ASTM A729/A729M-15e1

Standard Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Axles, Heat-Treated, for Mass Transit and Electric Railway Service

ABSTRACT
This specification deals with the standard requirements for heat-treated alloy steel axles and solid design roller bearing axles with machined bodies for mass transit and commuter cars in electric and locomotive hauled railway service. Various axle designs are used for this service including motor and non-motor with either inboard or outboard journals. Materials shall be forged, cooled and heat treated by normalizing, liquid quenching, tempering, and straightening. Steels shall conform to chemical composition requirements specified for each of the seven classes considered here. Conformance to mechanical property requirements such as tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, and reduction of area, shall be evaluated by tensile tests. Details of nondestructive ultrasonic and magnetic particle examination procedures are discussed thoroughly. Final axle products shall conform to purchaser-specified size, shape, and finish. Rough machining shall be free of excessively rough ridges and coarse chatter marks, and the finish machined axle surfaces shall be free of injurious imperfections.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers heat-treated carbon and alloy steel axles for mass transit and commuter cars in electric and locomotive hauled railway service.  
1.2 This specification is for solid design roller bearing axles with machined bodies.  
1.3 Various axle designs are used for this service including motor and non-motor with either inboard or outboard journals.  
1.4 Supplementary requirements including those in the general requirements of Specification A788/A788M are provided for use when additional testing or inspection is desired. These shall apply only when specified individually by the purchaser in the order.  
1.5 Unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specification designation, the axles shall be furnished to the inch-pound units.  
1.6 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 14-May-2015
• ICS: 45.040 - Materials and components for railway engineering
• Technical Committee: A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
• Drafting Committee: A01.06 - Steel Forgings and Billets

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM A729/A729M-15 - Standard Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Axles, Heat-Treated, for Mass Transit and Electric Railway Service
• Effective Date: 15-May-2015
• Referred By: ASTM A788/A788M-23 - Standard Specification for Steel Forgings, General Requirements
• Effective Date: 15-May-2015

