting all participants sharing common attribute(s) (that is, trade, location, market sector, etc.).  
5.3 Schedule beta (βs) measures current schedule participant performance. As a rolling value (for example, calculated for projects completed during the two most recently completed full calendar years), it depicts the schedule performance ability of the schedule participant. See Note 1.
Note 1: Schedule Data Source and Usage—Schedule beta (βs) (inclusive of the upside and downside subvariants) utilizes schedule data from any schedule calculation method that depicts individ...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers schedule beta (βs), which measures construction project participant schedule performance versus that of the overall completed project and is based on beta (β) from financial portfolio theory for measuring the correlation between individual stock performance and that of the overall stock market.2 By correlating the delta of actual activity performance (“as-built”) minus that originally scheduled (“as-planned”) to the delta of as-built minus as-planned for the overall completed project for a participant’s collection of projects over a specified period of time, a schedule performance index is established in a similar manner as the aforementioned beta (β) of an individual stock.  
1.2 Schedule beta (βs) measures, as a unitless index value, schedule participant (“subcontractor’s”) performance—ahead or behind—as-planned duration as correlated to its respective overall project’s schedule performance.  
1.3 Schedule beta (βs) is measured with input from at least two (2) independent (mutually exclusive) projects that have reached completion, within the defined period of observation.  
1.4 Schedule beta (βs) is measured across a standard predetermined period of time, in similar fashion to that of the insurance industry’s experience modification rate’s (EMR) most recent two (2) complete calendar years within the past thirty-six (36) months.  
1.5 Schedule beta (βs) evaluates schedule participant’s (“subcontractor’s”) most recent performance, not its complete history, such that is it indicative of current performance and contemporary influences—market, geographic, industry trade, etc.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This internation...

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-Jan-2023
ICS
03.060 - Finances. Banking. Monetary systems. Insurance
Technical Committee
E06 - Performance of Buildings
Drafting Committee
E06.81 - Building Economics
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Refers
ASTM E2691-20 - Standard Practice for Job Productivity Measurement
Effective Date
01-Apr-2020

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ASTM E3372-23 - Standard Guide for Schedule Performance Index, Schedule Beta (β<inf>s</inf >)ASTM E3372-23 - Standard Guide for Schedule Performance Index, Schedule Beta (β<inf>s</inf >)
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ASTM E3372-23 - Standard Guide for Schedule Performance Index, Schedule Beta (β<inf>s</inf >)
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E3372 − 23
Standard Guide for
1
Schedule Performance Index, Schedule Beta (β )
s
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E3372; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
The schedule performance index, schedule beta (β ), correlates the performance of network
s
schedule participants (critical path method (CPM)) at the activity level to the overall project
performance on an ongoing basis. The value of the index is representative of the collection of
completed activities within their respective projects over a defined period of time. It identifies the
propensity of schedule participants to fulfill their initial schedule durations (“as-planned”) by
delivering their work on-time, which may be used as an indicator of future performance. Schedule beta
(β ) enables contractors, project managers, supervisors, and schedulers to include indicative
s
performance when assembling construction project teams, evaluate potential participant appropriate-
ness considering schedule time constraints, and improve schedule accuracy and performance.
1. Scope 1.4 Schedule beta (β ) is measured across a standard prede-
s
termined period of time, in similar fashion to that of the
1.1 This guide covers schedule beta (β ), which measures
s
insurance industry’s experience modification rate’s (EMR)
construction project participant schedule performance versus
most recent two (2) complete calendar years within the past
that of the overall completed project and is based on beta (β)
thirty-six (36) months.
from financial portfolio theory for measuring the correlation
between individual stock performance and that of the overall 1.5 Schedule beta (β ) evaluates schedule participant’s
s
2
stock market. By correlating the delta of actual activity (“subcontractor’s”) most recent performance, not its complete
performance (“as-built”) minus that originally scheduled (“as- history, such that is it indicative of current performance and
planned”) to the delta of as-built minus as-planned for the contemporary influences—market, geographic, industry trade,
overall completed project for a participant’s collection of etc.
projects over a specified period of time, a schedule perfor-
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
mance index is established in a similar manner as the afore-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
mentioned beta (β) of an individual stock.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
1.2 Schedule beta (β ) measures, as a unitless index value,
s
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
schedule participant (“subcontractor’s”) performance—ahead
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
or behind—as-planned duration as correlated to its respective
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
overall project’s schedule performance.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
1.3 Schedule beta (β ) is measured with input from at least
s
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
two (2) independent (mutually exclusive) projects that have
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
reached completion, within the defined period of observation.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1 2. Referenced Documents
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 on Performance
of Buildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.81 on Building 3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Economics.
E631 Terminology of Building Constructions
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2023. Published June 2023. DOI: 10.1520/
E3372-23. E833 Terminology of Building Economics
2
The schedule performance index, schedule Beta (β ), is based on the Beta (β)
s
factor as found in the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) of financial portfolio
theory, as formalized by Black, Jensen, and Scholes in Jensen, M. C., Black, F.,
3
Scholes, M. S., “The Capital Asset Pricing Model: Some Empirical Tests.” In For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Studies in the Theory of Capital Markets, ed. M. C. Jensen, Praeger Publishers, Inc., contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
New York, NY, 1972, which received the 1990 Alfred Nobel Memorial Prize in Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document
...

