ASTM D2247-02

Standard Practice for Testing Water Resistance of Coatings in 100% Relative Humidity

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Water can cause the degradation of coatings, so knowledge of how a coating resists water is helpful in predicting its service life. Failure in tests at 100 % relative humidity may be caused by a number of factors including a deficiency in the coating itself, contamination of the substrate, or inadequate surface preparation. This practice is therefore useful for evaluating coatings alone or complete coating systems.
Tests at 100 % relative humidity are used for specification acceptance, quality control, and research and development of coatings and substrate treatments. These tests usually result in a pass or fail determination, but the degree of failure may also be measured. A coating system is considered to pass if there is no evidence of water-related failure after a period of time.
Results obtained from the use of 100 % humidity tests in accordance with this practice should not be represented as being equivalent to a period of exposure to water in the natural environment, until the degree of quantitative correlation has been established for the coating or coating system.
The test chamber can be a small laboratory cabinet or a room large enough to hold an automobile or a truck. Some automobile manufacturers test completed vehicles in rooms maintained at 100 % relative humidity. Corrosion tests can be conducted, as the condensate dripping off the test articles is not recirculated.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the basic principles and operating procedures for testing water resistance of coatings by exposing coated specimens in an atmosphere maintained at 100 % relative humidity so that condensation forms on the test specimens.
1.2 This practice is limited to the methods of obtaining, measuring, and controlling the conditions and procedures of tests conducted in 100 % relative humidity. It does not specify specimen preparation, specific test conditions, or evaluation of results.
Note 1—Alternative practices for testing the water resistance of coatings include Practices D 870, D 1735, and D 4585.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Aug-2002
• ICS: 87.040 - Paints and varnishes
• Technical Committee: D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
• Drafting Committee: D01.27 - Accelerated Testing

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D2247-99 - Standard Practice for Testing Water Resistance of Coatings in 100% Relative Humidity
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2002
• Replaced By: ASTM D2247-10 - Standard Practice for Testing Water Resistance of Coatings in 100% Relative Humidity
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D4585/D4585M-18 - Standard Practice for Testing Water Resistance of Coatings Using Controlled Condensation
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D7893-13(2018) - Standard Guide for Corrosion Test Panel Preparation, Testing, and Rating of Coil-Coated Building Products
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2002
• Referred By: ASTM F1075-97(2018) - Standard Specification for Dehumidifier, Shipboard, Mechanically Refrigerated, Self-Contained
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D3730-17(2022) - Standard Guide for Testing High-Performance Interior Architectural Wall Coatings
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D3794-22 - Standard Guide for Testing Coil Coatings
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2002
• Referred By: ASTM E2568-17a - Standard Specification for PB Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D1735-21 - Standard Practice for Testing Water Resistance of Coatings Using Water Fog Apparatus
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D3451-06(2017) - Standard Guide for Testing Coating Powders and Powder Coatings
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2002
• Referred By: ASTM E2570/E2570M-07(2019) - Standard Test Methods for Evaluating Water-Resistive Barrier (WRB) Coatings Used under Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems (EIFS) or EIFS with Drainage
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2002
• Referred By: ASTM F1428-23 - Standard Specification for Aluminum Particle-Filled Basecoat/Organic or Inorganic Topcoat, Corrosion Protective Coatings for Fasteners
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D6577-15(2019) - Standard Guide for Testing Industrial Protective Coatings
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D870-15(2020) - Standard Practice for Testing Water Resistance of Coatings Using Water Immersion
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D2649-20a - Standard Test Method for Corrosion Characteristics of Solid Film Lubricants
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2002

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D2247–02
Standard Practice for
Testing Water Resistance of Coatings in 100% Relative
1
Humidity
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2247; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope D714 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Blistering of
Paints
1.1 This practice covers the basic principles and operating
D823 Practices for Producing Films of Uniform Thickness
procedures for testing water resistance of coatings by exposing
of Paint, Varnish, and Related Products on Test Panels
coated specimens in an atmosphere maintained at 100 %
D870 Practice for Testing Water Resistance of Coatings
relative humidity so that condensation forms on the test
Using Water Immersion
specimens.
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
1.2 This practice is limited to the methods of obtaining,
D1654 Test Method for Evaluation of Painted or Coated
measuring, and controlling the conditions and procedures of
Specimens Subjected to Corrosive Environments
tests conducted in 100 % relative humidity. It does not specify
D1730 Practices for Preparation of Aluminum and
specimen preparation, specific test conditions, or evaluation of
Aluminum-Alloy Surfaces for Painting
results.
D1735 Practice for Testing Water Resistance of Coatings
NOTE 1—Alternative practices for testing the water resistance of
Using Water Fog Apparatus
coatings include Practices D870, D1735, and D4585.
D2616 Test Method for Evaluation of Visual Color Differ-
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
ence With a Gray Scale
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
D3359 Test Methods for Measuring Adhesion by Tape Test
only.
D3363 Test Method for Film Hardness by Pencil Test
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
D4541 TestMethodforPull-OffStrengthofCoatingsUsing
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Portable Adhesion Testers
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
D4585 Practice for Testing Water Resistance of Coatings
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Using Controlled Condensation
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3. Summary of Practice
2. Referenced Documents
3.1 Coated specimens are placed in an enclosed chamber
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
containing a heated, saturated mixture of air and water vapor.
D609 Practice for Preparation of Cold-Rolled Steel Panels
The temperature of the chamber is usually maintained at 38°C
for Testing Paint, Varnish, Conversion Coatings, and
(100°F). At 100 % relative humidity (RH), a very small
Related Coating Products
temperaturedifferencebetweenthespecimenandthesurround-
D610 Practice for Evaluating Degree of Rusting on Painted
ing vapor causes the formation of condensation on the speci-
Steel Surfaces
mens. The exposure condition is varied by selecting the
duration of the test. Water permeates the coating at rates that
are dependent upon the characteristics of the coating. Any
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and
effects such as color change, blistering, loss of adhesion,
Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
softening, or embrittlement are observed and reported.
Subcommittee D01.27 on Accelerated Testing.
Current edition approved Aug. 10, 2002. Published October 2002. Originally
4. Significance and Use
published as D2247 – 66 T. Last previous edition D2247 – 99. DOI: 10.1520/
D2247-02.
4.1 Water can cause the degradation of coatings, so knowl-
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
edge of how a coating resists water is helpful in predicting its
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
service life. Failure in tests at 100 % relative humidity may be
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. caused by a number of factors including a deficiency in the
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1

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D2247–02
coating itself, contamination of the substrate, or inadequate 7.2 Adjust the temperature of the saturated air and water
surface preparation. This practice is therefore useful for evalu- vapor mixture to 38 6 2°C (100 6 4°F).
ating coatings alone or complete coating systems.
NOTE 3—Due to heat loss to the specimens and the walls of the
4.2 Tests at
...