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
´1
Designation: A729/A729M −15
Standard Specification for
Carbon and Alloy Steel Axles, Heat-Treated, for Mass Transit
1
and Electric Railway Service
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA729/A729M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Figs. 1 and 2 were corrected editorially in December 2015.
1. Scope* A388/A388M Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Steel
Forgings
1.1 This specification covers heat-treated carbon and alloy
A788/A788M Specification for Steel Forgings, General Re-
steel axles for mass transit and commuter cars in electric and
quirements
locomotive hauled railway service.
E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
1.2 This specification is for solid design roller bearing axles
E381 Method of Macroetch Testing Steel Bars, Billets,
with machined bodies.
Blooms, and Forgings
E1426 Test Method for Determining the X-Ray Elastic
1.3 Various axle designs are used for this service including
motor and non-motor with either inboard or outboard journals. Constants for Use in the Measurement of Residual Stress
Using X-Ray Diffraction Techniques
1.4 Supplementary requirements including those in the gen-
3
2.2 Other Standards:
eral requirements of Specification A788/A788M are provided
AAR Manual of Standards and Recommended Prac-
for use when additional testing or inspection is desired. These
tices Wheels and Axles
shall apply only when specified individually by the purchaser
in the order.
3. Terminology
1.5 Unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specifica-
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
tion designation, the axles shall be furnished to the inch-pound
3.1.1 class—thesetofchemicalrequirementsforthesteelto
units.
be used for the axles to be supplied.
1.6 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units 3.1.2 grade—the designation of the specific set of mechani-
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
cal properties selected for the axle(s) to be supplied. The grade
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
is selected based on the axle design and service requirements.
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
3.2 Users of this specification are cautioned that the above
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
terms may be used differently in other industry standards and
with the standard.
purchaser ordering information. Producers and purchasers
should ensure that both parties are in agreement regarding the
2. Referenced Documents
specific mechanical and chemical requirements for the axles to
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
be supplied.
A29/A29M SpecificationforGeneralRequirementsforSteel
4. Ordering Information
Bars, Carbon and Alloy, Hot-Wrought
A275/A275M Practice for Magnetic Particle Examination of
4.1 Material supplied to this specification shall conform to
Steel Forgings
the requirements of Specification A788/A788M, which out-
lines ordering information, manufacturing requirements, test-
ing and retesting methods and procedures, marking,
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
certification,productanalysisvariations,andadditionalsupple-
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
mentary requirements.
A01.06 on Steel Forgings and Billets.
4.1.1 If the requirements of this specification are in conflict
Current edition approved May 15, 2015. Published June 2015. Originally
approved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as A729/
with the requirements of Specification A788/A788M, then the
A729M – 09(2014). DOI: 10.1520/A0729_A0729M-15E01.
requirements of this specification shall prevail.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from Association of American Railroads (AAR), 425 Third St., SW,
the ASTM website. Washington, DC 20024, http://www.aar.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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A729/A729M − 15
4.2 In addition to the ordering information required by 6.3.1 Axlesshallbeheat-treatedinaccordancewithTable2.
Specification A788/A788M, the purchaser should include with
6.3.2 Grades A and F shall be heat-treated by double
the inquiry and order a detailed drawing, sketch or written
normalizin
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: A729/A729M − 15 A729/A729M − 15
Standard Specification for
Carbon and Alloy Steel Axles, Heat-Treated, for Mass Transit
1
and Electric Railway Service
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A729/A729M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Figs. 1 and 2 were corrected editorially in December 2015.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers heat-treated carbon and alloy steel axles for mass transit and commuter cars in electric and
locomotive hauled railway service.
1.2 This specification is for solid design roller bearing axles with machined bodies.
1.3 Various axle designs are used for this service including motor and non-motor with either inboard or outboard journals.
1.4 Supplementary requirements including those in the general requirements of Specification A788/A788M are provided for use
when additional testing or inspection is desired. These shall apply only when specified individually by the purchaser in the order.
1.5 Unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specification designation, the axles shall be furnished to the inch-pound units.
1.6 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A29/A29M Specification for General Requirements for Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy, Hot-Wrought
A275/A275M Practice for Magnetic Particle Examination of Steel Forgings
A388/A388M Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Steel Forgings
A788/A788M Specification for Steel Forgings, General Requirements
E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
E381 Method of Macroetch Testing Steel Bars, Billets, Blooms, and Forgings
E1426 Test Method for Determining the X-Ray Elastic Constants for Use in the Measurement of Residual Stress Using X-Ray
Diffraction Techniques
3
2.2 Other Standards:
AAR Manual of Standards and Recommended Practices Wheels and Axles
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 class—the set of chemical requirements for the steel to be used for the axles to be supplied.
3.1.2 grade—the designation of the specific set of mechanical properties selected for the axle(s) to be supplied. The grade is
selected based on the axle design and service requirements.
3.2 Users of this specification are cautioned that the above terms may be used differently in other industry standards and
purchaser ordering information. Producers and purchasers should ensure that both parties are in agreement regarding the specific
mechanical and chemical requirements for the axles to be supplied.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.06
on Steel Forgings and Billets.
Current edition approved May 15, 2015. Published June 2015. Originally approved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as A729/A729M – 09(2014). DOI:
10.1520/A0729_A0729M-15.10.1520/A0729_A0729M-15E01.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from Association of American Railroads (AAR), 425 Third St., SW, Washington, DC 20024, http://www.aar.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
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A729/A729M − 15
4. Ordering Information
4.1 Material supplied to this specification shall conform to the requirements of Specification A788/A788M, which outlines
ordering information, manufacturing requirements, testing and retesting methods and procedures, marking, certification, product
analysis variations, and additional supplementary requirements.
4.1.1 If the requirements of this specification are in conflict with the requirements of Specification A788/A788M, then the
requirements of th
...