ASTM D7076-05

Standard Test Method for Measurement of Shives in Retted Flax

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of shives in retted flax.
1.2 UnitsThe values stated in either SI units or inch-pounds are to be regarded separately as a standard. The values stated in each system may not be exactly equivalent; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Dec-2004
• ICS: 67.200.20 - Oilseeds
• Technical Committee: D13 - Textiles
• Drafting Committee: D13.17 - Bast Fibers and Plants

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM D7076-09 - Standard Test Method for Measurement of Shives in Retted Flax
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2009

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D7076–05
Standard Test Method for
Measurement of Shives in Retted Flax
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 7076; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope determine if there is a statistical bias between them, using
competent statistical assistance. As a minimum, test samples
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of shives in
that are as homogeneous as possible are drawn from the
retted flax.
material from which the disputed test results were obtained,
1.2 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-
and are randomly assigned in equal numbers to each labora-
pounds are to be regarded separately as a standard. The values
tory. These results from the two laboratories should be com-
stated in each system may not be exactly equivalent; therefore,
pared using a statistical test for unpaired data, a possibility
each system shall be used independently of the other. Combin-
level chosen prior to the testing series. If a bias is found, either
ing values from the two systems may result in non-
its cause must be found and corrected, or future test results for
conformance with the standard.
that fiber sample type must be adjusted in consideration of the
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
known bias.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.2 This test method gives data on shive content of retted
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
flax fiber which can be used as a basis for: (1) estimating the
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
net amount of manufacturing fiber obtainable from retted flax
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
fiber;(2)alongwithothermeasurements,predictingthequality
2. Referenced Documents of flax products, particularly their aesthetic properties; (3)
adjusting processing machinery for maximum efficiency in
2.1 ASTM Standards:
cleaning; and (4) relating shive content to end-product quality
D 6798 Terminology Related to Flax and Linen
and processing efficiency.
3. Summary of Test Method
5. Apparatus
3.1 The sample to be evaluated is to be ground and the
5.1 Grinder—SPEX 8000 mixer mill or equivalent instru-
resulting mixture placed in the appropriate NIR cell and the
ment for the initial grinding.
spectra taken.
5.2 NIRSystems Model 6500 Monochrometer or equivalent
3.2 The data will then be compared to a reference file and
instrument—Reference spectra scanned over the range 400 to
the value of shive reported as weight percent.
2498 nm at 2 nm intervals and stored as log (1/R), where R is
4. Significance and Use
reflectance. Standard 50 mm diameter black minicup with a
quartz window is used and equipped with a 15 mm i.d. spacer
4.1 Few standards exist to objectively determine flax qual-
ring if sample size is limited.
ity. Shive is the woody core of the stem and has an important
effect on quality determination. Shive content will vary de-
6. Hazards
pending on the stage of processing and can determine in what
6.1 When handling or grinding any flax material a breathing
products the fiber can be used. Spectroscopic data provide an
mask should be worn.
accurate, precise and rapid determination of the amount of
shive in flax fiber.
7. Sampling, Test Specimens, and Test Units
4.1.1 If there are differences of practical significance be-
7.1 For acceptable testing, take a lot sample from shipping
tween reported test results for two or more laboratories,
container as directed in an applicable specification, or as
comparative tests should be performed by those laboratories to
agreed upon between the purchaser and supplier.
7.2 Take measurements at a minimum of five sites within a
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D13 onTextiles
sample, and three measurements at each site. Means of the
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.17 on Flax and Linen.
three replicates constitute the site reading. For each specimen,
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2005. Published February 2005.
report means of the five sites.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
7.3 Sample Handling and Preparation:
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D7076–05
TABLE 1 Mean, Standard Deviation and Within-Laboratory TABLE 2 Mean, Standard Deviation and Within-Laboratory
A A
Repeatability Limits for Analysis of the Same Ground Specimen Repeatability Limits for Analysis of Three Specimens of the
Repeated 3 Times with Mixing Between Analyses “As Is” Samples
Shive Content by Shive Content by
B B
Specimen Statistic Sample Statistic
NIRSystem 6500 NIRSystem 6500
1 Mean 1.76 1 Mean 7.425
Standard deviation 0.283 Standard deviation 2.303
Repeatability Limit 0.792 Repeatability Limit 6.44
2 Mean 5.54 2 Mean 0.391
Standard deviation 0.182 Standard deviation 0.369
Repeatability Limit 0.509 Repeatability Limit 1.03
3 Mean 11.46 3 Mean 6.147
Standard deviation 0.193 Standard deviation 1.063
Repeatability Limit 0.54 Repeatability Limit 2.97
4 Mean 15.30 4 Mean 3.775
Standard deviation 0.081 Standard deviation 1.529
Repeatability Limit 0.227 Repeatability Limit 4.28
5 Mean 20.31 5 Mean 10.1
Standard deviation 0.303 Standard deviation 2.789
Repeatability Limit 0.848 Repeatability Limit 7.81
6 Mean 30.08 6 Mean 9.78
Standard deviation 0.744 Standard deviation 1.127
Repeatability Limit 2.08 Repeatability Limit 3.15
7 Mean 38.55 7 Mean 21.746
Standard deviation 0.485 Standard deviation 8.376
Repeatability Limit 1.35 Repeatability Limit 23.4
8 Mean 33.190
A
The average and standard deviation (SD) are from analysis of the same
Standard deviation 4.618
specimen as described in Section 7.The 95 % repeatability limit (RL) is derived by
Repeatability Limit 12.9
multiplying 2.83 the sample SD in accordance with Form and Style of ASTM
9 Mean 21.727
Standards, section A21.2.5.
Standard deviation 7.042
B
Samples were from a set of sequentially Shirley cleaned flax sample
...