D13.17 - Bast Fibers and Plants

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Few standards exist to objectively judge flax quality. Color is an important factor in the quality of flax fiber. Natural variations in raw flax fiber, various processing steps, fiber blending, and a wide range of end uses contribute to the need for a standard method of objectively measuring the color of flax fiber. Spectrophotometic data provide an accurate, precise determination of the color of flax fiber. Colorimetric data are obtained through specimen measurement by combining specimen spectral data with data representing a CIE standard observer and a CIE standard illuminant, as described in Practice E308.  
5.2 If there are differences of practical significance between reported test results for two (or more) laboratories, comparative tests should be performed to determine if there is a statistical bias between them, using competent statistical assistance. As a minimum, use the samples for such a comparative test that are as homogeneous as possible, drawn from the same lot of material as the samples that resulted in disparate results during initial testing and randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory. The results from the laboratories involved should be compared using a statistical test for unpaired data, a probability level chosen prior to the testing series. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected, or future test results for that fiber sample type must be adjusted in consideration of the known bias.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the instrumental color measurement of flax fiber.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Few standards exist to objectively determine flax quality. Shive is the woody core of the stem and has an important effect on quality determination. Shive content will vary depending on the stage of processing and can determine in what products the fiber can be used. Spectroscopic data provide an accurate, precise and rapid determination of the amount of shive in flax fiber.  
5.1.1 If there are differences of practical significance between reported test results for two or more laboratories, comparative tests should be performed by those laboratories to determine if there is a statistical bias between them, using competent statistical assistance. As a minimum, test samples that are as homogeneous as possible are drawn from the material from which the disputed test results were obtained, and are randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory. These results from the two laboratories should be compared using a statistical test for unpaired data, a possibility level chosen prior to the testing series. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected, or future test results for that fiber sample type must be adjusted in consideration of the known bias.  
5.2 This test method gives data on shive content of retted flax fiber which can be used as a basis for: (1) estimating the net amount of manufacturing fiber obtainable from retted flax fiber; (2) along with other measurements, predicting the quality of flax products, particularly their aesthetic properties; (3) adjusting processing machinery for maximum efficiency in cleaning; and (4) relating shive content to end-product quality and processing efficiency.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of shives in retted flax.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology covers definitions of technical terms related to flax and linen.  
1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Longitudinal preparation is much quicker and less damaging than cross-sectional analysis and allows the fibers to be evaluated in their natural state.  
5.2 This test method provides measurement of a flax fiber specimen that uses less specimen preparation, produces consistent results, and minimal specimen modification. It has been shown that the median values of width correlate very well with the Optical Fiber Diameter Analyzer (OFDA), an apparatus developed for measuring the value and distribution of wool fiber diameters.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method involves the measurement and analysis of two-dimensional projections of flax fibers using image analysis software in the longitudinal plane to determine the average and distribution of fiber widths.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Fiber density is useful in the evaluation of new materials at the research and development level and is one of the material properties normally given in fiber specifications.  
5.2 Fiber density can be used to determine fiber strength and modulus of a single fiber or bundle of fibers. These properties are based on load or modulus slope over an effective area. Fiber density, when used with the lineal mass of the specimen, can calculate an approximate, total effective area for the specimen.  
5.3 In composite applications, fiber density is used as constituent property when determining reinforcement volume and void volume based on reinforcement mass and laminate density.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover two procedures for determination of the density of flax fiber and are applicable to fibers of any length.  
1.1.1 Test Method A—Gas Pycnometry—This is the more accurate method of density measurement and is preferred in cases in which specimen conditioning (oven drying) can be applied or outgassing effects can be mitigated by purge settings. The level of accuracy for the test methods can be assessed from the precision and bias tables. Outgassing effects can be assessed by performing a purge cycle, pressurization, and pressure stability check on the sample. If the pressure increases in an isolated sample chamber, outgassing may affect the accuracy of results. Oven dry specimens below 55 ºC to equilibrium with a 0 % relative humidity (RH) environment or use longer purge methods, or both, to eliminate outgassing effects.  
1.1.2 Test Method B—Buoyancy (Archimedes) Method—This is acceptable as an alternative to Test Method A in applications in which less accurate results are sufficient, as represented in the precision and bias tables. Test Method B is preferred in cases in which outgassing effects in Test Method A cannot be addressed by oven drying or purge settings and prevent Test Method A from producing valid results.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Sections 9 and 17.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method for determining fineness of cleaned flax fibers is considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments when the levels are controlled by use of a range of calibration standards.  
