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ASTM D3737-04

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Establishing Allowable Properties for Structural Glued Laminated Timber (Glulam)

Standard Practice for Establishing Allowable Properties for Structural Glued Laminated Timber (Glulam)

SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the procedures for establishing allowable properties for structural glued laminated timber. Properties considered include bending, tension and compression parallel to the grain, modulus of elasticity, horizontal shear, compression perpendicular to the grain and radial stresses in curved members.
1.2 This practice is limited to the calculation of allowable properties subject to the given procedures for the selection and arrangement of grades of lumber of the species considered.
1.3 Requirements for production, inspection and certification are not included, but in order to justify the allowable properties developed using procedures in this practice, manufacturers must conform to recognized manufacturing standards. Refer to ANSI/AITC AI90.1 and CSA 0122.
1.4 Allowable properties established by use of this practice are based on dry conditions of use (less than 16 % moisture content). Modifications for wet-use conditions are given in 9.2.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Oct-2004
ICS
79.060.99 - Other wood-based panels
Technical Committee
D07 - Wood
Drafting Committee
D07.02 - Lumber and Engineered Wood Products
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D3737-03 - Standard Practice for Establishing Allowable Properties for Structural Glued Laminated Timber (Glulam)
Effective Date
01-Nov-2004
Replaced By
ASTM D3737-05 - Standard Practice for Establishing Allowable Properties for Structural Glued Laminated Timber (Glulam)
Effective Date
01-Oct-2005
Referred By
ASTM D198-22a - Standard Test Methods of Static Tests of Lumber in Structural Sizes
Effective Date
01-Nov-2004
Referred By
ASTM D7199-20 - Standard Practice for Establishing Characteristic Values for Reinforced Glued Laminated Timber (Glulam) Beams Using Mechanics-Based Models
Effective Date
01-Nov-2004
Referred By
ASTM D2915-17(2022) - Standard Practice for Sampling and Data-Analysis for Structural Wood and Wood-Based Products
Effective Date
01-Nov-2004
Referred By
ASTM D5457-23 - Standard Specification for Computing Reference Resistance of Wood-Based Materials and Structural Connections for Load and Resistance Factor Design
Effective Date
01-Nov-2004
Referred By
ASTM D7341-21 - Standard Practice for Establishing Characteristic Values for Flexural Properties of Structural Glued Laminated Timber by Full-Scale Testing
Effective Date
01-Nov-2004
Referred By
ASTM D6570-18a(2023)e1 - Standard Practice for Assigning Allowable Properties for Mechanically Graded Lumber
Effective Date
01-Nov-2004
Referred By
ASTM D7147-21 - Standard Specification for Testing and Establishing Allowable Loads of Joist Hangers
Effective Date
01-Nov-2004