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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice establishes expected outcomes associated with an asset management system.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes expected outcomes associated with an asset management system. It is a measure of achievement rather than process and is performance oriented rather than design oriented.  
1.2 Outcomes are defined as information, events, objects, or states of being produced as a result or consequence of an objective, plan, process, accident, effort, or other similar action or occurrence and can be expressed in a quantitative or qualitative manner.  
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1.4 An outcome measure is an assessment of the results of a program activity compared to its intended purpose. This practice assumes that inputs are correlated to known or declared outputs of the system or system component being assessed.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
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FIG. 1 Life Cycle Application of FACTS  
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1.1 This standard (FACTS) establishes a classification of building and sitework elements and components, and their associated functions, attributes, and products. Elements, as defined here, are major assemblies and components common to buildings and sitework. Elements usually perform given functions, regardless of the design specification, construction method, or materials used. The attribute classification will lead to more effective management of the operation, maintenance, and life cycle cost of the asset.  
1.2 The classification:  
1.2.1 Incorporates Levels 1, 2, and 3 from Classification E1557:
1.2.1.1 Major Group Element (Classification E1557 Level 1).
1.2.1.2 Group Element (Classification E1557 Level 2).
1.2.1.3 Element (Classification E1557 Level 3).  
1.2.2 Establishes sub-elements at Levels 4 and beyond:
1.2.2.1 Because the main objective is content and not specifically rigid structure, levels beyond those established in Classification E1557 are not balanced.
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1.2.4 This approach identifies specific products that will support the element at its functional level. However, the classification permits the introduction of additional products necessitated due to higher order requirements, such as but not limited to:
(1) Asset type
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Standard Practice for Measuring Payback for Investments in Buildings and Building Systems

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The payback method is part of a family of economic evaluation methods that provide measures of economic performance of an investment. Included in this family of evaluation methods are life-cycle costing, benefit-to-cost and savings-to-investment ratios, net benefits, and internal rates of return.  
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4.1 The primary use of these test methods is testing to determine the specified mechanical properties of steel, stainless steel, and related alloy products for the evaluation of conformance of such products to a material specification under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 and its subcommittees as designated by a purchaser in a purchase order or contract.  
4.1.1 These test methods may be and are used by other ASTM Committees and other standards writing bodies for the purpose of conformance testing.  
4.1.2 The material condition at the time of testing, sampling frequency, specimen location and orientation, reporting requirements, and other test parameters are contained in the pertinent material specification or in a general requirement specification for the particular product form.  
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4.2.1 As with any mechanical testing, deviations from either specification limits or expected as-manufactured properties can occur for valid reasons besides deficiency of the original as-fabricated product. These reasons include, but are not limited to: subsequent service degradation from environmental exposure (for example, temperature, corrosion); static or cyclic service stress effects, mechanically-induced damage, material inhomogeneity, anisotropic structure, natural aging of select alloys, further processing not included in the specification, sampling limitations, and measuring equipment calibration uncertainty. There is statistical variation in all aspects of mechanical testin...
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1.1 These test methods2 cover procedures and definitions for the mechanical testing of steels, stainless steels, and related alloys. The various mechanical tests herein described are used to determine properties required in the product specifications. Variations in testing methods are to be avoided, and standard methods of testing are to be followed to obtain reproducible and comparable results. In those cases in which the testing requirements for certain products are unique or at variance with these general procedures, the product specification testing requirements shall control.  
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Sections  
Tension  
7 to 14  
Bend  
15  
Hardness  
16  
Brinell  
17  
Rockwell  
18  
Portable  
19  
Impact  
20 to 30  
Keywords  
32  
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Annex  
Bar Products  
Annex A1  
Tubular Products  
Annex A2  
Fasteners  
Annex A3  
Round Wire Products  
Annex A4  
Significance of Notched-Bar Impact Testing  
Annex A5  
Converting Percentage Elongation of Round Specimens to
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Annex A6    
Testing Multi-Wire Strand  
Annex A7  
Rounding of Test Data  
Annex A8  
Methods for Testing Steel Reinforcing Bars  
Annex A9  
Procedure for Use and Control of Heat-cycle Simulation  
Annex A10  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 When these test methods are referenced in a metric product specification, the yield and tensile values may be determined in inch-pound (ksi) units then converted into SI (MPa) units. The elongation determined in inch-pound gauge lengths of 2 in. or 8 in. may be report...