5.1.1 If there are differences of practical significance between reported test results for two or more laboratories, comparative tests should be performed by those laboratories to determine if there is a statistical bias between them, using competent statistical assistance. As a minimum, use test samples that are as homogenous as possible, are drawn from the material from which the disparate test results were obtained, and are randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. These test results from the two laboratories should be compared using a statistical test for unpaired data, at a probability level chosen prior to the testing series. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected, or future test results for that material must be adjusted in consideration of the known bias.  
5.2 The resistance that a plug of flax fibers offers to the flow of air is measured as an approximate indication of the average relative fineness of the fibers.  
5.2.1 The total surface area of finer fibers has a larger per unit mass and increased resistance to airflow than do coarser fibers.  
5.3 Instruments are available to indicate the resistance to air flow using either compressed air or a vacuum; and are constructed (1) to measure airflow under constant pressure drop across the plug, (2) to measure pressure drop when a constant flow of air is maintained, or (3) to indicate resistance to air flow from both a balanced and unbalanced Wheatstone bridge.  
5.4 The reliability of the results of any test method depends primarily upon how well the specimens tested represent the original source material. Flax fibers are different from many textile fibers, such as cotton or synthetic ones, in that they are not individual filaments but bu...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides two options that cover the determination of the fineness of clean loose flax fibers by: Option 1, measuring the specific surface area by the resistance of a plug of flax fibers to air flow under prescribed conditions, or Option 2, estimating the mass per unit length.
Note 1: For other methods for determining the fineness of fibers refer to Appendix X1.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Few standards exist to objectively judge flax quality. Color is an important factor in the quality of flax fiber. Natural variations in raw flax fiber, various processing steps, fiber blending, and a wide range of end uses contribute to the need for a standard method of objectively measuring the color of flax fiber. Spectrophotometic data provide an accurate, precise determination of the color of flax fiber. Colorimetric data are obtained through specimen measurement by combining specimen spectral data with data representing a CIE standard observer and a CIE standard illuminant, as described in Method E308.  
5.2 If there are differences of practical significance between reported test results for two (or more) laboratories, comparative tests should be performed to determine if there is a statistical bias between them, using competent statistical assistance. As a minimum, use the samples for such a comparative test that are as homogeneous as possible, drawn from the same lot of material as the samples that resulted in disparate results during initial testing and randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory. The results from the laboratories involved should be compared using a statistical test for unpaired data, a probability level chosen prior to the testing series. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected, or future test results for that fiber sample type must be adjusted in consideration of the known bias.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the instrumental color measurement of flax fiber.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method for determining fineness of cleaned flax fibers is considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments when the levels are controlled by use of a range of calibration standards.  
5.1.1 If there are differences of practical significance between reported test results for two or more laboratories, comparative tests should be performed by those laboratories to determine if there is a statistical bias between them, using competent statistical assistance. As a minimum, use test samples that are as homogenous as possible, are drawn from the material from which the disparate test results were obtained, and are randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. These test results from the two laboratories should be compared using a statistical test for unpaired data, at a probability level chosen prior to the testing series. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected, or future test results for that material must be adjusted in consideration of the known bias.  
5.2 The resistance that a plug of flax fibers offers to the flow of air is measured as an approximate indication of the average relative fineness of the fibers.  
5.2.1 The total surface area of finer fibers has a larger per unit mass and increased resistance to airflow than do coarser fibers.  
5.3 Instruments are available to indicate the resistance to air flow using either compressed air or a vacuum; and are constructed (1) to measure airflow under constant pressure drop across the plug, (2) to measure pressure drop when a constant flow of air is maintained, or (3) to indicate resistance to air flow from both a balanced and unbalanced Wheatstone bridge.  
5.4 The reliability of the results of any test method depends primarily upon how well the specimens tested represent the original source material. Flax fibers are different from many textile fibers, such as cotton or synthetic ones, in that they are not individual filaments but bu...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides two options that cover the determination of the fineness of clean loose flax fibers by: Option 1, measuring the specific surface area by the resistance of a plug of flax fibers to air flow under prescribed conditions, or Option 2, estimating the mass per unit length.
Note 1: For other methods for determining the fineness of fibers refer to Appendix X1.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Few standards exist to objectively determine flax quality. Shive is the woody core of the stem and has an important effect on quality determination. Shive content will vary depending on the stage of processing and can determine in what products the fiber can be used. Spectroscopic data provide an accurate, precise and rapid determination of the amount of shive in flax fiber.  
5.1.1 If there are differences of practical significance between reported test results for two or more laboratories, comparative tests should be performed by those laboratories to determine if there is a statistical bias between them, using competent statistical assistance. As a minimum, test samples that are as homogeneous as possible are drawn from the material from which the disputed test results were obtained, and are randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory. These results from the two laboratories should be compared using a statistical test for unpaired data, a possibility level chosen prior to the testing series. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected, or future test results for that fiber sample type must be adjusted in consideration of the known bias.  