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ASTM D3737-04 - Standard Practice for Establishing Allowable Properties for Structural Glued Laminated Timber (Glulam)ASTM D3737-04 - Standard Practice for Establishing Allowable Properties for Structural Glued Laminated Timber (Glulam)
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ASTM D3737-04 - Standard Practice for Establishing Allowable Properties for Structural Glued Laminated Timber (Glulam)
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D 3737 – 04
Standard Practice for
Establishing Allowable Properties for Structural Glued
1
Laminated Timber (Glulam)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3737; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Wood-Base Materials
D2555 TestMethodsforEstablishingClearWoodStrength
1.1 This practice covers the procedures for establishing
Values
allowable properties for structural glued laminated timber.
D2915 Practice for Evaluating Allowable Properties for
Properties considered include bending, tension and compres-
Grades of Structural Lumber
sion parallel to the grain, modulus of elasticity, horizontal
D4761 Test Methods for Mechanical Properties of Lumber
shear, compression perpendicular to the grain, and radial
and Wood-Base Structural Material
stresses in curved members.
E105 Practice for Probability Sampling of Materials
1.2 This practice is limited to the calculation of allowable
2.2 Other Standards:
properties subject to the given procedures for the selection and
3
ANSI/AITC AI90.1 Structural Glued Laminated Timber
arrangement of grades of lumber of the species considered.
ANSI/AF&PA National Design Specification for Wood
1.3 Requirements for production, inspection, and certifica-
4
Construction
tion are not included, but in order to justify the allowable
5
CSA 0122 Structural Glued Laminated Timber
properties developed using procedures in this practice, manu-
facturersmustconformtorecognizedmanufacturingstandards.
3. Terminology
Refer to ANSI/AITC AI90.1 and CSA 0122.
3.1 Definitions:
1.4 Allowable properties established by use of this practice
3.1.1 E-rated lumber—lumber graded for use in manufac-
are based on dry conditions of use (less than 16% moisture
turing glued laminated timber by nondestructive measurement
content).Modificationsforwet-useconditionsaregivenin9.2.
of a modulus of elasticity (E) and by visual inspection in
1.5 Thevaluesstatedininch-poundunitsaretoberegarded
accordance with the grading rules of the applicable grading or
as standard.
inspection agency.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.2 glulam—a term used to denote glued laminated tim-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
ber, which is a product made from suitably selected and
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
prepared pieces of wood bonded together with an adhesive
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
either in a straight or curved form with the grain of all pieces
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
essentially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the member.
2. Referenced Documents 3.1.3 horizontally laminated timber—amemberdesignedto
2 resist bending loads applied perpendicularly to the wide faces
2.1 ASTM Standards:
of the laminations (referred to as the x-x axis).
D198 TestMethodsofStaticTestsofLumbersinStructural
3.1.4 lamination—a layer of lumber within the glued lami-
Sizes
nated timber.
D245 Practice for Establishing Structural Grades and Re-
3.1.5 modulus of elasticity (E)—for laminating, E is desig-
lated Allowable Properties for Visually Graded Lumber
nated in two categories to distinguish mode of measurement
D2395 Test Methods for Specific Gravity of Wood and
and application.
3.1.5.1 Long-Span E (LSE)—the E calculated from deflec-
1
tion measured in a flat-wise static bending test of lumber with
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D07 on Wood and
is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D07.02 on Lumber and Engineered
Wood Products.
3
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2004. Published November 2004. Originally Available from theAmerican Institute ofTimber Construction, 7012 S. Revere
approved in 1978. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D3737–03. Parkway, Suite 140, Englewood, CO 80112.
2 4
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Available from American Forest and Paper Association (AF&PA), 1111 19th
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM St., NW, Suite 800, Washington, DC 20036.
5
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from Canadian Standards Association (CSA), 178 Rexdale Blvd.,
the ASTM website. Toronto, ON Canada M9W1R3.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3737–04
a center point loading and a span-to-depth ratio (l/d)of gradedfor Eafterrippingexceptthatregradingmaybewaived
approxi
...

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ASTM D7341-21(Practice)
Standard Practice for Establishing Characteristic Values for Flexural Properties of Structural Glued Laminated Timber by Full-Scale Testing