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4.1 Using the procedures and apparatus in Sections 8 and 9 and the manufacturer's instructions, pressure-tight joints as strong as the pipe itself can be made between manufacturer-recommended combinations of pipe and fittings. See Specification F1055 for performance requirements of polyethylene electrofusion fittings.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes procedures for making joints suitable for pressure service with polyethylene (PE) pipe and fittings by means of electrofusion joining techniques in, but not limited to, a field environment. Other suitable electrofusion joining procedures are available from various sources including fitting manufacturers. This standard does not purport to address all possible electrofusion joining procedures, or to preclude the use of qualified procedures developed by other parties that have been proven to produce reliable electrofusion joints. (Note 1)
Note 1: Reference to the manufacturer in this practice refers to the electrofusion fitting manufacturer.  
1.2 The parameters and procedure are applicable only to joining polyethylene pipe and fittings (Note 2) which are intended for PE fuel gas pipe per Specification D2513 and PE potable water, sewer and industrial pipe manufactured per Specification F714, Specification D3035, Specification F2619, and AWWA C901 and C906.
Note 2: Commercially available materials classified with a thermoplastic pipe material designation code beginning with PE 14, PE 23, PE 24, PE 27, PE 33, PE 34, PE 36, and PE 46, and PE 47 in accordance with Specification D3350 and Terminology F412 are generally acceptable for electrofusion joining using this practice. Consult with the pipe or fitting manufacturer for specific compatibility information.  
1.3 Parts that are within the dimensional tolerances given in present ASTM specifications are required to produce sound joints between polyethylene pipe and fittings when using the joining techniques described in this practice.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 The text of this practice references notes, footnotes, and appendices which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the practice.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D5141-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determining Filtering Efficiency and Flow Rate of the Filtration Component of a Sediment Retention Device

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is used to determine the filtering efficiency and flow rate of the filtration component of a sediment retention device, such as a silt fence, a silt barrier, or a silt curtain, for specific soil tested.  
5.2 This test method may be used for the design of the filtration component of a sediment retention device to meet requirements of regulatory agencies in filtering efficiency or flow rate for the specific soil tested.  
5.2.1 The designer can use this test method to determine the spacing between sediment retention devices.  
5.3 This test method is intended for performance evaluation, as the results will depend on the specific soil evaluated. Unless testing with the default soil is desired, it is recommended that the user or representative perform the test to pre-approve products, as sediment retention device manufacturers are not typically equipped to handle or test soil requirements.  
5.4 This test method provides a means of evaluating the filtration component of sediment retention devices with different soils under various conditions that simulate the conditions that exist in a sediment retention device installation. This test method may be used to simulate several storm events on the same sediment retention device specimen. Therefore, the number of times this test is repeated per specimen is dependent upon the user and the site conditions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is used to determine the filtering efficiency and the flow rate of the filtration component of a sediment retention device, such as a silt fence, silt barrier, or inlet protector.  
1.1.1 The results are shown as a percentage for filtering efficiency and cubic metres per square metre per minute (m3/m2/min) or gallons per square foot per minute (gal/ft2/min) for flow rate.  
1.1.2 The filtering efficiency indicates the percent of sediment removed from sediment-laden water.  
1.1.3 The flow rate is the average rate of passage of the sediment-laden water through the filtration component of a sediment retention device.  
1.2 This test method requires several specialized pieces of equipment, such as an integrated water sampler and an analytical balance, or a vacuum filtration system. At the client’s discretion, the test soil is either a site-specific soil or a soil that is representative of a target default gradation.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are the standard, while the inch-pound units are provided for information. The values expressed in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other, without combining values in any way.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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  • Standard
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    English language
    sale 15% off