5.2 This test method gives data on shive content of retted flax fiber which can be used as a basis for: (1) estimating the net amount of manufacturing fiber obtainable from retted flax fiber; (2) along with other measurements, predicting the quality of flax products, particularly their aesthetic properties; (3) adjusting processing machinery for maximum efficiency in cleaning; and (4) relating shive content to end-product quality and processing efficiency.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of shives in retted flax.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Longitudinal preparation is much quicker and less damaging than cross-sectional analysis and allows the fibers to be evaluated in their natural state.  
5.2 This test method provides measurement of a flax fiber specimen that uses less specimen preparation, produces consistent results, and minimal specimen modification. It has been shown that the median values of width correlate very well with the Optical Fiber Diameter Analyzer (OFDA), an apparatus developed for measuring the value and distribution of wool fiber diameters.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method involves the measurement and analysis of two-dimensional projections of flax fibers using image analysis software in the longitudinal plane to determine the average and distribution of fiber widths.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology covers definitions of technical terms related to flax and linen.

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology covers definitions of technical terms related to flax and linen.

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology covers definitions of technical terms related to flax and linen.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Few standards exist to objectively determine flax quality. Shive is the woody core of the stem and has an important effect on quality determination. Shive content will vary depending on the stage of processing and can determine in what products the fiber can be used. Spectroscopic data provide an accurate, precise and rapid determination of the amount of shive in flax fiber.
If there are differences of practical significance between reported test results for two or more laboratories, comparative tests should be performed by those laboratories to determine if there is a statistical bias between them, using competent statistical assistance. As a minimum, test samples that are as homogeneous as possible are drawn from the material from which the disputed test results were obtained, and are randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory. These results from the two laboratories should be compared using a statistical test for unpaired data, a possibility level chosen prior to the testing series. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected, or future test results for that fiber sample type must be adjusted in consideration of the known bias.
This test method gives data on shive content of retted flax fiber which can be used as a basis for: (1) estimating the net amount of manufacturing fiber obtainable from retted flax fiber; (2) along with other measurements, predicting the quality of flax products, particularly their aesthetic properties; (3) adjusting processing machinery for maximum efficiency in cleaning; and (4) relating shive content to end-product quality and processing efficiency.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of shives in retted flax.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method for determining fineness of cleaned flax fibers is considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments when the levels are controlled by use of a range of calibration standards.
If there are differences of practical significance between reported test results for two or more laboratories, comparative tests should be performed by those laboratories to determine if there is a statistical bias between them, using competent statistical assistance. As a minimum, use test samples that are as homogenous as possible, are drawn from the material from which the disparate test results were obtained, and are randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. These test results from the two laboratories should be compared using a statistical test for unpaired data, at a probability level chosen prior to the testing series. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected, or future test results for that material must be adjusted in consideration of the known bias.
The resistance that a plug of flax fibers offers to the flow of air is measured as an approximate indication of the average relative fineness of the fibers.
The total surface area of finer fibers has a larger per unit mass and increased resistance to airflow than do coarser fibers.
Instruments are available to indicate the resistance to air flow using either compressed air or a vacuum; and are constructed (1) to measure airflow under constant pressure drop across the plug, (2) to measure pressure drop when a constant flow of air is maintained, or (3) to indicate resistance to air flow from both a balanced and unbalanced Wheatstone bridge.
The reliability of the results of any test method depends primarily upon how well the specimens tested represent the original source material. Flax fibers are different from many textile fibers, such as cotton or synthetic ones, in that they are not individual filaments but bundles of fibrous material that ma...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides two options that cover the determination of the fineness of clean loose flax fibers by: Option 1, measuring the specific surface area by the resistance of a plug of flax fibers to air flow under prescribed conditions, or Option 2, estimating the mass per unit length.
Note 1—For other methods for determining the fineness of fibers refer to Appendix X1.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Few standards exist to objectively determine flax quality. Shive is the woody core of the stem and has an important effect on quality determination. Shive content will vary depending on the stage of processing and can determine in what products the fiber can be used. Spectroscopic data provide an accurate, precise and rapid determination of the amount of shive in flax fiber.
If there are differences of practical significance between reported test results for two or more laboratories, comparative tests should be performed by those laboratories to determine if there is a statistical bias between them, using competent statistical assistance. As a minimum, test samples that are as homogeneous as possible are drawn from the material from which the disputed test results were obtained, and are randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory. These results from the two laboratories should be compared using a statistical test for unpaired data, a possibility level chosen prior to the testing series. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected, or future test results for that fiber sample type must be adjusted in consideration of the known bias.
