ASTM D509-05(2011)e1
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods of Sampling and Grading Rosin
Standard Test Methods of Sampling and Grading Rosin
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Rosin is an important product of the centuries old Naval Stores industry and is produced and consumed in many countries throughout the world. Consequently, reliable methods of sampling and grading rosin are necessary. The test methods based on the use of the USDA Official Standards described herein, were developed many years ago for the sampling and grading of rosin and are similar to those included in the Naval Stores Act.
Although these test methods based on the use of the USDA Official Standards are still applicable, many additional test methods are now used to grade rosin. In particular, the color of rosin is now more commonly reported using the Gardner color scale rather than the USDA Official Standards. In addition, Test Methods E28, D465, and D5974 are widely used to assess the quality of rosin in addition to the color grading methods described in this standard.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for sampling and determining the grade of rosin delivered in commercial bags, barrels, drums or in molten form. Although developed for rosin, these methods can also be used for the grading of modified rosins and rosin based resins.
Note 1—All rosin sold in interstate commerce must be described by reference to the U. S. Standards for rosin, and is therefore subject to grading prior to such sale. The grading procedure described in these test methods is used for checking grades or regrading after the rosin has moved from the primary markets to distributing or consuming points.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:D509 −05(Reapproved2011)
Standard Test Methods of
Sampling and Grading Rosin
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D509; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
ε NOTE—Footnotes 4 and 5 were editorially updated in June 2011.
1. Scope lated Products (Instrumental Determination of Gardner
Color)
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for sampling and
E28 Test Methods for Softening Point of Resins Derived
determining the grade of rosin delivered in commercial bags,
from Naval Stores by Ring-and-Ball Apparatus
barrels, drums or in molten form. Although developed for
rosin, these methods can also be used for the grading of
3. Significance and Use
modified rosins and rosin based resins.
3.1 Rosin is an important product of the centuries old Naval
NOTE 1—All rosin sold in interstate commerce must be described by
Stores industry and is produced and consumed in many
reference to the U. S. Standards for rosin, and is therefore subject to
countries throughout the world. Consequently, reliable meth-
grading prior to such sale. The grading procedure described in these test
ods of sampling and grading rosin are necessary. The test
methods is used for checking grades or regrading after the rosin has
methods based on the use of the USDA Official Standards
moved from the primary markets to distributing or consuming points.
described herein, were developed many years ago for the
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
sampling and grading of rosin and are similar to those included
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
in the Naval Stores Act.
only.
3.2 Although these test methods based on the use of the
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
USDA Official Standards are still applicable, many additional
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
test methods are now used to grade rosin. In particular, the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
color of rosin is now more commonly reported using the
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Gardner color scale rather than the USDA Official Standards.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
In addition, Test Methods E28, D465, and D5974 are widely
used to assess the quality of rosin in addition to the color
2. Referenced Documents
grading methods described in this standard.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D465 Test Methods for Acid Number of Naval Stores
4. Sampling
Products Including Tall Oil and Other Related Products
4.1 Number of Packages to Be Sampled—A preliminary
D1544 Test Method for Color of Transparent Liquids (Gard-
sampling of 20 % of the entire lot or shipment shall be made.
ner Color Scale)
Ifthegradeof85 %ormoreofthenumberofsuchpreliminary
D5974 Test Methods for Fatty and Rosin Acids in Tall Oil
samples agrees with the grade indicated on the package or
Fractionation Products by Capillary Gas Chromatography
invoice, with none of the samples disagreeing by more than
D6090 Test Method for Softening Point Resins (Mettler Cup
one grade, the original grading shall be considered confirmed
and Ball Method)
and the shipment accepted as a good delivery. If the grades of
D6166 Test Method for Color of Pine Chemicals and Re-
more than 15 % of the preliminary samples are in
disagreement, or if any appreciable number are under grade by
more than one grade, additional packages in the lot to make up
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on
a total equal to not less than 50 % of the entire shipment
Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and are the direct
responsibility of Subcommittee D01.34 on Pine Chemicals and Hydrocarbon
(preferably the entire shipment if accessible and not too great)
Resins.