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
10.1 Full-scale bending testing is an effective way to determine flexural properties of structural glued laminated timber (glulam) beams. However, testing of large glulam members is cost prohibitive. Mathematical models, when confirmed by full-scale test results, are useful tools to assign flexural properties for glulam. This practice provides guidelines for sampling and testing full-scale glulam beams to determine their flexural properties and to validate mathematical models intended for use in assigning flexural design values.
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1.1 This practice describes procedures for full scale testing of structural glued laminated timber (glulam) to determine or verify characteristic values used to calculate flexural design properties. Guidelines are given for: (1) testing individual structural glued laminated timber lay-ups (with no modeling), (2) testing individual glulam combinations (with limited modeling), and (3) validating models used to predict characteristic values.  
1.2 This practice is limited to procedures for establishing flexural properties (Modulus of Rupture, MOR, and Modulus of Elasticity, MOE). Some of the principles for sampling and analysis presented may be applicable to other properties. However, other properties may require additional testing considerations that are beyond the scope of this practice.  
1.3 This practice is not intended to supersede the provisions of Practice D3737, but provides an alternative method for establishing characteristic values. Lay-up combinations developed in accordance with Practice D3737 are not required to be governed by this standard.
Note 1: The models described by Practice D3737 have been developed and modified based on more than 50 years of experience and many test programs. In some cases, however, it may be desirable to develop a new model based on other input properties or using lumber materials or grades not covered by that standard.  
1.4 Details of production, inspection, and certification are beyond the scope of this document. However, for test results to be representative of production, quality control systems shall be in place to ensure consistent quality. Manufacturing shall conform to recognized manufacturing standards such as ANSI A190.1 or CSA O122.  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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ASTM D7199-20(Practice)
Standard Practice for Establishing Characteristic Values for Reinforced Glued Laminated Timber (Glulam) Beams Using Mechanics-Based Models

ABSTRACT
This practice covers mechanics-based models for calculating characteristic values for the strength and stiffness of reinforced structural glued laminated timbers (glulam). The mechanics-based analyses shall account for the following: (1) stress-strain relationships for wood laminations and reinforcement; (2) strain compatibility; (3) equilibrium; (4) variability of mechanical properties; (5) volume effects; (6) finger-joint effects; (7) laminating effects; and (8) stress concentrations at the termination of reinforcement in beams with partial length reinforcement. This practice also provides for minimum physical test requirements to validate mechanics-based models. A minimum set of performance-based durability test requirements for reinforced glulams is also herein described. Additional durability test requirements shall be considered in accordance with the specific end-use environment.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes procedures for establishing the characteristic values for reinforced structural glued-laminated timber (glulam) beams using mechanics-based models and validated by full-scale beam tests. Glulam beams shall be manufactured in accordance with applicable provisions of ANSI A190.1.  
1.2 This practice also describes a minimum set of performance-based durability test requirements for reinforced glulam beams, as specified in Annex A1. Additional durability test requirements shall be considered in accordance with the specific end-use environment. Appendix X1 provides an example of a mechanics-based methodology that satisfies the requirements set forth in this practice.  
1.3 This practice is limited to procedures for establishing flexural properties (modulus of rupture, MOR, and modulus of elasticity, MOE) about the x-x axis of horizontally-laminated reinforced glulam beams.  
1.4 The establishment of secondary properties, such as bending about the y-y axis, shear parallel to grain, tension parallel to grain, compression parallel to grain, and compression perpendicular to grain, for the reinforced glulam beams are beyond the scope of this practice.
Note 1: When the establishment of secondary properties is deemed necessary, testing according to other applicable methods, such as Test Methods D143 and D198 or analysis in accordance with Practice D3737, may be considered.  
1.5 Reinforced glulam beams subjected to axial loads are outside the scope of this practice.  
1.6 Proper safety, serviceability, and adjustment factors including duration of load, to be used in design are outside the scope of this practice.  
1.7 Evaluation of unbonded, prestressed, and shear reinforcement is outside the scope of this practice.  
1.8 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. The mechanics-based model shall be permitted to be developed using SI or inch-pound units.  
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D7857-16(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Flexural Properties and Internal Bond Strength of Fire-Retarded Mat-Formed Wood Structural Composite Panels Exposed to Elevated Temperatures