This test method gives data on shive content of retted flax fiber which can be used as a basis for: (1) estimating the net amount of manufacturing fiber obtainable from retted flax fiber; (2) along with other measurements, predicting the quality of flax products, particularly their aesthetic properties; (3) adjusting processing machinery for maximum efficiency in cleaning; and (4) relating shive content to end-product quality and processing efficiency.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of shives in retted flax.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Few standards exist to objectively determine flax quality. Shive is the woody core of the stem and has an important effect on quality determination. Shive content will vary depending on the stage of processing and can determine in what products the fiber can be used. Spectroscopic data provide an accurate, precise and rapid determination of the amount of shive in flax fiber.
If there are differences of practical significance between reported test results for two or more laboratories, comparative tests should be performed by those laboratories to determine if there is a statistical bias between them, using competent statistical assistance. As a minimum, test samples that are as homogeneous as possible are drawn from the material from which the disputed test results were obtained, and are randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory. These results from the two laboratories should be compared using a statistical test for unpaired data, a possibility level chosen prior to the testing series. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected, or future test results for that fiber sample type must be adjusted in consideration of the known bias.
This test method gives data on shive content of retted flax fiber which can be used as a basis for: (1) estimating the net amount of manufacturing fiber obtainable from retted flax fiber; (2) along with other measurements, predicting the quality of flax products, particularly their aesthetic properties; (3) adjusting processing machinery for maximum efficiency in cleaning; and (4) relating shive content to end-product quality and processing efficiency.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of shives in retted flax.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Few standards exist to objectively judge flax quality. Color is an important factor in the quality of flax fiber. Natural variations in raw flax fiber, various processing steps, fiber blending, and a wide range of end uses contribute to the need for a standard method of objectively measuring the color of flax fiber. Spectrophotometic data provide an accurate, precise determination of the color of flax fiber. Colorimetric data are obtained through specimen measurement by combining specimen spectral data with data representing a CIE standard observer and a CIE standard illuminant, as described in Method E308.
If there are differences of practical significance between reported test results for two (or more) laboratories, comparative tests should be performed to determine if there is a statistical bias between them, using competent statistical assistance. As a minimum, use the samples for such a comparative test that are as homogeneous as possible, drawn from the same lot of material as the samples that resulted in disparate results during initial testing and randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory. The results from the laboratories involved should be compared using a statistical test for unpaired data, a probability level chosen prior to the testing series. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected, or future test results for that fiber sample type must be adjusted in consideration of the known bias.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the instrumental color measurement of flax fiber.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology covers definitions of technical terms related to flax and linen.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of shives in retted flax.
1.2 UnitsThe values stated in either SI units or inch-pounds are to be regarded separately as a standard. The values stated in each system may not be exactly equivalent; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides two options that cover the determination of the fineness of clean loose flax fibers by: Option 1, measuring the specific surface area by the resistance of a plug of flax fibers to air flow under prescribed conditions, or Option 2, estimating the mass per unit length.
Note 1 —For other methods for determining the fineness of fibers refer to Appendix X1.
1.2 The values, stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides two options that cover the determination of the fineness of clean loose flax fibers by: Option 1, measuring the specific surface area by the resistance of a plug of flax fibers to air flow under prescribed conditions, or Option 2, estimating the mass per unit length.
1.2 The values, stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides two options that cover the determination of the fineness of clean loose flax fibers by: Option 1, measuring the specific surface area by the resistance of a plug of flax fibers to air flow under prescribed conditions, or Option 2, estimating the mass per unit length.
1.2 The values, stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Few standards exist to objectively judge flax quality. Color is an important factor in the quality of flax fiber. Natural variations in raw flax fiber, various processing steps, fiber blending, and a wide range of end uses contribute to the need for a standard method of objectively measuring the color of flax fiber. Spectrophotometic data provide an accurate, precise determination of the color of flax fiber. Colorimetric data are obtained through specimen measurement by combining specimen spectral data with data representing a CIE standard observer and a CIE standard illuminant, as described in Method E 308.
If there are differences of practical significance between reported test results for two (or more) laboratories, comparative tests should be performed to determine if there is a statistical bias between them, using competent statistical assistance. As a minimum, use the samples for such a comparative test that are as homogeneous as possible, drawn from the same lot of material as the samples that resulted in disparate results during initial testing and randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory. The results from the laboratories involved should be compared using a statistical test for unpaired data, a probability level chosen prior to the testing series. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected, or future test results for that fiber sample type must be adjusted in consideration of the known bias.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the instrumental color measurement of flax fiber.
1.2 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units (which are provided in parentheses). The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology covers definitions of technical terms related to flax and linen.