shall be sampled. The findings on such larger quantity shall be
Current edition approved June 1, 2011. Published June 2011. Originally
accepted as the basis for settlement between the purchaser and
approved in 1938. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D509 – 05. DOI:
10.1520/D0509-05R11E01. the seller.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Naval StoresAct of 1923 (42 Stat 1435.7 USC-91-99) as amended in 1951 and
the ASTM website. regulationspromulgatedthereunderbytheUnitedStatesDepartmentofAgriculture.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D509−05(2011)
4.2 Method of Sampling—Take samples that are approxi- Department of Agriculture (except FF), consist of combina-
matelycubicalinshapeandexactly22.225mm( ⁄8in.)thickin tions of plates cut, ground, and polished to specified thick-
the direction in which they are to be viewed, by any of the nesses from selected melts of Corning and Jena colored glass.
following methods: The colorimetric specifications of the standards, based on the
(a) by cutting or cleaving the same from a lump of rosin 1931 CIE Coordinate System, for a standard observer using
removed from the solid mass in the barrel or drum, the top side standard Illuminant C, are given in Table 1. The colorimetric
of which lump shall come from not less than 101.6 mm (4 in.) specifications for the U.S. Rosin Standards, Master Cubes XA,
below the surface of the rosin. XB, and XC, are given in Table 2.
(b) by means of a tin mold of suitable design which has
5.2 Secondary standards or “type samples” are sometimes
beenplacedinsidethebarrelordrumthroughanopeninginthe
used for approximate grading, in the absence of permanent
side, the top of which opening is not less than 203.2 mm (8 in.) 5
official standards of glass. Such samples may consist of cubes
from the top of the container, in order to provide a sample that
of specially selected rosin or other colored transparent me-
shall have come from a position not less than 4 in. below the
dium; solutions are also sometimes used (Note 2).
surface of the rosin. The mold thus placed must be entirely
5.3 Rosin Color Molds, 22.225 mm ( ⁄8 in.), standard size or
within the barrel or drum and completely encased in the rosin.
7 7
Rosin Sample Trays, 22.225 by 22.225 by 22.225 mm ( ⁄8 by ⁄8
(c) by suspending in the barrel or drum of molten rosin a
2 2
7 by 1 in.), white cover without labels.
clean tin plate mold 22.225 mm ( ⁄8 in. ) (inside) and 38.1
mm (1.5 in.) or more in length, in such a manner that it will be
NOTE 2—It is not possible to dissolve a specified quantity of rosin in a
in a horizontal position at least 4 in. below the surface of the solvent and use such solution as a standard for grading the rosin because
there is no constant relationship between the color of the original solid
rosin after it has thoroughly cooled. Such samples shall not be
rosin and the color of the rosin after being put in solution. Consequently,
spiked from the barrel until it is completely cooled.
the color of such solution is not a criterion of the color of the rosin itself.
(d) by withdrawing from a full package of 67.5 kg (150 lb)
or less, a quantity of the molten rosin, and allowing the same
6. Color Grading with the USDA Official Standards
to cool and solidify in any suitable mold. Samples representing
6.1 The sample or “type” shall be compared with the
a single charge (or intermittent distillation) of oleoresin shall
appropriate standard, preferably against an open direct north
be taken from not less than 2 packages, one of which shall be
sky light, or in a direction that excludes direct rays from the
selected after ⁄4 of the rosin has been placed in the containers,
sun from passing through the rosin to the eye. The grade
and the other shall be the last package filled.
assigned to the rosin shall be considered that of the highest or
(e) by withdrawing a quantity of molten rosin from a full
lightest colored standard which the sample equals or excels (is
drum, filled after a preliminary cooling period, and taken 1 h
lighter than) in color (Note 3). Should the color or appearance
after the drum was filled, and pouring some withdrawn portion
of the rosin be such that there is a doubt whether
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