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The properties evaluated by this test method are intended to provide comparative information on the effects of fire-retardant chemical formulations and environmental conditions on the flexural properties and IB strength of FRSC panels.  
5.2 This practice uses a controlled elevated-temperature environment to produce temperature-induced losses in the mechanical properties of FRSC panels and untreated panels.  
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1.1 This test method is designed as a laboratory screening test. It is intended to establish an understanding of the respective contributions of the many wood material, fire-retardant, resin and processing variables, and their interactions, upon the mechanical properties of fire-retarded mat-formed wood structural composite (FRSC) panels as they affect flexural and internal bond (IB) performance and as they are often affected later during exposure to high temperature and humidity. Once the critical material and processing variables have been identified through these small-specimen laboratory screening tests, additional testing and evaluation shall be required to determine the effect of the treatment on the panel structural properties and the effect of exposure to high temperature on the properties of commercially produced FRSC panels. In this test method, treated structural composite panels are exposed to a temperature of 77°C (170°F) and at least 50% relative humidity.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
10.1 Full-scale bending testing is an effective way to determine flexural properties of structural glued laminated timber (glulam) beams. However, testing of large glulam members is cost prohibitive. Mathematical models, when confirmed by full-scale test results, are useful tools to assign flexural properties for glulam. This practice provides guidelines for sampling and testing full-scale glulam beams to determine their flexural properties and to validate mathematical models intended for use in assigning flexural design values.
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ASTM D7199-20(Practice)
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ABSTRACT
This practice covers mechanics-based models for calculating characteristic values for the strength and stiffness of reinforced structural glued laminated timbers (glulam). The mechanics-based analyses shall account for the following: (1) stress-strain relationships for wood laminations and reinforcement; (2) strain compatibility; (3) equilibrium; (4) variability of mechanical properties; (5) volume effects; (6) finger-joint effects; (7) laminating effects; and (8) stress concentrations at the termination of reinforcement in beams with partial length reinforcement. This practice also provides for minimum physical test requirements to validate mechanics-based models. A minimum set of performance-based durability test requirements for reinforced glulams is also herein described. Additional durability test requirements shall be considered in accordance with the specific end-use environment.
SCOPE
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1.2 This practice also describes a minimum set of performance-based durability test requirements for reinforced glulam beams, as specified in Annex A1. Additional durability test requirements shall be considered in accordance with the specific end-use environment. Appendix X1 provides an example of a mechanics-based methodology that satisfies the requirements set forth in this practice.  
1.3 This practice is limited to procedures for establishing flexural properties (modulus of rupture, MOR, and modulus of elasticity, MOE) about the x-x axis of horizontally-laminated reinforced glulam beams.  
1.4 The establishment of secondary properties, such as bending about the y-y axis, shear parallel to grain, tension parallel to grain, compression parallel to grain, and compression perpendicular to grain, for the reinforced glulam beams are beyond the scope of this practice.
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1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The properties evaluated by this test method are intended to provide comparative information on the effects of fire-retardant chemical formulations and environmental conditions on the flexural properties and IB strength of FRSC panels.  
5.2 This practice uses a controlled elevated-temperature environment to produce temperature-induced losses in the mechanical properties of FRSC panels and untreated panels.  
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3.1 This guide is meant to aid response teams who may use it during spill response planning and spill events.  
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SCOPE
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1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
Note 1: Attention is called to Specifications D1752 and D994/D994M.  
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM B637-23(Specification)
Standard Specification for Precipitation-Hardening and Cold Worked Nickel Alloy Bars, Forgings, and Forging Stock for Moderate or High Temperature Service

ABSTRACT
This specification covers hot- and cold-worked precipitation-hardenable nickel alloy rod, bar, forgings, and forging stock for high-temperature service. Chemical analysis shall be performed on the alloy and shall conform to the chemical composition requirement in carbon, manganese, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur, chromium, cobalt, molybdenum, columbium, tantalum, titanium, aluminum, zirconium, boron, iron, copper, and nickel. The material shall follow recommended annealing treatment, solution treatment, stabilizing treatment, and precipitation hardening treatment. Tension testing, hardness testing and stress-rupture testing shall be performed on the material and shall comply to the required tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, reduction in area, and Brinell hardness.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers hot- and cold-worked precipitation-hardenable nickel alloy rod, bar, forgings, and forging stock for moderate or high temperature service (Table 1).  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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  • Technical specification
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